自重施加方式对高拱坝廊道结构应力及配筋的影响

自重工况一般是高拱坝内廊道配筋设计的控制工况,由于高拱坝施工过程的特殊性及复杂性,有限元计算中自重有多种施加方式。结合工程实例,对高拱坝基础廊道结构进行三维有限元分析,比较不同自重施加方式对廊道结构应力及配筋的影响。研究结果表明:按整体自重考虑时,廊道结构应力及配筋面积明显偏小;全部按分缝自重考虑时,廊道结构应力及配筋面积明显大于按施工过程考虑自重的结果;为符合实际施工过程及结构承载规律,保证结构安全及经济合理,在拱坝结构的有限元计算中应按照施工过程考虑自重荷载。该研究成果对泄洪孔结构的应力分析也具有参考价值。     

纳米ZrO2(Al2O3)复合陶瓷的制备研究

以Al(NO3)3和ZrOCl2.8H2O为原料,采用化学共沉淀法合成了ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体,并讨论了反应条件对样品的影响,通过DTA、XRD、分光光度计等手段对产品进行了表征,结果表明:采用合适的合成条件可以得到粒度分布均匀、粒径约30.1nm的ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体。     

复合改性纳米碳酸钙/CPE对PVC的协同增韧增强

用改性剂在水相中对纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性,样品烘干后在捏合机中用固相法采用自制的表面改性剂对水相法改性的纳米碳酸钙进一步进行包覆改性;制备了一种具有反应活性的新型改性纳米碳酸钙(R-CaCO3),并对R- CaCO3进行表征。结果表明,R-CaCO3亲油性增加,在液体石蜡中分散性改善,改性剂与碳酸钙之间形成化学吸附; 同时制备了PVC／CPE／R-CaCO3]纳米复合材料,发现R-CaCO3与CPE对PVC有明显的协同增韧增强作用,同时还提高了体系的耐热性,且体系的黏度基本不变。     

2,4-二氯-3-乙基-6-硝基苯酚的合成

介绍了以对硝基乙苯为原料 ,经三氯异氰脲酸氯化反应、碱解反应和酸化反应 ,高纯度 (大于 99% )、较高收率和较低成本地合成了目的产物的方法。该方法具有氯化试剂的投料量易于控制和反应控制简便等优点     

An EXAFS study on oxidic and sulfided K-MoO3/γ-Al2O3 catalysts

By analyzing the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) of the Mo K-absorption edge, structural information for both oxidic and sulfided K-MoO₃/-Al₂O₃ catalysts with different potassium content was obtained. The oxidic samples show two backscatterer peaks in the radial distribution function (RDF), which correspond to the Mo-O coordinations in the nearest Mo-O shell. The nearest oxygen atoms are present with large configurational disorder. The RDF for the K/Mo = 0 sample is significantly different from that for crystalline MoO₃ and ammonium heptamolybdate. The RDFs for potassium promoted samples are, in some extent, similar to that for ammonium heptamolybdate. The sample with K/Mo = 0.8 and that with K/Mo=1.5 do not show obvious difference in their local Mo-O structures. The EXAFS results support the earlier conclusions from Raman spectroscopy studies on identical samples [7]. When the samples are sulfided, a rearrangement of the local neighbors around Mo atoms takes place, to form small MoS₂-like crystallites. The Mo-S and Mo-Mo coordination distances on these catalysts are the same as those in crystalline MoS₂, but the coordination numbers are significantly lower than in MoS₂. The EXAFS results indicate that Mo species on the K/Mo=0 catalyst mainly consist of Mo-S-Mo units (the basic building units of MoS₂), which are highly dispersed and show a higher level of disorder than in MoS₂. With the modification by the potassium promoter, Mo species are significantly aggregated and their local neighbors are more similar to those in MoS₂, but the Mo species still exist in a state of high dispersion.     

Gas hold-up in highly viscous pseudoplastic non-newtonian solutions in three phase sparged reactors

Gas hold-up structure was studied in a three phase sparged reactor of 200 mm diameter. Air and aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose were used as gas and liquid phases. Spherical glass beads formed the solid phase. The superficial gas velocity, rheological properties, particle size and solid loading were varied over a wide range and their effects on gas hold-up structure were studied. A correlation for the estimation of the gas hold-up as a function of superficial gas velocity, apparent liquid viscosity, particle settling velocity and solid loading was established.     

二维石墨相氮化碳纳米片的制备及其光催化性能

利用水热反应法将三聚氰胺悬浊液在200℃下反应生成中间产物,中间产物经煅烧直接制成了二维石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)纳米片(WCN),并与本体g-C3N4(CN)、传统热氧剥离法得到的g-C3N4纳米片(OCN)进行了比较.采用SEM、XRD、FTIR、Raman、AFM、PL对样品进行了表征,探讨了其光电化学性能和光催化性能.结果表明,两种方法均实现了对CN的剥离,WCN和OCN与CN的晶体结构和组成相同,WCN和OCN比表面积分别是CN的3.6倍和3.1倍.光电化学分析显示,WCN具有更好的载流子迁移与分离效率,具有较好的光催化活性.可见光照射下,WCN对亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化降解率达到82.0％,分别是OCN和CN的2.4倍和6.7倍,光催化降解过程符合一级动力学方程.WCN具有优良的稳定性和可重复利用性能.     

基于DEM的碎屑流运动特性数值模拟

采用颗粒离散元法建立了碎屑流三维数值模型,分别从整体和局部对碎屑流运动特性进行深入分析。结果表明:碎屑流的运动过程可分为启动加速、高速滑动和减速堆积3个阶段;边坡底面平整时,堆积体中大颗粒堆积在表面,而细小颗粒位于中下部位;碎屑流运动速度和能量损失受颗粒间的接触碰撞影响大;碎屑流不同部位运动速度最大值相同,达到速度峰值的时间与颗粒的初始水平位置有关,与深度无关;堆积体分区明显,堆积体中的颗粒按初始水平位置依次排布;坡脚位置堆积深度最大,往两侧逐渐减小;碎屑流在运动初期和末期横向运动明显,扩大了灾害影响范围。     

球磨时间对钛酸钡介电性能的影响

通过改变混料的秩序以及采用沉降、水煮损耗、温度特性、电导率和化学分析等测试手段，研究了制备钛酸钡的球磨工艺中球磨时间对钛酸钡粉体均匀性及钛酸钡介电性能的影响。研究结果表明：采用不同的球磨时间制得的钛酸钡性能差别较大，球磨时间达12小时时，能减少球磨引起的团聚，极大地改善了固相合成BaTiO3粉体均匀性，并最终提高了钛酸钡的介电性能。