基于指标权重的湖库营养状态识别

针对湖库营养状态识别未考虑指标权重及营养状态分级较少的不足,基于熵值法与概率神经网络（PNN）基本原理,提出熵值PNN湖库营养状态识别模型,以全国24个湖库营养状态识别为例进行分析。利用熵值法确定识别指标权重,依据我国湖库富营养化评价标准,将湖库营养状态划分为极贫营养一极重度富营养11个等级,提出基于改进的湖库营养状态识别等级标准,在等级标准域值间采用随机内插的方法生成样本对PNN模型进行训练和检验,利用正确识别率和运行时间对PNN模型性能进行评价。最后,基于两种方案对全国24个湖库营养状态进行识别。结果表明：@PNN模型对于随机生成的训练样本和检验样本的正确识别率分别达到98．9％、98．6％（5次平均）,模型用于湖库营养状态识别是合理可行的。②湖库识别结果存在差异。比较而言,基于指标权重考虑的识别结果更能科学、客观地反映湖库营养状态。     

Interactive augmented reality system for enhancing library instruction in elementary schools

Due to limited budgets and manpower, most elementary schools in Taiwan do not plan or provide library instruction for students. Although students can use libraries, they typically lack the knowledge needed to use library resources effectively. Consequently, students have difficulty finding the books they need and can easily become overwhelmed by the massive amount of information in libraries. Computer-assisted instruction for teaching basic library skills to large numbers of students is an appealing method. Particularly, developing augmented reality (AR) technologies for learning have garnered considerable attention in education research. Many researchers and scholars believe that integrating teaching and AR enhances student learning performance and motivation. This work develops an educational AR system based on situated learning theory, and applies innovative augmented reality interactive technology to a library’s learning environment. Student library knowledge can be enhanced via the proposed augmented reality library instruction system (ARLIS). Experimental results demonstrate that student learning performance is improved significantly by using the proposed ARLIS. Moreover, this work demonstrates that using the proposed ARLIS for library instruction results in the same learning performance as conventional librarian instruction and there is no gender difference on learning performance between the proposed ARLIS and conventional librarian instruction. Moreover, the proposed library instruction system overcomes shortcomings of personal teaching skills of librarians that may adversely affect student learning performance by conveying the same learning content to all students. Additionally, the proposed system results in better learning performance for learners with the field-dependent cognitive style than learners with the field-independent cognitive style. Further, the proposed system provides more benefits in terms of library skills of application and comprehension than conventional librarian instruction. Moreover, the learning performance of students is not affected by their gaming skills. Therefore, student gaming skills do not need to be considered when adopting the proposed system in library instruction programs.     

应用装饰模式创建CSS

介绍了应用装饰模式自动生成CSS的方法.原始的设计是基于继承的,子类功能的增加是通过覆盖或扩展父类方法实现的.优化的设计应用了装饰模式,获得了良好的可扩展性和可维护性.将CSS细分成不同的部分,每个部分作为一个装饰类.可以根据需要灵活地使用这些装饰类生成不同风格的CSS.通过对比这两种设计方式,最后列出了利用装饰模式的优缺点.     

Diverse reasoning in automated model formulation

Diverse reasoning supports a dynamic integration of various reasoning methods in a computerized system. This paper describes a control blackboard approach to simulate the control features observed in the expert's model formulation protocols. The diverse reasoning concept is incorporated so that the model formulation process is dynamically in a plan-directed, action-directed, or data-directed fashion. The diverse reasoning concept facilitates the control features simulation. By analyzing the diverse reasoning behavior in the proposed system, this paper contributes to a better understanding of and support to the modeling process for the design of intelligent decision support systems. The usefulness of the prototype system is also evaluated using an empirical experiment.     

闸阀挡渣工艺技术在安钢150t转炉上的应用

为满足冶炼超低磷钢等高附加值钢种的需要,安钢第二炼轧厂3号150 t转炉引进了闸阀挡渣工艺技术。文章介绍了该挡渣系统的设备、工艺、使用情况、存在的问题及应对措施等。实践表明,该挡渣系统运行稳定,基本达到了设计的功能要求,为今后冶炼高附加值品种钢奠定了基础。     

锌中浸渣还原酸浸试验研究

为了综合回收湿法炼锌过程富集于中浸渣中的有价金属,以高铁闪锌矿为研究对象,开展了中性浸出渣(简称为中浸渣)和锌精矿的联合还原酸浸试验研究。考察了中浸渣和锌精矿质量比、初始硫酸浓度、浸出时间、液固比、温度对锌、铁浸出率的影响。优化条件为:初始硫酸浓度220 g/L,中浸渣与锌精矿质量比1∶0.25,粒度-0.074 mm,液固比6∶1,温度90℃,反应时间3 h。在此条件下,锌和铁的浸出率均在96%以上,浸出液中95%以上的铁为二价铁离子,满足了后续工艺的要求。     

利用湿法炼锌赤铁矿法沉铁渣制备铁红

湿法炼锌工业中产生的沉铁渣的资源化利用,长期以来是备受关注的问题,渣的堆积容易对环境产生污染。目前主流的三种沉铁方法中的赤铁矿法所产生的赤铁矿渣具有较高的利用回收价值,对其的资源化利用,具有较高的研究价值。本文以湿法炼锌赤铁矿渣为实验对象,探究其在一定条件下使用酸洗浸出的方法制备高纯度铁红颜料的可行性,针对其中主要的杂质硫、锌等,以及不同含铁物相的去除与转化,研究了温度、时间、酸度、液固比对杂质脱除效果的影响。结果表明,在酸度8 g/L硫酸、温度220 ℃、时间3 h、液固比为6 mL/g工艺条件下可获得较好的脱杂提纯效果,可将沉铁渣铁含量由58%提高至66.5%以上,渣中主要杂质硫脱杂率在70%以上,锌等其余杂质脱除率在90%以上。     

镍钼矿氧压水浸过程铁和硫的转化溶解行为模拟研究

针对镍钼矿中硫铁矿的氧压水浸行为,以硫铁矿为研究对象,研究压力场下初始硫酸浓度、温度、氧分压、矿物粒度对硫铁矿氧压水浸行为的影响。结果表明:硫铁矿氧压水浸过程中,铁元素主要以离子形式存在溶液中,少部分以三氧化二铁、铁矾留在渣中;硫元素在整个反应过程中主要以硫酸根的形式存在溶液中,少部分以单质硫的形式存在渣中;外加初始酸的条件下,反应初期耗酸量大于成酸量为耗酸反应,反应中后期成酸量大于耗酸量为成酸反应;不加初始酸的条件下为成酸反应。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定雪莲果叶中的绿原酸

采用反相高效液相色谱法对雪莲果叶中的有效成分绿原酸进行分离,并对其含量进行测定,建立反相高效液相色谱法测定雪莲果叶中绿原酸含量的方法。色谱柱为Hypersil ODS-2 C18 柱(4.6mm × 300mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈- 体积分数0.5% 磷酸溶液(8:92,V/V),流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为325nm,柱温为25℃。绿原酸在10～100μg/mL 范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9999,加标回收率为97.0%,RSD 为1.10%。本法快速、简单、准确、分离度好,可用于实际样品的检测。     

Collaborative learning and mobile devices: An educational experience in Primary Education

In this paper we review the relevance of the models of Collaborative Learning (CL) in Primary Education, also exploring the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in these processes. Through the case study method, the main objective of this article is to describe the design, implementation and evaluation of a collaborative experience with ICT involving students in the 5th year of Primary Education in a Spanish school. Information has been collected from all those involved: teachers, tutors, teacher ICT support and students from two classes participating in the investigation. The results confirm the fact that ICT provide tools and channels that have multiplied the possibilities to carry out collaborative projects, providing quality assurance to share and communicate. The experience presented provides evidence to confirm this, and at the same time, confronts the dominant methodology based more on individual learning where the teacher continues to exercise the role of sole transmitter of knowledge.