液相化学还原法制备不同形貌的多晶纳米镍

采用液相化学还原法,在1,2-丙二醇体系中,分别使用吐温-80（Tween-80）、聚乙二醇-6000（PEG-6000）和十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）与聚乙二醇-6000（PEG-6000）的混合物作为修饰剂,利用1,2-丙二醇还原相同母体醋酸镍,制备形貌分别为海绵体、纤维状、雪花状的多晶纳米镍;在水体系中,使用SDS为修饰剂,利用水合肼还原相同母体醋酸镍,制备球形多晶纳米镍。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）对纳米镍进行表征。利用傅立叶红外（FTIR）分析初步解释不同形貌纳米镍的形成机理。     

Reactivity study and kinetic evaluation of CuO-based oxygen carriers modified by three different ores in chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) process

In the chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) process,CuO is a promising material due to the high oxygen carrier capacity and exothermic reaction in fuel reactor but limited by the low melting point.The combustion rate of carbon is faster than the decoupling rate of oxygen carrier (OC).Hence,high tem-perature tolerance and rapid oxygen release rate of CuO modified by three different ores were investi-gated in this study.The kinetics analysis of oxygen decoupling with Cu-based oxygen carriers was also evaluated.Results showed that CuO modified by chrysolite had faster oxygen release rate than that of CuO.Limestone showed obvious positive effect on the oxidization process.The selected OCs could keep stable in at least 20 cycles,for about 1200 min.Shrinking core model (SCM) fitted well for the decoupling process in the temperature range of 1123-1223 K.Reduction rate kinetic information may aid in the development of chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) technologies during reactor design and process modeling.Ternary doped copper oxide with chrysolite and limestone could improve the reactivity of CuO in decoupling and coupling process and also improve the high temperature tolerance.     

Effect of supports on the redox performance of pyrite cinder in chemical looping combustion

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a clean and efficient flame-free combustion technology,which combust the fuels by lattice oxygen from a solid oxygen carrier with inherent CO2 capture.The develop-ment of oxygen carriers with low cost and high redox performance is crucial to the whole efficiency of CLC process.As the solid by-product from the sulfuric acid production,pyrite cinder presented excellent redox performance as an oxygen carrier in CLC process.The main components in pyrite cinder are Fe2O3,CaSO4,Al2O3 and SiO2 in which Fe2O3 is the active component to provide lattice oxygen.In order to sys-tematic investigate the functions of supports (CaSO4,Al2O3 and SiO2) in pyrite cinder,three oxygen car-riers (Fe2O3-CaSO4,Fe2O3-Al2O3 and Fe2O3-SiO2) were prepared and evaluated in this study.The results showed that Fe2O3-CaSO4 displayed high redox activity and cycling stability in the multiple redox cycles.However,both Fe2O3-Al2O3 and Fe2O3-SiO2 experienced serious deactivation during redox reactions.It indicated that the inert Fe-Si solid solution (Fe2SiO4) was formed in the spent Fe2O3-SiO2 sample,which decreased the oxygen carrying capacity of this sample.The XPS results showed that the oxygen species on the surface of Fe2O3-CaSO4 could be fully recovered after the 20 redox cycles.It can be concluded that CaSO4 is the key to the high redox activity and cycling stability of pyrite cinder.     

Gurum Seeds: A Potential Source of Edible Oil

Cucurbitaceae family seeds are mostly discarded as agro-industrial wastes. Gurum (Citrullus lanatus var. colocynthoide) is an underutilized wild cucurbit plant, closely related to desert watermelon, which is grown abundantly in some African countries. Gurum seeds can play a significant role in health and nutrition due to their high oil content. This review describes the nutritional composition of gurum seeds and their oil profile. Gurum seeds are a good source of oil (27–35.5%), fiber (26–31%), crude protein (15–18%), and carbohydrates (14–17%). Gurum seeds oil is extracted by supercritical CO₂ (SFE), screw press, and solvent extraction techniques. The gurum seeds oil is composed of unsaturated fatty acids with a high proportion of linoleic acid (C18:2) and oleic acid (C18:1). Gurum seeds oil contains various bioactive compounds, such as tocopherols, phytosterols, and polyphenols. It is reported that solvent extraction gives a higher yield than the screw press and SFE, but the SFE is preferred due to safety issues. More studies are required for producing better quality gurum seeds oil by using novel extraction techniques that can increase oil yield.     

Adsorption Mechanism and Electrochemical Properties of Methyl Blue onto Magnetic CoxCu(1–x)Fe2O4 Nanoparticles Prepared via an Alcohol Solution of Nitrate Combustion and Calcination Process

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - Magnetic CoxCu(1–x)Fe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared via an alcohol solution of nitrate combustion and calcination process....     

Facile Modification of Biochar Derived from Agricultural Straw Waste with Effective Adsorption and Removal of Phosphorus from Domestic Sewage

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - In recent decades, straw waste is the major byproduct around agriculture that has become one of the factors of environmental...     

Electrodeposition Polyaniline Nanofiber on the PEDOT:PSS-Coated SiNWs for High Performance Supercapacitors

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - In this article, a novel silicon-based electrode was designed with the facile solution methods. With the modification of highly...     

有机凝胶-热分解法制备MgO，Al2O3，MgAl2O4微细纤维

以柠檬酸、乳酸及金属盐为原料，采用有机凝胶-热分解法制备了微细氧化镁、 α-氧化铝和尖晶石结构铝酸镁纤维。所得纤维结构致密、晶粒细小，直径可小于1μm，长径比大。通过FTIR，XRD，DSC及SEM对纤维前驱体凝胶的结构、热分解过程及热处理产物的形貌进行了表征。凝胶的可纺性与组成凝胶的羧酸盐分子结构、羧酸和金属离子的摩尔比等因素有关。柠檬酸和乳酸中的羧基分别以单齿配位于Mg^2＋和Al^3＋可能形成线性分子[（C6H6O7）2Mg3]，[（C3H5O3）3Al]和[（C6H6O7）4MgAl2]，由这些线性分子组成的凝胶显示出了良好的可纺性。     

Al-K2ZrF6体系熔体反应法合成复合材料的微观组织和力学性能

开发了Al-K2ZrF6体系熔体反应法合成原位铝基复合材料，采用XRD，SEM和TEM分析了复合材料中相组成、微观组织和界面结构。实验结果表明：合成的增强相为Al3Zr颗粒，常规金属型铸造的复合材料中其尺寸在3μm～4μm左右，一般成聚集态分布，颗粒形貌基本为长方体状：该复合材料经重熔快淬成形后，颗粒尺寸减小，基本为粒状，并弥散分布于基体上。Al3Zr／Al复合材料的界面结构研究表明，Al3Zr颗粒与Al存在一定的晶体学位向关系：[^-2^-21]Al3Zr∥[100]Al，（012）Al3Zr∥（1^-10）Al，其点阵错位度仅为10．87％，这表明Al3Zr颗粒可作为基体Al相的形核衬底。Al3Zr／Al复合材料的力学性能测试显示，当Al3Zr颗粒体积分数为11.2％时，抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为148．7MPa和110．2MPa，而且Al3Zr／Al复合材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度均随颗粒体积分数增加显著提高。     

化学强化生物除磷工艺及设计

本文介绍了一种新的化学强化生物除磷工艺及其设计实例，与Phostrip侧流除磷工艺相比，其工艺优势在于所有污泥均经释磷和厌氧选择处理，通过化学沉积释放的磷，从而消除了在污泥处置过程中产生的磷释放回到污水处理系统的问题；所有回流污泥经厌氧选择处理，含有较高浓度聚磷菌类微生物，从而具有较高的除磷效率。