基于类云模型聚类的多目标数据关联算法

针对多目标跟踪中的数据关联问题,提出一种基于类云模型c-均值聚类的数据关联算法.该算法采用类云模型c-均值聚类算法对目标有效回波进行聚类,将聚类中心作为目标最终观测值,运用最近邻法对聚类中心与航迹进行关联,用Kalman滤波器进行状态估计.实验结果表明,本算法与联合概率数据互联算法相比,跟踪精度高,计算量小,更适应于工程应用.     

基于LQR的直线一阶单倒立摆最优控制器的设计

对已有的LQR最优控制中系统的动态响应与加权矩阵Q和R之间遵循的基本规律进行分析,并根据这一基本规律对给定的直线一阶单倒立摆采用线性二次型最优控制的方法设计控制器。仿真结果表明,基于LQR的最优控制系统对直线一阶单倒立摆具有很好的控制效果。     

Melting behaviors, isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon 1212

Isothermal crystallization, subsequent melting behavior and non-isothermal crystallization of nylon 1212 samples have been investigated in the temperature range of 160-171 °C using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Subsequent DSC scans of isothermally crystallized samples exhibited three melting endotherms. The commonly used Avrami equation and that modified by Jeziorny were used, respectively, to fit the primary stage of isothermal and non-isothermal crystallizations of nylon 1212. The Avrami exponent n was evaluated, and was found to be in the range of 1.56-2.03 for isothermal crystallization, and of 2.38-3.05 for non-isothermal crystallization. The activation energies (ΔE) were determined to be 284.5 KJ/mol and 102.63 KJ/mol, respectively, for the isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization processes by the Arrhenius' and the Kissinger's methods.     

Soybean oil transesterification over zinc oxide modified with alkali earth metals

Fatty acid methyl esters, derived from vegetable oils or animal fats and better known as biodiesel, have received considerable attention because of their environmental benefits and the limited resources of fossil fuels. Most biodiesel is usually produced by the transesterification of vegetable oils with methanol in the presence of a catalyst. This study reports on the preliminary results of using alkaline earth metal-doped zinc oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil. The highest catalytic activity was obtained with ZnO loaded with 2.5 mmol Sr(NO₃)₂/g, followed by calcination at 873 K for 5 h. When the transesterification reaction was carried out at reflux of methanol (338 K), with a 12:1 molar ratio of methanol to soybean oil and a catalyst amount of 5 wt.%, the conversion of soybean oil was 94.7%. Besides, tetrahydrofuran (THF), when used as a co-solvent, could increase the conversion up to 96.8%. However, the recovered catalyst exhibited the lower catalytic activity with a conversion of soybean oil of 15.4%. Furthermore, DTA-TG, IR and the Hammett indicator method were employed for the catalyst characterizations.     

超临界气体在聚合物加工中的应用

介绍了超临界气体的性质，以及近年来超临界CO2在聚合物加工中的应用，并对此技术住聚合物加工中存在的问题和未来的发展前景进行了总结和展望。     

基于模糊贝叶斯网络的空降场选择研究

空降场选择的本质是一种多属性决策问题.传统的层次分析法无法明确描述这类问题中所存在的属性度量以及关联问题.利用模糊理论来对选择影响因素进行度量和集结,通过建立空降场选择的贝叶斯网络来解决空降场选择问题,并用实例说明该方法的可行性和有效性.     

Multisim在模拟电子技术课程教学中的应用

介绍了一种用于模拟电子技术实验教学的Multisim仿真软件,以共射极放大电路为例,说明了Multisim在模拟电子技术中的应用。结果表明,仿真分析方法快捷、形象、真实、节约资源。     

Li and Ta-modified KNN piezoceramic fibers for vibrational energy harvesters

Piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) hold enormous potential for converting mechanical energy from our surrounding environment into electrical energy that can be used for powering portable electronics. Potassium sodium niobate (KNN) is one of the promising alternatives to replace lead-based piezoelectric materials. This work presents a cutting-edge demonstration of synthesis-function-device integration of piezoelectric nanofibers, where the morphology and the composition are engineered towards achieving high device output. We report a flexible nanogenerator based on electrospun Li and Ta-modified lead-free KNN nanofibers yielding a high voltage output of 5.6 V, which is around 9-fold higher than for the Mn-doped KNN nanofibers reported previously. The influence of Li and Ta-incorporation into the KNN lattice on the electromechanical coupling and the effect of a nanofiber morphology are investigated. The net-shaped KNN and Li and Ta-modified KNN nanofibers, synthesized by electrospinning of appropriate sols, maintain their structural integrity upon calcination and firing steps. The phase analysis (XRD) confirms the formation of single-phase (KNN) material. Li and Ta are found to be incorporated on the A and B-sites of the perovskite lattice, respectively. Piezo force microscopy data show the heat-treated nanofibers to exhibit multi-domain ferroelectric properties.     

Ti与含Ti或B中间合金对铝晶粒细化效果及抗高温衰退能力的影响

对比研究了电解加钛和含钛或硼中间合金对铝的晶粒细化效果及抗高温衰退能力的影响.结果表明,电解加钛和Al-5Ti中间合金在熔体温度较低时具有较好的晶粒细化效果,但随着熔体温度的升高,细化效果均迅速衰退;电解加钛再熔配加Al-4B中间合金可在熔体温度为720℃时获得最佳的细化效果,随着熔体温度的升高细化效果有所衰退,但衰退速度较慢;在加入Al-5Ti的同时加入Al-4B中间合金可明显提高Al-5Ti的晶粒细化效果和抗高温衰退能力,但效果不如电解加钛加Al-4B中间合金;Al-5Ti-1B中间合金具有最强的抗高温衰退能力,随着熔体温度的升高,晶粒不但不粗化反而有所下降,当熔体温度高于900℃时,才出现衰退现象.对试验结果及晶粒细化机制进行了分析.     

内氧化制备Cu/Al2O3弥散强化铜的组织性能研究

实验用Cu2O粉作氧化剂,采用简化的内氧化法工艺,在900℃下使Cu-Al合金薄平板内氧化,获得Cu/Al2O3复合材料。研究不同氧化时间(3、6、10 h)下的Cu/Al2O3复合材料的组织特征及性能。研究表明:复合层中Al2O3颗粒呈弥散状分布;复合层表面和内部的晶粒大小明显不同,由于表面Al2O3析出较早,阻止晶粒的充分长大;表面晶粒较小,表面硬度随时间延长而升高。