海拔及工艺差异对葡萄酒中香气及酚类物质的影响

采用搅拌棒固相萃取结合气质联用分析香格里拉6种海拔及2种工艺的葡萄酒香气及酚类。结果表明:随海拔升高,葡萄酒中残糖含量下降但差异不显著;500 m海拔落差范围内,总酚、总类黄酮、总花色苷含量分别升高约300 mg/L、700 mg/L和100mg/L,总黄烷醇及总单宁含量呈略有下降;单体酚总量、儿茶素、槲皮素(3~20 mg/L)及多数单体花色苷(1~15 mg/L)均呈现不同程度的上升;最高海拔酒样香气总量、醛酮及萜烯类含量显著高于其他海拔,酯类物质含量显著高于最低海拔。西当-A总黄烷醇、总花色苷、总单宁含量略高于西当-B,酯类(61.45%)和醛酮及萜烯类(0.59%)百分比显著高于其他酒样,花色苷总量比西当-B高约10~17 mg/L;而西当-B-X总酚、总单宁、酯类及醛酮和萜烯类含量均高于西当-B-Y。高海拔有利于提高酒的颜色稳定性和特征香气含量,西当-A品质略好于西当-B,而工艺X略优于工艺Y。     

桑椹花色苷对晚期糖基化末端产物抑制作用及其机制分析

晚期糖基化末端产物(Advanced Glycation End Products,AGEs)是蛋白质游离氨基与还原糖羰基反应形成的一类复杂物质的总称,是诱发糖尿病等多种慢性病的重要因素之一,而多酚类化合物能够抑制AGEs的形成。为了探讨桑椹花色苷对AGEs的抑制机制,建立牛血清蛋白(BSA)/葡萄糖(Glucose)生成AGEs模拟反应体系,以0.5%酸性乙醇提取、AB-8型大孔树脂纯化的桑椹花色苷为抑制剂,测定反应体系中蛋白质羰基、巯基含量变化、羟基自由基(·OH)对AGEs形成的影响,利用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳技术分析BSA的分子量变化。研究结果表明,随着桑椹花色苷浓度的增加,反应体系中的AGEs含量显著降低(P0.05)。桑椹花色苷可显著抑制·OH诱导的AGEs的形成(P0.05)。桑椹花色苷通过保护巯基和抑制蛋白质形成羰基而抑制AGEs生成;SDS-PAGE图谱显示,桑椹花色苷可阻断糖基化反应导致的蛋白质交联物的形成。     

A computer-based temperature measurement system

A versatile and accurate electronic thermometer is devised for interfacing to an Apple II+ microcomputer. Hardware and software details are presented and discussed. An application of the temperature data acquisition system is also given.     

Determination of the light response of BC-404 plastic scintillator for protons and deuterons with energies between 1 and 11 MeV

The response of BC-404 plastic scintillator is measured up to 11 MeV for protons and up to 8 MeV for deuterons using a time-of-flight spectrometer. It is shown that the response is nonlinear in this energy range and can be described very well using a four-term polynomial in energy. Earlier response curves which were extrapolated from high energy data and from interpolation of low energy data at widely separated energies are nearly linear in the low energy region. A comparison has been made between our new measured data and the existing curves.