酸性矿山废水处理技术研究进展

酸性矿山废水(AMD)排放量大、酸性强、盐度高、成分复杂,是难以处理的工业废水。介绍了近些年来处理酸性矿山废水技术进展,对中和沉淀法、铁氧体沉淀法、吸附法、湿地法、微生物法等处理技术的优点和缺点进行评价。对酸性矿山废水处理技术发展趋势及前景做了展望。     

磁处理对番茄幼苗MDH合成的影响

经磁处理的番茄(Lycopersicon esculeutum mill)幼苗苹果酸脱氢酶(malate dehydrogenase,MDH)活性增高,同工酶谱发生变化,出现新谱带．加放线菌素D(actinomycin D,AMD)后磁处理同工酶带中的新带消失,表明磁处理可能改变了基因表达的调控．而加AMD的磁处理组酶活仍高于相应的对照组,推测磁处理有可能对幼苗体内已有的MDH有活化作用．     

Bench-scale study of active mine water treatment using cement kiln dust (CKD) as a neutralization agent

The overall objective of this study was to investigate the potential impact on settled water quality of using cement kiln dust (CKD), a waste by-product, to replace quicklime in the active treatment of acidic mine water. Bench-scale experiments were conducted to evaluate the treatment performance of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) slurries generated using four different CKD samples compared to a control treatment with quicklime (CaO) in terms of reducing acidity and metals concentrations in acid mine drainage (AMD) samples taken from the effluent of a lead/zinc mine in Atlantic Canada. Results of the study showed that all of the CKD samples evaluated were capable of achieving greater than 97% removal of total zinc and iron. The amount of solid alkaline material required to achieve pH targets required for neutralization of the AMD was found to be higher for treatment with the CKD slurries compared to the quicklime slurry control experiments, and varied linearly with the free lime content of the CKD. The results of this study also showed that a potential benefit of treating mine water with CKD could be reduced settled sludge volumes generated in the active treatment process, and further research into the characteristics of the sludge generated from the use of CKD-generated calcium hydroxide slurries is recommended.     

南京电视塔风振的神经网络预测控制

本文介绍了南京电视塔在风激励下的一些动力特性后 ,采用AMD (主动质量阻尼器 )对其进行了风振控制。为了减小乃至消除主动控制中时迟的影响 ,本文研究了神经网络预测控制 ,并在产生南京电视塔广义脉动风荷载样本的基础上 ,对神经网络预测控制进行了计算机模拟。     

Treatment of Mine Water by a Microbial Mat: Bench-scale Experiments

Abstract.   We investigated the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) by a blue-green algae-microbial consortium and substrate (containing powdered goat manure, wood chips, and soil) in 1 m³ bench scale biological treatment test cells. The microbial mat resulted from the interaction of bacteria and filamentous blue-green algae (predominantly Oscillatoria spp). The experiments were carried out for different water column heights, and were evaluated for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 hours of retention. Within 24 hours of retention, the pH increased from 2.93 to 6.78 as net alkalinity went from -125 mg/L to 197 mg/L as CaCO₃. Turbidity decreased by 33–54%, sulphate decreased by 23–29%, and hardness decreased by 19 to 26%. We also observed that: 95% of the Fe, 79–97% of the Cu, 84–86% of the Zn, 88% of the Pb, 59–83% of the Co, 22–62% of the Ni, and 28–45% of the Mn were removed. A blue-green algae/microbial mat consortium may be a cost–effective treatment technique for removing metals from AMD.     

Evaluation of a fluorescent derivative of AMD3100 and its interaction with the CXCR4 chemokine receptor

AMD3100 is a potent and selective antagonist of the CXCR4 receptor; it has been shown to block the route of entry of HIV into host T-cells. This compound and its analogues have since been found to act as haematopoietic stem cell mobilisation agents and, more recently, as anti-cancer agents. Here, we have examined a fluorescent derivative of AMD3100, L(1), which offered the potential to assess the behaviour of AMD3100 at the cell surface by using optical imaging modalities. The binuclear Zn(II) , Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes of L(1) have also been investigated as these metals have been previously shown to enhance the binding properties of AMD3100. Furthermore, Zn(II) and Cu(II) are known to enhance and quench, respectively, the fluorescence of similar anthracenyl-based ligands. Whilst L(1) demonstrates an ability to inhibit the binding of the anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibody 12G5 (IC(50) =0.25-0.9 μM), the incorporation of an anthracenyl moiety resulted in a significantly reduced affinity for CXCR4 compared to AMD3100 (IC(50) =10 nM). We observed no significant increase in fluorescence intensity following incubation with murine pre-B cells overexpressing CXCR4 compared to a control cell line. This limits the usefulness of L(1) as a fluorescent imaging probe. Interestingly, the Zn(II) complex, which carries an overall +4 charge, revealed marginally higher specificity and reduced toxicity in vitro compared to the free ligand, albeit with reduced affinity for CXCR4 (IC(50) =1.8-5 μM). We suggest that the incorporation of an anthracenyl group contributes to the lipophilic character of the free ligand, thereby resulting in transport across the plasma membrane. This effect is seemingly diminished when the ligand is complexed to charged metal ions.