高校自主管理权与大学生受教育权的冲突及平衡

阐述了高校自主管理权的内涵，高校行使自主管理权的法律依据、必要性与合理性；大学生受教育权的含义和内容；分析了高校自主管理权与大学生受教育权的冲突原因；指出了平衡高校自主管理权与大学生受教育权的途径．     

FPGA中低噪声CCD时序驱动电路设计

在分析Toshiba公司TCD1209D型CCD工作原理的基础上,分析了驱动时序的关系,详细介绍了驱动电路的设计和实现方法.用Verilog语言设计了TCD 1209D的驱动时序控制电路;选用CyclonelⅣ系列FPGA器件,使用QuartusⅡ软件对设计电路进行了功能仿真,实现了TCD1209D的高速时序驱动;在CycloneⅣ芯片平台上测试了TCD 1209D的实际输出信号.实验结果显示,CCD信号噪声较小,验证了所设计驱动电路的可行性,确定了相关双采样的时刻和位置,为小型CCD测量系统的设计提供了有益参考.     

Manifold Constrained Transfer of Facial Geometric Knowledge for 3D Caricature Reconstruction

3D caricatures are important attractive elements of the interface in virtual environment such as online game. However, very limited 3D caricatures exist in the real world. Meanwhile, creating 3D caricatures manually is rather costly, and even professional skills are needed. This paper proposes a novel and effective manifold transfer algorithm to reconstruct 3D caricatures according to their original 2D caricatures. We first manually create a small dataset with only 100 3D caricature models and use them to initialize the whole 3D dataset. After that, manifold transfer algorithm is carried out to refine the dataset. The algorithm comprises of two steps. The first is to perform manifold alignment between 2D and 3D caricatures to get a "standard" manifold map; the second is to reconstruct all the 3D caricatures based on the manifold map. The proposed approach utilizes and transfers knowledge of 2D caricatures to the target 3D caricatures well. Comparative experiments show that the approach reconstructs 3D caricatures more effectively and the results conform more to the styles of the original 2D caricatures than the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) based method.     

用于血糖无创检测的葡萄糖传感器研究

研制一种新型葡萄糖传感器,初步实现用于反离子电渗透技术提取皮下组织液的葡萄糖的浓度测量。用铁氰化钾作为电子媒介体,固定在聚环氧乙烷凝胶里的葡萄糖氧化酶与溶液中的葡萄糖催化氧化生成葡萄糖酸和亚铁氰化钾,通过检测该反应产生的氧化还原电流的大小来计算葡萄糖溶液的浓度。新型葡萄糖传感器的检测浓度范围2～22 mmol/L内线性度较好,传感器的一致性测试表明:同一传感器多次测量的偏差不超过2%,反应时间较短,接近于1 s。     

Reliable synthesis of bismuth nanoparticles for heavy metal detection

A reliable and facile pathway is described here for preparing high-quality bismuth nanoparticles. Combined with hydrothermal method and confined growing effect of polymer, bismuth nanoparticles with uniform size and shape were obtained with remarkable productivity. The nanoparticles is proved to be pure Rhombohedral structure Bi crystals with R-3m space group and the diameter of the nanoparticles is about 80 nm with a quite narrow particle size distribution. Those bismuth nanoparticles were predicted to grow from a rolling process by sheet-like Bi nanocrystal intermediates. The obtained bismuth nanoparticles were used to prepare modified electrode for the detection of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in water solution by stripping analysis. Compared with naked glassy carbon electrodes, the modified electrode showed two obvious responses at −0.85 V and −0.62 V, corresponding to the reduction process of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ and this well-resolved stripping response can be observed when the concentration is as low as 10 μg/L, indicating potential application in electroanalysis for environmental inspection.     

Estimation of instantaneous local heat transfer coefficient in spark-ignition engines

Optimizing heat transfer for internal combustion engines requires application of advanced development tools. In addition to experimental method, numerical 3D-CFD calculations are needed in order to obtain an insight into the complex phenomenas in-cylinder processes. In this context, fluid flow and heat transfer inside a four-valve engine cylinder is modeled and effects of changing engine speed on dimensionless parameters, instantaneous local Nusselt number and Reynolds number near the surface of combustion chamber are studied. Based on the numerical simulation new correlations for instantaneous local heat transfer on the combustion chamber of SI engines are derived. Results for several engine speeds are compared for total heat transfer coefficient of the cylinder engine with available correlation proposed by experimental measurements and a close agreement is observed. It is found that the local value of heat transfer coefficient varies considerably in different parts of the cylinder, but it has equivalent trend with crank angle position.     

On the double-layer structure of the boundary layer adjacent to a sidewall of a differentially heated cavity

This study is concerned with the transition of the boundary layer adjacent to a sidewall of a differentially heated cavity to a double-layer structure and with the important flow and heat transfer features of the double-layer structure. The transition to the double-layer structure is examined by comparing numerical and experimental results. The mechanism responsible for the formation of the double-layer structure, i.e. the stratification of the fluid in the core, is discussed. Detailed discussion of the energy balance adjacent to the sidewall reveals that the heat transfer in the double-layer structure is rather complex. There is an opposing horizontal thermal diffusion within the double-layer structure.     

A comparative study on the tribological behaviors of nitrided and sulfur-nitrided 35CrMo steel lubricated in PAO base oil with MoDTC additive

A nitrided layer on 35CrMo steel was prepared by the ion nitriding process, and then a sulfur-nitrided layer was obtained by low temperature ion sulfuration. The results showed that both the nitrided and sulfur-nitrided surfaces improved the wear resistance efficiently under PAO lubrication, and exhibited the best wear resistance and friction-reducing property under PAO with 0.75% MoDTC lubrication. Compared with the plain and nitrided surfaces, the sulfur-nitrided surface exhibited the best synergistic effect with MoDTC displaying the lowest friction coefficient and wear volume. The mechanism of the best effect was due to MoS₂ and FeS formed on the sulfur-nitrided surface.     

身管弹膛和线膛同锻时下沉段皱褶试验研究及其预测

身管弹膛和线膛同锻技术可用径向精锻工艺同时锻出弹膛和线膛,将彻底解决身管弹膛和线膛的同轴度问题,改善坡膛部位的表面粗糙度。为提高身管内膛的加工质量,以身管弹膛和线膛同锻为对象,研究下沉段和锻造段产生的褶皱以及演变情况。通过对身管径向锻打试验和形貌试验分析处理,发现弹膛和线膛同锻时：下沉段将会产生褶皱,并且褶皱随着变形的增加,深度不断加深;当进入锻造段后,部分皱褶被打平,变成了身管微裂纹。应用有限元分析软件Abaqus对身管锻打过程进行仿真,发现锻打过程中下沉段径向应变ε_r和周向应变ε_θ的比值[SX(]ε_r[]ε_θ[SX)]为定值,不同锻打工艺参数下应变比值不同。研究结果表明：身管下沉段单次锻打产生的褶皱深度Δd_w可以用径向应变ε_r和周向应变ε_θ的比值[SX(]ε_r[]ε_θ[SX)]来表示,拟合的关系式为Δd_w=0.058 8[SX(]ε_r[]ε_θ[SX)]+0.052 1;结合锻打所需的锤数可以预测出下沉段结束位置的皱褶深度,皱褶深度的预测有助于防止褶皱在锻造段挤压形成锻造身管的微裂纹。