人工湿地对有机污染物的净化机理研究

人工湿地作为一种高效率、低投资、低运行费用、低能耗的污水处理技术得到广泛的关注。文章主要论述了多环芳烃、苯类物质在人工湿地水环境中的净化过程,并探讨了人工湿地对有机物净化过程的影响因素,为我国人工湿地治理有机污染物的研究及应用提供参考。     

改善热面点火天然气发动机起动和运转性能的研究

针对热面点火天然气机起动困难以及低负荷循环波动大、高负荷燃烧敲缸、Nox排放数值较高的问题,通过台架试验,分别研究了3种燃料添加剂、进气加热温度、隔热措施及热EGR对发动机起动和运转性能的影响.结果表明,采用3种添加剂、提高进气温度和燃烧室隔热,有利于天然气着火起动和稳定燃烧.采用热EGR有助于天然气发动机扩展功率范围并有利于降低Nox排放.     

镀锌薄板TIG拼焊的焊缝组织及成形性能

采用钨极惰性气体焊对镀锌薄板 SGCC 实施等厚拼焊,测试分析了拼焊板焊接接头的金相组织、显微硬度,并对拼焊板和母材试样进行杯突试验.结果表明,在拼焊过程中,母材的散热情况不同会造成焊缝金相组织在靠近母材的局部区域有很大差异.焊缝熔合区组织为粗的片状与块状先共析铁素体沿柱状晶界分布,晶内为魏氏体组织和片状珠光体,热影响区为块状的珠光体和铁素体,导致了焊缝及其热影响区的硬度均高于母材,对拼焊板的整体成形性能产生负面影响;同时,焊缝杯突值较母材有一定程度的降低,揭示其焊缝深冲性能低于母材.

Abstract：

The microstructure and micro-hardness of welded joint of SGCC by tungsten inert-gas (TIG) welding are studied, and the cupping test of Tailor-welded blank and base metal are studied.The results show that in the welding process, the microstructure of weld will have great diversity at local region closing parent metal because of the different cooling condition of the parent metal. The microstructure of welding fusion zone is massive sheet proeutectoid ferrite distribution along the columnar grain boundaries, intragranular organizations are Widmanstatten and sheet pearlite structure, and the microstructure in HAZ is massive pearlite and ferrite, which make the micro-hardness value of welding seam and HAZ higher than that of base metal and lead negative influence to the formability of Tailorwelded blank. The cupping value of weld seam reduces to some extent compared with that of base metal, which indicates that the formability of weld seam is not good as that of base metal.     

节能服务公司的增信途径研究

近年来我国节能服务产业迅速发展,2009年全国共实施节能项目4000多个,总投资约280亿元,完成总产值580多亿元,形成年节能1350×104t标煤的规模。但在推行合同能源管理过程中仍然存在各种限制因素。相关政策法规的出台,使得影响节能服务产业发展的融资、税收、会计等问题得到了一定程度的解决,然而信用问题却日显突出。我国推行合同能源管理的节能服务公司多为中、小型企业,普遍面临信用不足的问题。为提高节能服务公司的信用,可以从3个层面着手:公司内部,增强自身实力以提高其服务能力,并进一步提升其信用水平;公司外部,引入第三方认证机构以消除节能服务公司与用户企业之间在节能量上的争议,即消除限制其发展的因素,从而保证其信用不受影响;社会层面上,需要建立规范的企业信用体系,以保证节能服务公司的信用逐步增加。     

Computer Simulation and X-ray Diffraction of Nanocrystals

X-ray diffraction of structure in nanocrystalline alpha -Fe and Cu was studied by atomistic simulation. Atomic position equilibrium was reached by using molecular dynamics method to simulate nanocrystalline structure with Finnis potentials to model interatomic interactions. It was found that the boundary component exhibits short-range order, and the distortion in crystalline component increases with the decrease of grain size.     

科技成果股份合作制及实施办法的探讨

鉴于目前的公有科技成果流失现象较为严重,文中分析了流失现象产生的原因,并提出了解决成果流失的设想,最后举例说明具体实施办法．     

球体内混合有机材料相变传热特性分析

利用移动热源法对相变材料在球壳内的凝固与熔化过程进行理论分析,得出不同工况条件下相变热量与相变界面随时间变化规律。与有机混合相变材料实验结果对比表明,该理论分析对实际相变过程有很好的预见性。     

天津市中心城区地下空间资源评价

阐明了地下空间资源评价的基本概念和原理,分析了影响天津市中心城区地下空间资源开发的自然因 素,采用GIS-模糊综合评价模型对地下空间资源进行了评价,通过评价建立了地下空间资源数据库,完成了地下 空间资源分布图,科学反映和度量了地下空间可供开发利用的资源,为天津市地下空间综合利用规划编制提供 了基础数据和科学依据。     

B180H1钢板成形性能研究

高强度烘烤强化（BH）钢是汽车覆盖件用的高强度钢板。本文通过试验对汽车用高强度钢板B180H1的力学性能、成形性能、烘烤硬化性能和抗凹陷性能进行了全面的研究,并与DC04钢板的各项性能进行了比较。使用NADDRG模型对B180H1钢的成形极限进行了预测。试验结果表明,B180H1的力学性能优于DC04,成形性能不低于DC04,且B180H1的烘烤硬化性能及抗凹陷性能方面均优于DC04。B180H1钢板的实冲壳体也具有良好的成形性能。     

Proof-of-concept study of an integrated solar desalination system

This paper describes the performance of a directly heated solar desalination system. The design concept is based on using a direct solar energy collection unit, integrated with flash evaporation and low temperature multi-effect distillation (LT-MED) equipment. Key parameters affecting desalination rate include flashing evaporation pressure, first effect distillation pressure and seawater temperature. The experimental results indicate that at flash evaporation pressure of 0.01 MPa, first effect distillation pressure of 0.004 MPa, and the temperature of solar-heated seawater of 78 °C, the system can reach steady state operation in 17 min. At steady state, desalination rate of 0.204 × 10⁻³ m³/min is obtained. On raising temperature from 70 to 78 °C, net increase in desalination rate of 0.165 × 10⁻³ m³/min is achieved. In contrast, the change of first effect distillation pressure only had minimum effect on desalination rate. Experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis. If temperature continues to increase beyond 78 °C, scaling due to precipitation of CaSO₄ takes place. In this study, the techniques that prevent the system from scaling deposits are discussed.