300 MW CFB空冷机组冷渣器余热利用系统经济性分析

针对山西平朔煤矸石电厂300 MW CFB空冷机组采用的冷渣器余热利用的现有系统,提出了2个新的方案。通过等效焓降法对不同负荷下的3个方案进行经济性分析,得到了冷渣器与7号低压加热器串联布置为最佳的冷渣器余热利用方案。与现有方案相比,100%负荷时可以降低标煤耗0.12 g/k W·h到0.95 g/k W·h,75%负荷时可以降低标煤耗0.63 g/k W·h到1.32 g/k W·h,50%负荷时可以降低标煤耗1.91 g/k W·h到3.15 g/k W·h。此外,还简要分析了冷却水量和排渣量对冷渣器余热利用的影响。     

硼氢化钠储氢材料的制备与性能研究

利用周期换向脉冲电流电解NaBO2制备配位储氢化合物NaBH4,利用碘量滴定法对电解产物进行定性定量测试,实现了在高碱性浓度范围内通过活性物质添加由偏硼酸钠电化学还原制备硼氢化钠的可能性,以电子作为还原剂代替传统合成方法中的金属钠,该合成工艺绿色环保且成本低廉;对电解获得的硼氢化钠进行水解放氢性能研究,金属配位储氢化合物水解放氢具有安全、装置简单和能量密度高等优点;实验中研究了硼氢化钠水解催化放氢系统,探讨不同体系催化剂、稳定剂等因素对系统放氢性能的影响.通过对制得的异相催化剂成分进行表征,并测得不同条件下催化水解反应速率数据,系统的研究了通过化学掺杂制备的Ni-B和Co-B催化剂的催化性能.     

300MWe循环流化床锅炉SNCR系统优化设计

随着中国最新环保标准的颁布,一部分循环流化床锅炉必须增设烟气脱硝设备以实现氮氧化物(NOx)的达标排放。针对300 MWe等级的大容量循环流化床(CFB)锅炉,从安全保障、技术实现、经济成本等角度详细比较了现有主流脱硝技术——选择性催化还原(SCR)和选择性非催化还原(SNCR)的可用性,并最终选取以尿素溶液作为还原剂的SNCR系统作为推荐方案。通过计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟方法,探究了不同尿素喷嘴布置方式、锅炉负荷等对尿素分布流场、脱硝效率及逃逸率的影响,并建议每部分离器设置10个喷嘴,且竖向均匀布置于分离器进口段内外侧,并给出了该SNCR系统的工艺优化改进建议。     

相邻锅炉一次热风联络技术在CFB锅炉上的应用

针对循环流化床锅炉冷态启动用油量较大的问题,采用两台相邻锅炉一次热风风道联络的方法,实践中利用邻炉一次热风进行锅炉冷态启动,以煤代油缩短锅炉点火投油时间。结果表明:此方法使锅炉冷态启动时的用油量大幅下降,达到了显著的节能效果,并在此基础上展望了一次热风联络技术在锅炉防腐保养、冬季防冻等方面的应用前景。     

位移边界对2D-FGM板热应力影响研究

考虑不同的位移边界条件,建立了常物性2D-FGM板研究模型,并采用有限元法,得到其冷却瞬态热应力场分布图形。位移边界条件对常物性2D-FGM平面区域冷却瞬态热应力分布影响颇大,在简支和一端固定情况下,2D-FGM板自由边界上的热应力σx=0;两端固定情况下,其左右两边界均形成上中下三个应力聚集,应力分布形状和数值都发生了巨大的变化;将四周均设置呈固定约束后,热应力数值增长幅度较两端固定情况时更为明显。此结果为该材料的设计、制备提供了准确的理论计算依据。     

建筑用热轧奥氏体304不锈钢管力学性能

为了解热轧无缝不锈钢管材料性能,分别对取材自奥氏体304 Φ216×16 mm热轧不锈钢管的光滑和缺口圆棒试件进行单调和循环加载两类试验,获取了应力-应变关系及基本材料参数,得到滞回和骨架曲线,标定钢材循环强化参数,并观察了断面微观破坏特征．研究表明:国产热轧不锈钢管加工工艺对中厚管材性影响不大;奥氏体304不锈钢在循环荷载作用下具有良好强化效应和耗能性能;宜采用随动-等向混合强化材料模型描述其行为,所标定循环强化参数可用于复杂应力状态下的数值模拟;不锈钢材微观破坏特征异于普通低合金或低碳钢．     

Effect of curing conditions on the hydration and performance of CFBC ash cementitious system

Circulating fluidized bed combustion （CFBC） ash can be used as supplementary cementitious material for concrete production for its high pozzolanic activity. We investigated the effect of curing conditions on the hydration and performance of CFBC ash-Portland cement system （30： 70, by mass） including hydration products, paste microstructure, linear expansion ratio, chemically combined water content and compressive strength. The results show that tobermorite rather than ettringite is generated under the condition of autoclaved curing. The expansion and mortar strength of the system cured in water is higher than those cured in air at a given age, and the strength and bulk volume may retract under the condition of air curing. In addition, autoclaved curing facilitates the increase of strength gain at early curing ages （the increase rate lowers down in the following ages） and the improvement of system volume stability. It is suggested that sufficient water is necessary for the curing of CFBC ash cementitious system, and autoclaved curing may be considered where volume stability is a primary concern.     

钢管混凝土柱与型钢梁装配式节点抗震试验

为了研究一种新型钢管混凝土柱与型钢梁装配式节点的抗震性能,对不同参数的节点进行低周往复循环加载试验.节点均经历弹性、塑性和极限破坏三个阶段,且为环板与钢梁翼缘的连接处破坏.对比分析表明：节点的轴压比越大,承载力越低;环板越宽,承载力越高;方形环板比圆形环板承载力更高;垫板对节点试件的承载力有提高作用.钢管混凝土柱与型钢梁装配式节点设计合理、传力明确、承载力高、构造简单、施工方便,是一种值得推广的组合装配式节点形式.     

Improved high-rate performance and cycling stability of 1D LiFePO4 nanorods by a facile annealing process

To alleviate the main limitations of lithium ion diffusion rate and poor electronic conductivity for LiFePO4 cathode material, it is desirable to synthesize nano-size LiFePO4 material due to its enhanced electronic and lithium ion transport rates and thus an improved high-rate performance. However, our previous synthesized LiFePO4 nanorods only exhibited low high-rate and slightly unstable cycle performance. Possible reasons are the poor crystallization and Fe2+ oxidation of LiFePO4 nanorods prepared by hydrothermal method. In this paper, LiFePO4 nanorods were simply dealt with at 700 ℃ for 4 h under the protection of Ar and H2 mixture gas. The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/Li cells were investigated by galvanostatic test and cyclic voltammetry(CV). The experimental results indicated that the annealed LiFePO4 nanorods delivered an excellent cycling stability and obviously improved capacity of 150 mA·h·g-1 at 1C, and even 122 mA·h·g-1 at 5C.     

TRIP steel retained austenite transformation under cyclic V-bending deformation

To investigate the transformation behavior of TRIP steel retained austenite under cyclic load, cyclic V-bending deformation of low carbon Si-Mn TRIP600 was studied by experiment and finite element in this paper. The results showed that, under cyclic V-bending deformation, retained austenite in TRIP steel transformed into martensite gradually with the increasing of bending times, and for the symmetrical characteristic, upper surface and lower surface presented the same transformation tendency. From the first to the fourth V-bending deformatiort, retained austenite volume fraction decreased nearly linearly and then attained saturation step by step. Compressive stress state was helpful for martensite transformation than tension stress state with V-bending deformation, and strain magnitude was the determining factor for retaining anstenite martensitic transformation. With the increasing of bending times effective stress increased and the relationship between maximum effective stress and bending times was nearly linear. Effective stress and effective strain distribution were non-uniform, the maximum effective stress and effective strain were present in the center of the samples. The relationships between retained austenite and V-bending times, and retained austenite with effective strain were set up as Eqs.（1）-（5）. The relationship was typical quadric function, decreased linearly for the initial deformation and attained saturation finally.