高功率固体激光器

本文详细讨论了设计高平均功率固体激光器的有关问题,包括激光材料性质、棒状和板条状几何结构,聚光器和光学谐振腔等。分析表明,板条状几何结构固体激光器提供了达到千瓦级功率水平同时又保持良好光束质量的可能性。     

Development of cable fault location method using fiber optic distributed temperature sensor

When ground-fault problems occur on a cable line, immediate fault location and restoration are required. Therefore, various new methods to locate the fault point instantaneously have been investigated to replace such conventional methods as the Murray loop method and the pulse radar method [1]. These methods require a long time to locate the fault point. One possible fault location method is to sense the temperature rise following a ground fault using a fiber optic distributed temperature sensor. Application of this method was found feasible through sensing the temperature rise at a ground-fault test using a thermocouple as a temperature sensor with test cables [4]. A power/optical composite cable was prepared experimentally and after verifying its thermal mechanical performance, the temperature rise at an incidence of a fault was determined and the anticipated performance was demonstrated in a ground-fault test. This article describes the outline of the test.     

DC-DC电荷泵的研究与设计

以Dickson电荷泵的基本原理为出发点，研究了一种将正电压输入转为负电压输出的开关电容电路。由于开关电容的充放电特点，为确定电容时间常数，采用非交叠时钟控制信号避免了由于时钟交叠而造成的当电容充电还未完成即对下一级电容进行放电的现象。同时，参考功率MOS-FET的电容模型通过增大驱动电路的电流减小了开关管的上升延时，提高了开关动作的速度，使转换效率得到明显提高。此电路结构简单，性能优良，易于集成，可广泛应用于输出负电压的电源产品中。     

水电站施工期水土流失预测

水电站建设的水土流失问题主要体现在施工期和运行期，并以施工期的影响较为突出．如不采取必要的减免措施，将会对周围生态环境造成无法挽回的损失。本文阐述了水电站建设水土流失的几种常用的预测方法，对水土流失量进行预测，并结合具体工程实例对水电站建设过程中新增水土流失量进行了预测。     

An economic and environmental assessment of biomass utilization in lignite‐fired power plants of Greece

The environmental and socio‐economic impacts of biomass utilization by co‐firing with brown coal in an existing thermoelectric unit in Greece or through its pure combustion in a new plant were studied and evaluated in this work. The 125 MW_e lignite‐fired power plant in Ptolemais Power Station (Western Macedonia) was used as reference system. The environmental benefits of the alternative biomass exploitation options were quantified based on the life cycle assessment methodology, as established by SETAC, while the BIOSEM technique was used to carry out socio‐economic calculations. The obtained results showed clear environmental benefits of both biomass utilization alternatives in comparison with the reference system. In addition, co‐firing biomass with lignite in an existing unit outperforms the combustion of biomass exclusively in a new plant, since it exhibits a better environmental performance and it is a low risk investment with immediate benefits. A biomass combustion unit requires a considerably higher capital investment and its benefits are more evident in the long run. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

3DFD Simulation of Asymmetric Wave Field by Side-wall Acoustic Tool in Open and Cased Wells

1. Introduction Side-wall acoustic logging tools, such as the Segmented Bond Tool (SBT) from Baker Atlas and the tools for open hole measurements, utilize acoustic transducers mounted on six pads to make compensated acoustic velocity and attenuation measurements which are not affected by mud weight, gas cut, fast formation effects, casing surface conditions or reasonable tool de- centralizing. Studies on the wave fields generated by these tools are very important to tool design and data int…     

Cost effective second generation AC-modules: Development and testing aspects

In the framework of the European research project PV2GO, a new AC-module inverter was developed, taking into account all relevant aspects from a European market's point of view (standards, market, application, and research and development goals). The project goal was to achieve the overall system costs of 3 Euro per Wp for a modular plug-and-play photovoltaic system. For the photovoltaic-module, a standard 130-Wp Eurosolare module was chosen. The research and development (R&D) goal was to develop an advanced DC-control system consisting of a state-of-the-art programmable digital device and an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) for the AC-control of the inverter. According to the topology concept, thermal and magnetic designs were optimized with regard to production technology and packaging for large-scale production. The new AC-modules were tested in a number of field-test sites in various parts of Europe and their reliability was assessed through Highly Accelerated Stress Tests. Efficiency and power quality have been tested in the laboratory. Further in the PV2GO project an optimization study of the manufacturing process of the new generation of AC-modules for high volume output was done. Another task was the pre-certification procedure to assure compliance with the European guidelines and standards.     

A new voltage control equipment using fuzzy inference

Power system control equipment needs higher sensitivity and operational reliability. Advanced voltage control equipment is needed for reducing the frequency of tap changes and improving the characteristics (the relationship between the actual voltage and reference voltage) of the voltage to meet today's power system requirements. However, these objectives are in a trade-off relationship. Studies of voltage control derived from a knowledge base suitable for electric power systems can satisfy these objectives using fuzzy inference. Compared with corresponding conventional equipment, the new equipment improved the deviation of 30 min average voltage of 30 percent. This paper describes the design concept of new voltage control equipment using fuzzy inference. In addition, field test results are described along with rules of fuzzy inference, membership functions, and the deviation of 30 min average voltage through detailed simulation.     

浅论太阳电池在通信工程中的应用

介绍了太阳电池应用的一般要求和太阳能供电系统的组成及运行，给出了工程设计个常用的太阳电池容量计算方法，并提出太阳能供电系统运行维护注意事项。     

Maternal Power Assertion in Discipline and Moral Discourse Contexts: Commonalities, Differences, and Implications for Children's Moral Conduct and Cognition.

Parental power assertion is traditionally studied in the behavioral domain--discipline triggered by the child's immediate misbehavior--but rarely in the cognitive domain--parent-child discussions of the child's past misbehavior. Maternal power assertion was observed in "do" and "don't" discipline contexts from 14 to 45 months and in the context of mother-child discourse about a recent misbehavior at 56 months. Mothers' use of power cohered across the "do," "don't," and discourse contexts, but its implications were domain specific. Power assertion in the "don't" discipline context predicted behavioral outcomes (more moral conduct at 56 and 73 months, less antisocial conduct at 73 months) but not cognitive outcomes (moral cognition at 56 and 73 months). Power assertion in the discourse context predicted less mature moral cognition but not moral or antisocial conduct. Mothers' high Neuroticism predicted more power assertion in all three contexts. Child effects were examined. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)