利用植被覆盖度-地表温度特征空间提取厦门市土壤湿度信息

土壤湿度是水文学、气象学以及农业科学研究领域的一个重要参数。利用1989年和1996年两个时相Landsat TM遥感卫星影像来获取厦门的植被覆盖度和地表温度,并由此构建了植被覆盖度和地表温度组成的特征空间,最后利用该特征空间反演了土壤湿度,并分析湿度在两个时相中的变化情况。结果显示,在所研究的时间段内,厦门西南老城区的湿度得到增加。但是在东北部城市建成区扩展的地区,土壤湿度则明显降低。     

Surface Control and Electrical Tuning of MXene Electrode for Flexible Self-Powered Human–Machine Interaction

MXene materials emerge as promising candidates for energy harvesting and storage application. In this study, the effect of the surface chemistry on the work function of MXenes, which determines the performance of MXene-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), is elucidated. First-principles calculations reveal that the surface functional group greatly influences MXene work function:  OH termination reduces the work function with respect to that of bare surface, while  F and  Cl increase it. Then, work functions are experimentally determined by Kelvin probe force microscopy. The MXene prepared by gentle etching at 40 °C for 48 h (GE_40/48) has the largest work function. Furthermore, an electron-cloud potential-well model is established to explain the mechanism of electron emission-dominated charge transfer and assemble a triboelectric device to verify experimentally its conclusions. It is found that GE_40/48 has the best performance with a 281 V open-circuit voltage, 9.7 µA short-current current, and storing 1.019 µC of charge, which is consistent with the model. Last, a patterned TENG is demonstrated for self-powered human–machine interaction application. This finding enhances the understanding of the inherent mechanism between the surface structure and the output performance of MXene-based TENG, which can be applied to other TENG based on 2D materials.     

In Situ Polymerizing Internal Encapsulation Strategy Enables Stable Perovskite Solar Cells toward Lead Leakage Suppression

Despite the outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) achieved over the years, unsatisfactory stability and lead toxicity remain obstacles that limit their competitiveness and large-scale practical deployment. In this study, in situ polymerizing internal encapsulation (IPIE) is developed as a holistic approach to overcome these challenges. The uniform polymer internal package layer constructed by thermally triggered cross-linkable monomers not only solidifies the ionic perovskite crystalline by strong electron-withdrawing/donating chemical sites, but also acts as a water penetration and ion migration barrier to prolong shelf life under harsh environments. The optimized MAPbI₃ and FAPbI₃ devices with IPIE treatment yield impressive efficiencies of 22.29% and 24.12%, respectively, accompanied by remarkably enhanced environmental and mechanical stabilities. In addition, toxic water-soluble lead leakage is minimized by the synergetic effect of the physical encapsulation wall and chemical chelation conferred by the IPIE. Hence, this strategy provides a feasible route for preparing efficient, stable, and eco-friendly PSCs.     

Exploring a Stable and Dense 3D Lead Chloride Hybrid with Emission of Self-Trapped Excitons toward X-Ray Scintillation

The exceptional photophysical properties of 3D organic–inorganic lead halide hybrids (OILHs) endow their significant potential for usage in optoelectronics, which has sparked intense research on novel 3D OILHs and associated applications. However, constructing new 3D OILHs based on large organic cations suffers from tough challenges due to the limitation of the Goldschmidt tolerance factor rule, let alone further explorations of their practical applications. Herein, a brand-new 3D lead chloride hybrid, (1MPZ)Pb₄Cl₁₀·H₂O ( 1 , 1MPZ = 1-methylpiperazine) is reported, featuring a dense 3D lead chloride framework made of the corner-, edge-, and face-shared lead chloride polyhedra. 1 presents a broadband white light emission with a large Stokes shift and a nanosecond photoluminescence lifetime, which originates from radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons (STEs) induced by the highly distorted structure. Such a reabsorption-free and fast-decayed STEs emission coupling with the dense 3D architecture further enables 1 with effective X-ray scintillation with good sensitivity. Impressively, 1 also shows superior environmental and radiation stability. This study provides a new 3D OILH with appealing luminescence, not only expanding the 3D OILH family but also inspiring the exploitation of their optoelectronic applications.     

缓减电压暂降影响的电-气综合能源系统储气装置选址定容方法

针对电力系统故障导致的电压暂降通过电-气耦合设备对系统造成多次影响的问题,提出了一种缓减电压暂降影响的电-气综合能源系统储气装置选址定容方法。分析了电力系统发生电压暂降事件对电-气综合能源系统的影响;基于灵敏度分析提出了天然气系统储气装置选址方法;综合考虑投资成本与效益,以安装储气装置后效益的最大值为目标函数,确定储气装置最佳配置方案。通过对由IEEE 14节点电力系统和11节点天然气系统构成的电-气综合能源系统进行算例分析,验证了该缓减方法的正确性与有效性。     

基于多智体强化学习的多风氢系统联合优化运行

针对多风氢系统联合运行问题,提出一种基于多智体强化学习的多风氢系统联合优化运行方法,使得多风氢系统在有效消纳风电的同时实现联合收益最大化。首先,考虑风电场与制氢加氢站两者间通过合约交易方式联合运行,分别构建各自的运行模型;其次,以多风氢系统联合运行收益最大化为目标建立联合优化运行模型;再者,针对多风氢系统多决策变量导致的维数灾难问题,将多智体引入到强化学习中并采取多决策更新方法加速算法收敛;最后,通过算例仿真验证所提模型的合理性以及方法的可行性。     

一种基于线损迭代的超差智能电能表筛查方法

针对当前智能电能表误差检定存在人工成本高、效率差、覆盖面小等问题,提出一种基于线损迭代的超差智能电表筛查方法。首先,收集待测配电台区一段时间内的日电量数据并进行筛查,标识出轻载、空载电能表的数据。接着利用所提的误差估计模型迭代计算固定损耗、线路损耗以及电能表误差系数。在迭代中,逐步剔除线损率较高和较低的电量数据,使得有效电量数据的线损率集中于一个区间,不仅提高误差估计精度,也可防止有效的数据被误删。最后选择误差系数超出标准值且非轻载和空载的电能表,将其标定为超差表。通过3个不同规模的配电台区电能表数据验证所提方法的有效性,实验结果均证明其能准确地检测出超差电能表。与最小二乘法相比,所提方法的检测准确率明显优于前者。     

一种用于心电信号采集的LCADC

设计了一种适用于心电信号处理的连续时间LCADC电路。电路去掉了传统电压模式的DAC模块,采用了N-bit电流舵DAC,解决了传统电压模式DAC存在的电容漏电问题。该电路包括一个电压至电流转换器、 7-bit电流舵DAC、电平交叉检测模块以及偏移标准补偿模块。 电路采用SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺设计,电源电压为1 V。仿真结果表明,整体电路功耗为8.1 μW @500 Hz。通过MATLAB对数据进行处理,SNDR为53.8 dB @500 Hz,ENOB达到了8.64 bit,输入信号范围内SNDR范围为52.8~63.6 dB,电路功耗范围为7.3~8.5 μW。该电路适用于低频心电信号的采集。     

A heterogeneous multi-attribute case retrieval method based on neutrosophic sets and TODIM for emergency situations

Applied Intelligence - Heterogeneous multi-attribute case retrieval is a crucial step in generating emergency alternatives during the course of emergency decision making (EDM) by referring to...     

基于交往理念的儿童家具设计研究

目的研究促进儿童交往的家具设计,以培养儿童的交往能力为目的,满足他们的情感需要。方法引入交互设计的研究方法,以行为为对象,通过分析儿童不同时期的交往行为特征,总结归纳儿童交往的行为模式,研究儿童、家具、同伴之间的互动,探索儿童交往行为模式下的儿童家具设计的新思路。结论研究儿童交往行为模式下的家具设计更具有适用性,能促进儿童间的交往,为儿童家具设计的发展提供新的借鉴。