窄间隙P-GMAW多信息融合侧壁熔合状态识别研究

窄间隙焊缝坡口间距小且焊道较深,摆动中心与焊缝中心偏差较大时,坡口两侧侧壁受热不良,易发生未熔合缺陷。为了及时了解窄间隙侧壁熔合情况,掌握侧壁内部焊接质量,本文提出了一种基于BP神经网络和D-S证据理论的多信息融合方法,预测侧壁熔合状态。对窄间隙焊接未熔合缺陷产生机制进行了分析,研究发现焊接电弧信号和熔池变化与侧壁成形质量存在密切关系,为此进行了一系列偏差实验,建立了电弧电信号和电弧熔池图像信号的实时采集系统,采用批量特征提取算法,提取了与侧壁熔合状态密切关联的峰值电流、峰值电压、电弧弧长、熔池长宽比、熔池面积和熔池周长等特征参量。采用BP算法训练神经网络,在此基础上通过D-S证据理论进行决策级融合。实验结果表明,该模型识别率可达96.667%,避免了神经网络识别时的误诊,获得了比单一传感信息更好的预测结果,提高了熔合状态识别的准确度和可靠度。     

双丝三电弧焊热源优化及数值模拟

为研究双丝三电弧焊焊接温度散布规律,根据其电弧形态和脉冲频率建立了适用于双丝三电弧焊接的体+面热源,并根据焊丝的倾角对其进行了旋转计算,利用有限元技术模拟了6 mm厚Q235碳素钢的双丝三电弧焊焊接温度场,通过遗传算法对其热源参数进行了迭代优化,提高了计算效率。计算结果表明：温度场呈长椭圆状分布,且最高温度和最大温度梯度都出现在R弧热源处,其原因是此处同时积累了R弧电弧热量和L弧焊后凝固时的热量;有限元模型温度场与实验温度场结果对比吻合度较高,其结果可为拓展双丝三电弧焊的应用和优化工艺参数提供仿真基础。     

Constructing the Bayesian network structure from dependencies implied in multiple relational schemas

Relational models are the most common representation of structured data, and acyclic database theory is important in relational databases. In this paper, we propose the method for constructing the Bayesian network structure from dependencies implied in multiple relational schemas. Based on the acyclic database theory and its relationships with probabilistic networks, we are to construct the Bayesian network structure starting from implied independence information instead of mining database instances. We first give the method to find the maximum harmoniousness subset for the multi-valued dependencies on an acyclic schema, and thus the most information of conditional independencies can be retained. Further, aiming at multi-relational environments, we discuss the properties of join graphs of multiple 3NF database schemas, and thus the dependencies between separate relational schemas can be obtained. In addition, on the given cyclic join dependency, the transformation from cyclic to acyclic database schemas is proposed by virtue of finding a minimal acyclic augmentation. An applied example shows that our proposed methods are feasible.     

基于云平台的温室精细管理系统研究

为了解决温室用户种植农作物时间不足、经验缺乏以及温室集群管理问题,设计了一款基于云平台的温室精细管理系统。用户可以通过云平台计算机技术远程地获取温室信息并控制相应执行机构对温室进行控制。用户也可以通过模糊控制系统来指导农作物的智能种植,实现农作物种植的一键管理。同时用户还可以通过云平台实现对温室群环境参数的采集和分析、管理和控制。实验结果表明,设计的温室精细管理系统是可行的、有效的。     

A Piecewise Grey System Model for Study the Effects of Anthropogenic Activities on Karst Hydrological Processes

Sustainable groundwater development must rely on a good understanding of hydrological processes, especially under effects of anthropogenic activities. This paper develops a piecewise analysis based on grey system model for study effects of anthropogenic activities on hydrological processes. The time series of precipitation and spring discharge were segmented into three time periods depending on whether variations are due to climate variation: the predevelopment stage, the transition stage, and the new equilibrium stage. Then we modeled hydrological process of the predevelopment stage and new equilibrium stage by the grey system model. By comparing the model results, we can quantify the effects of human activities on hydrological processes. We applied the model to Liulin Springs China. The results indicated that the hydraulic response time of the spring discharge to precipitation from the predevelopment stage to the new equilibrium stage, ranges from less than 1 year to up to 4 years. The results revealed that human activities slow the groundwater flow. GM (1,N) models of Liulin Springs discharge showed that the driving coefficients of precipitation to the spring discharge decreased from 0.012272 in the predevelopment stage to 0.007753 in the new equilibrium stage, which means that groundwater recharge ability has reduced about 36.82 %. Human activities in Liulin Springs have drastically changed the groundwater system. Piecewise grey system model is a robust method for hydrological process simulation.     

Adaptive dynamic CMAC neural control of nonlinear chaotic systems with L2 tracking performance

The advantage of using cerebellar model articulation control (CMAC) network has been well documented in many applications. However, the structure of a CMAC network which will influence the learning performance is difficult to select. This paper proposes a dynamic structure CMAC network (DSCN) which the network structure can grow or prune systematically and their parameters can be adjusted automatically. Then, an adaptive dynamic CMAC neural control (ADCNC) system which is composed of a computation controller and a robust compensator is proposed via second-order sliding-mode approach. The computation controller containing a DSCN identifier is the principal controller and the robust compensator is designed to achieve L₂ tracking performance with a desired attenuation level. Moreover, a proportional–integral (PI)-type adaptation learning algorithm is derived to speed up the convergence of the tracking error in the sense of Lyapunov function and Barbalat’s lemma, thus the system stability can be guaranteed. Finally, the proposed ADCNC system is applied to control a chaotic system. The simulation results are demonstrated that the proposed ADCNC scheme can achieve a favorable control performance even under the variations of system parameters and initial point.     

锆钛酸铅95/5薄膜的介电性能与弛豫特征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备锆钛酸铅95/5（PZT95/5）薄膜,通过分析介电温度谱、介电频谱研究薄膜的介电性能.研究结果表明：介电常数-温度曲线ε（T）的相变峰随着频率的增加而逐渐变得平坦.同时,介电常数倒数与温度曲线ε-1（T）在高频不符合居里外斯定律;采用普适弛豫定律公式,对不同温度下的介电频谱曲线ε（f）进行拟合,得到弥散系数随着温度的变化曲线,该曲线在铁电-顺电转变以及反铁电-铁电转变这两个特征温度附近出现异常,结合材料反铁电-铁电-顺电相变的微观结构变化规律对此现象进行了讨论.     

空心聚合物微球的合成

采用St觟ver方法得到表面带有羟基的二氧化硅(SiO2)微球;再用3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)对其进行表面改性,在SiO2微球表面修饰双键;以丙烯酸(AA)为单体,二乙烯基苯(DVB)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,采用蒸馏沉淀聚合法合成酸性有机壳层无机核微球;用氢氟酸将内层的SiO2微球刻蚀掉,成功制得空心的聚合物微球.     

改进的RFID室内定位算法

针对射频识别定位系统中RSSI线性定位算法的边界标签定位精度低问题,提出了一种改进的算法.该算法在边缘区域布置参考标签,并在这些布置参考标签的区域采用LANDMARC算法,而其它区域仍采用RSSI线性定位算法.使用MATLAB软件对算法进行仿真,结果表明:针对边界区域的定位标签,改进的算法比RSSI线性定位算法具有更好的定位精度,提高了整体定位区域的定位准确性;与LANDMARC算法相比,改进的算法由于使用较少的参考标签,所以降低了成本并且减少了算法的运行时间,从而提高了定位系统的实时性.     

酸处理和热处理对氧化铝/石英复合纤维性能的影响

以AlCl3.6H2O、金属Al粉、乳酸和H2O为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备勃姆石溶胶,将采用稀硫酸预处理后的石英纤维浸渍在勃姆石溶胶中,取出干燥后进行热处理可制备出氧化铝/石英复合纤维,并研究酸处理和热处理对其性能的影响,研究结果表明:在98℃的6%稀硫酸溶液中浸泡1 h的预处理效果最佳,既能有效除去石英纤维表面的有机浸润剂,又有较高的强度保留率;在250℃热处理后得到的复合纤维性能最好,与石英纤维相比,氧化铝/石英复合纤维的拉伸强度提高1.5倍,耐碱蚀性提高3倍左右.