填料强化A/O工艺处理小城镇污水的实验研究

通过向模拟A/O生化池中投加填料强化该工艺处理小城镇污水的处理效果.结果表明,当O段溶解氧的质量浓度控制在2?3 mg/L,温度控制在28℃,进水pH在7.2～7.8的条件下,该工艺的优化水力停留时间为8 h、污泥回流体积比为20％,模拟装置在该优化工况下运行时,对COD、NH4+-N及TP的平均去除率分别为91.1％...     

Development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the rapid detection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Staphylococcus aureus</Emphasis> in food

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus in food was developed and evaluated. Heat-stable nuclease (nuc) gene was the target sequence amplified by LAMP. LAMP includes primer design, amplification at 64 °C, macroscopic observation, and estimation of the results. The LAMP detection of S. aureus was sensitive up to 1.25 CFU per reaction tube, with a detection limit of 10.3 CFU per reaction tube in the artificial contamination test, and the experiment took less than 1 h. Sensitivity of the method in Staphylococcus aureus detection was 100%, with 97.93% specificity and a 98.5% match ratio when compared using Chinese National Standard. The LAMP method is superior to the Chinese National Standard method in terms of sensitivity, cost, testing time, and convenience.     

近红外光谱技术在快速鉴别真伪小磨香油中的应用

为实现对掺伪小磨香油的快速鉴别,本文采集了小磨香油样品的近红外吸收光谱,经二阶导数+矢量归一化预处理,17点移动式平均平滑后,选择光谱范围为9 000 cm-1～4 500 cm-1,利用合格性测试和主成分分析法(PCA)建立了小磨香油的鉴别模型,并取样对该模型验证.结果表明:两种模式识别方法对于掺假量10%～90%的小磨香油的真伪识别率均为100%.因此认为,采用近红外光谱结合模式识别技术结合可快速、准确地鉴别小磨香油真伪.     

应用模糊数学法评判韭菜酱的发酵成熟时间

为确定韭菜酱发酵的成熟时间,以感官评定对不同发酵时间的韭菜酱的色泽、形态、风味、口感进行评分,利用模糊数学法对感官评价结果进行统计分析,并结合韭菜酱在发酵过程中pH值的变化,得出韭菜酱发酵成熟的时间为常温7d.     

响应面优化莲藕多酚提取工艺及其生物活性研究

以莲藕为原料,在单因素试验基础上,利用响应面分析优化莲藕多酚提取工艺条件,并测定其抗氧化、降血糖和降尿酸活性.结果 表明:莲藕多酚提取最优工艺参数为液料比22∶1(mL/g)、提取温度53℃、提取时间41 min,在此条件下多酚提取量为(359.55±1.20)mg/100 g.体外抗氧化活性结果显示,1,1-二苯基-...     

无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板在汽车中的应用

目的降低汽车生产成本,提高汽车生产效率。方法采用平板拉延法测定无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板与普通热镀锌板等在拉延过程中摩擦系数,分析其随时间变化的趋势;采用SEM观察拉延后各钢板的表面形貌差异;采用拉深试验对比无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板与普通热镀锌板的最大拉深力和最大杯高;采用模拟焊接法对比两者的可焊电流区间、可焊电流宽度、最大剪切力和纽扣直径;采用随车挂片的方法对比两者的磷化、电泳性能。即分别评价无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板和普通热镀锌板在冲压、焊接、涂装性能的差异性。结果冲压性能方面,无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板的摩擦系数较普通热镀锌板降低23%,且微区表面与其他工艺表面的钢板相比几乎无磨损、划伤存在。拉深试验中最大拉深力下降4.5%,最大杯高增加9.5%,无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板具有更优的冲压性能。焊接性能方面,前者较后者的可焊电流区间下降0.6 k A,可焊电流宽度都为1.2 k A,前者的最大剪切力为2.75 k N,后者剪切力为2.6 k N,前者的纽扣直径为5.8 mm,后者的纽扣直径为5.2 mm,焊接性能相差不大。涂装性能方面,前者磷化膜重为3.12 g/mm~2,后者磷化膜重为3.09 g/mm~2,磷化性能相当,且两者的电泳膜性能试验全部通过。经试冲500次发现,无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板可有效防止模具粘锌。结论无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板和普通热镀锌板相比,有更优的冲压性能,焊接、涂装性能相当,且能有效改善锌层脱落。而且,无机固体润滑处理热镀锌板替换普通热镀锌板,可降低整车生产成本,提高生产效率。     

稀土复合微合金化对A356.2铝合金组织与性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸试验机等分析手段研究了多元稀土元素复合添加对A356.2铝合金微观组织及力学性能的影响,并与添加Al-Ti-B和Al-Sr的A356.2微观组织及力学性能进行了对比.结果 表明,在多种元素复合添加后,A356.2铝合金的细化和变质效果均较添加A1-Sr、Al-Ti-B时要好,含Fe相也从针...     

Thermal degradation and flame retardance of epoxy resins containing a microencapsulated flame retardant

Two steps were used in the synthesis of a microencapsulated intumescent flame retardant (MIFR). First bis (1‐oxo‐2,6,7‐trioxa‐l‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐4‐methylol) phosphate melaminium salt (Melabis) was synthesized. Then the Melabis was encapsulated with melamine resin to obtain the MIFR. Its structure was characterized by XPS, SEM, and elemental analysis, and the factors affecting microencapsulation were identified and discussed. Epoxy resins (EP) were modified with the MIFR to prepare flame‐retardant EP, whose flammability and burning behavior were characterized by UL 94 and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests. The microcapsules (20% by weight) were added to EP in order to achieve an LOI of 29.5% and a UL 94 rating of V‐0. The thermal properties of epoxy resins containing the MIFR were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermogravimetry (DTG). The FR decreased by weight loss, R_max (the maximum weight loss rate), and the thermal stability of EP while promoting the formation of an effective charring layer. The char structures were studied by SEM. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

不同杀菌剂对祁山药炭疽病菌室内毒力及田间药效

[目的]筛选出防治祁山药炭疽病菌的有效化学药剂。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定11种杀菌剂对祁山药炭疽病菌的抑制作用,并进行了5种药剂对祁山药炭疽病的田间药效试验。[结果]室内毒力测定结果表明:咪鲜胺、氟硅唑、吡唑醚菌酯、丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑这5种杀菌剂对炭疽病菌的抑菌效果好,其EC50值分别为0.0249、0.0378、0.0406、0.3941、1.2812 mg/L。田间试验结果表明咪鲜胺的防治效果最好,防效高达85.13%。[结论]为药剂混配和防治炭疽病提供药剂筛选的理论依据。     

辣椒疫霉对杀菌剂抗药性研究进展

综述了近年来国内外辣椒疫霉菌对苯基酰胺类、甲氧基丙烯酸酯类、丙烯酰胺类内吸性杀菌剂的抗药性发生现状、抗药机理、抗药遗传等方面的研究进展.对辣椒疫霉菌抗药性研究和制定抗药性治理对策以及化学防治具有一定的参考价值,同时指出了今后的研究方向和发展前景.