湿法脱硫烟气湿排问题分析

目前国内湿法烟气脱硫普遍采用烟气再热器(GGH)提高出口烟温，但加装GGH会使系统复杂化并增加投资及运行费用。为探求烟气湿排的可行性，研究解决烟气湿排中的相关问题，文中利用数值模拟技术，对烟气直接排放(取消GGH)时烟囱内的流场，烟羽扩散情况进行了数值模拟研究；对烟气湿排中的腐蚀问题、烟囱内的压力分布、烟气的抬升高度等问题进行了计算分析。数值计算与分析表明，湿烟囱排放会增强对烟囱的腐蚀性，需采用特殊的防腐处理；湿烟囱直接排放会降低烟气抬升高度，不利于扩散；为减少烟流下洗，增强扩散，应保证烟气的出口动量；湿烟气各项排放指标能满足环保要求。总之，设计合理的湿烟囱，湿烟气直接排放可大大降低WFGD系统的设备投资和运行费用，是完全可行的。     

基于FPGA的三相电流型PWM整流器过调制策略的研究

研究了一种适合于三相电流型PWM整流器(CSR)的过调制方法，该过调制方法是对电流型空间矢量调制(SVPWM)线性调制区的连续扩展。该方法通过判断扇区电流矢量作用时间的长短来选择有效矢量并修正其作用时间，不需要预先存储大量的数据，也不需要复杂的控制算法，具有计算简单，消耗软硬件资源少的特点，非常适合于采用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)作为控制器来完成数字化实现。采用这种简单的过调制策略可以扩大电流型整流器的直流输出电压范围，进而提高整流器的动态响应能力和满足一些特定负载的要求。仿真和实验研究都表明该设计不仅有满意的动、静态性能，而且在较大的直流电压变化范围内都可以保持单位功率因数和较小的交流输入谐波THD。     

Preliminary Design of a Harmonic-doubling Gyrotron Traveling Wave Amplifier

This study proposes a Ka-band harmonic-doubling gyrotron traveling-wave amplifier (gyro- TWT), using distributed wall losses in the input stage and mode-selective interaction circuit in the output stage, to improve the stability of the amplification. Based on a large signal simulation code, a saturated peak power of 163 kW with an efficiency of 15.5%, a gain of 31.1 dB, and a 3 dB bandwidth of 0.9 GHz is predicted for the gyro-TWT driven by 70 kV, 15 A electron beam with a velocity ratio of 1.2 and velocity spread 5% at 33.2 GHz.     

Error analysis and minimum bound method for atmospheric remote sensing

In this study, we present an error analysis for Tikhonov regularization in a semi-stochastic setting. The analysis is carried out in such a way that it can be applied to any kind of inverse problem in atmospheric remote sensing. A method for selecting the optimal regularization parameter relying on the minimization of an estimator of the bound of the error between the first iterate and the exact solution is also discussed. Numerical simulations are performed for NO₂ retrieval from SCIAMACHY limb scatter measurements.     

Performance metrics and ontologies for Grid workflows

Many Grid workflow middleware services require knowledge about the performance behavior of Grid applications/services in order to effectively select, compose, and execute workflows in dynamic and complex Grid systems. To provide performance information for building such knowledge, Grid workflow performance tools have to select, measure, and analyze various performance metrics of workflows. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive study of performance metrics which can be used to evaluate the performance of a workflow executed in the Grid. Moreover, given the complexity of both Grid systems and workflows, semantics of essential performance-related concepts and relationships, and associated performance data in Grid workflows should be well described. In this paper, we analyze performance metrics that performance monitoring and analysis tools should provide during the evaluation of the performance of Grid workflows. Performance metrics are associated with multiple levels of abstraction. We introduce an ontology for describing performance data of Grid workflows and illustrate how the ontology can be utilized for monitoring and analyzing the performance of Grid workflows.     

声波在锅炉换热器管阵列中的传播特性研究

基于对炉内单排和双排换热器管阵列声传播特性的研究基础,分析多排管阵列对声波的反射、透射和衍射机理;利用数学推理方法和迭代过程给出计算炉内多排管阵列声透射与反射系数的数学模型,研究多排换热器管阵列的声透射特性,揭示炉内多排管阵列的声反射与透射系数随声波频率、管排数和管阵列结构参数的变化关系;并在炉内实际温度下对声透射系数进行数值计算,为锅炉管道泄漏检测技术提供理论依据.     

基于图片的变电站设备信息管理系统

从分析电力设备信息管理的现状和发展需求入手,根据图片形象化和便于采集的特点,提出了基于图片的设备信息管理系统。系统采用B/S结构保证实时性,在MVC架构的基础上使业务逻辑和显示逻辑分离增强了扩展性;提出了矩阵不变法,根据每类设备的矩阵信息来识别不同类的设备图片;采用Blob技术管理图片,针对JDBC的Blob接口编程,实现对图片的存储和显示;设置了数据库连接池,对TCP连接数进行限制并对数据库操作起到了缓冲作用。系统包括初选、管理、查询、变电站一次地图和故障管理等模块,实现了每一个模块的功能,系统运行良好,为电力设备信息管理提供了新的方法和途径。     

计及控制功能失效的微电网信息物理系统可靠性评估

对隔离型微电网内各个微源的协调控制很大程度上依赖安全可靠的信息系统,信息元件随机故障将通过控制功能失效进而影响微电网的可靠性。本文提出一种计及频率控制影响的隔离型微电网可靠性建模与评估方法。首先根据隔离型微电网集中式频率控制方法及信息失效对频率控制模式的影响,建立了信息物理间接影响耦合关系;其次基于隔离型微电网调频模型,提出了元件故障后果量化评估方法;定义了新的微电网可靠性指标,以表征控制失效对系统可靠性的影响,并采用基于频率控制仿真的序贯蒙特卡罗模拟法对隔离型微电网信息物理系统可靠性进行了评估。算例仿真分析了信息元件失效通过频率控制对隔离型微电网可靠性的影响,验证了本文所提指标、模型和方法的正确性。研究成果可为隔离型微电网的规划和运行提供有效技术支撑。     

基于综合重要度的电网关键线路辨识方法

更加精准快速识别出电网关键线路，对提高电网运行的稳定程度以及预防电网连锁故障具有重要意义。文章首先基于复杂网络理论提出改进潮流介数指标，从结构角度判别系统受到功率扰动后线路的脆弱程度；然后基于熵理论，提出计及线路负载率的加权潮流转移熵指标，克服原有指标中只考虑转移潮流分布均匀性的不足；最后建立包括以上2种指标的综合重要度评估指标，更加全面地衡量线路在电力系统中的重要程度。通过对IEEE 39节点系统进行仿真，得出了不同攻击方式下系统的改进网络传输效率变化曲线图，证明了综合重要度指标的有效性，对预防电力系统连锁故障具有重要意义。     

High thermal conductivity of flexible polymer composites due to synergistic effect of multilayer graphene flakes and graphene foam

Research on flexible thermal interface materials (TIMs) has shown that the interconnected network of graphene foam (GF) offers effective paths of heat transportation. In this work, a variant amount of multilayer graphene flakes (MGFs) was added into 0.2 vol% GF/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite. A remarkable synergistic effect between MGF and GF in improving thermal conductivity of polymer composites is achieved. With 2.7 vol% MGFs, the thermal conductivity of MGF/GF/PDMS composite reaches 1.08 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, which is 80%, 184% and 440% higher than that of 2.7 vol% MGF/PDMS, GF/PDMS composites and pure PDMS, respectively. The MGF/GF/PDMS composite also shows superior thermal stability. The addition of MGFs and GF decreases slightly the elongation at break, but observably increases the Young’s modulus and tensile strength of composites compared with pure PDMS. The good performance of MGF/GF/PDMS composite makes it a good TIM for possible application in thermal management of electronics.