Model driven middleware: A new paradigm for developing distributed real-time and embedded systems

Distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems have become critical in domains such as avionics (e.g., flight mission computers), telecommunications (e.g., wireless phone services), tele-medicine (e.g., robotic surgery), and defense applications (e.g., total ship computing environments). These types of system are increasingly interconnected via wireless and wireline networks to form systems of systems. A challenging requirement for these DRE systems involves supporting a diverse set of quality of service (QoS) properties, such as predictable latency/jitter, throughput guarantees, scalability, 24x7 availability, dependability, and security that must be satisfied simultaneously in real-time. Although increasing portions of DRE systems are based on QoS-enabled commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software components, the complexity of managing long lifecycles (often ∼15-30 years) remains a key challenge for DRE developers and system integrators. For example, substantial time and effort is spent retrofitting DRE applications when the underlying COTS technology infrastructure changes.This paper provides two contributions that help improve the development, validation, and integration of DRE systems throughout their lifecycles. First, we illustrate the challenges in creating and deploying QoS-enabled component middleware-based DRE applications and describe our approach to resolving these challenges based on a new software paradigm called Model Driven Middleware (MDM), which combines model-based software development techniques with QoS-enabled component middleware to address key challenges faced by developers of DRE systems — particularly composition, integration, and assured QoS for end-to-end operations. Second, we describe the structure and functionality of CoSMIC (Component Synthesis using Model Integrated Computing), which is an MDM toolsuite that addresses key DRE application and middleware lifecycle challenges, including partitioning the components to use distributed resources effectively, validating software configurations, assuring multiple simultaneous QoS properties in real-time, and safeguarding against rapidly changing technology.     

板坯连铸机动态轻压下应用研究

介绍了动态轻压下装备与相应的产品质量情况，分析了该工艺的优缺点。选择动态轻压下条件下的连铸坯低倍硫印样为对象，分析了钢液成分、轻压下量、拉速等生产因素对试样的偏析等内部质量的影响。     

基于CCM技术的开放式数控系统组件实现

通过对组件技术和RTCORBA技术的研究分析，提出了一种开放式数控系统体系结构。遵循CCM（CORBA Component Model）规范，详细阐述了体系结构中组件的功能定义。基于CORBA IDL（Interface Definition Language）语言给出了组件定义及实现，并在TAO（The ACE ORB）环境下进行了应用开发。满足了开放式数控系统高度模块化、分布式控制的需要。     

A Low‐Complexity 128‐Point Mixed‐Radix FFT Processor for MB‐OFDM UWB Systems

In this paper, we present a fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor with four parallel data paths for multiband orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing ultra‐wideband systems. The proposed 128‐point FFT processor employs both a modified radix‐2⁴ algorithm and a radix‐2³ algorithm to significantly reduce the numbers of complex constant multipliers and complex booth multipliers. It also employs substructure‐sharing multiplication units instead of constant multipliers to efficiently conduct multiplication operations with only addition and shift operations. The proposed FFT processor is implemented and tested using 0.18 µm CMOS technology with a supply voltage of 1.8 V. The hardware‐ efficient 128‐point FFT processor with four data streams can support a data processing rate of up to 1 Gsample/s while consuming 112 mW. The implementation results show that the proposed 128‐point mixed‐radix FFT architecture significantly reduces the hardware cost and power consumption in comparison to existing 128‐point FFT architectures.     

基于二极管-电容倍压单元的DC-DC升压变换器

文章基于二极管-电容倍压单元,提出了一种新型高增益升压变换器。该拓扑在实现高增益的同时可以避免使用极大的占空比,并且有效地降低开关管和二极管的电压应力。分析了变换器的工作原理,推导了变换器工作在连续状态（CCM）和断续状态（DCM）下的电压增益、开关器件的电压应力和电感电流纹波。CCM状态下与传统的Boost变换器相比电压增益是其（5-D）倍,电感电流纹波近似减小为原来的一半。最后通过仿真与样机实验验证了理论分析的正确性,表明提出的变换器具有良好的综合性能。     

A simple control scheme for a single stage flyback LED driver

This study proposes a simple control scheme for using single‐stage flyback (SSF) converters in lighting source applications for LEDs. Among the advantages of the average current mode is an I/O current ripple that is only one‐half of the critical conduction mode (CRM). This condition helps extend the output capacitor lifetime while lowering the input EMI capacitance input EMI capacitance. The SSF converter proposed in this study operates in continuous conduction mode (CCM). In addition, two sample‐and‐hold (S/H) circuits are placed at the output voltage loop and feed‐forward path, respectively. Since these S/H circuits access the average output current and average feed‐forward voltage, the LED driver is unaffected by the 120‐Hz ripple noise, the total harmonic distortion (THD) is reduced, and the transient response of the output current is improved. Finally, the operation principles and design considerations of the studied LED driver are analyzed and discussed. A laboratory prototype is also designed and tested to verify the feasibility. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双馈型风电场详细模型建模方法

提出一种双馈型风电场详细模型的建模方法。所建立的模型可体现风场内每一台风机以及集电系统的电磁暂态过程。该建模方法利用元件连接法(CCM)的思路,首先将风机、集电线路及变压器等视为分立元件,并建立各个元件的详细模型。再根据CCM元件连接规则连接各元件,构成风电场的详细模型。利用该建模方法能够获得系统的非线性微分方程,便于后续利用非线性系统理论进一步对系统展开分析。此外,该模型建立在dq坐标系,稳态时各物理量均为直流,借助线性化工具,可方便地获得风电场在某稳态工作点处的线性化矩阵。通过对比仿真验证了该建模方法的准确性。     

基于C~*Core的动态内存分配方案与实现

为了解决基于C*Core系列芯片嵌入式开发过程中,C*Core系统在某些情况下由于受操作系统、数据格式差异等因素影响,不能动态分配C*Core系列芯片内存的问题,采用数组与标志位相结合的方法,提出一种C*Core系列芯片在所有情况下都通用的动态内存分配方案。该方案利用C*Core C语言编写实现,程序在苏州国芯公司CS32XDV10开发板上运行后,成功实现了动态分配CCM3118芯片内存功能。     

对称与非对称起重拆解平台非线性效应对比

选取非对称式起重拆解平台作为研究对象,其区别于传统平台的主要特点是采用无横撑非对称的主船体结构并且立柱与上甲板连接处采用大圆弧结构。为验证这种新型平台波浪砰击等非线性效应的性能,使用ANSYS Workbench建立平台三维有限元模型,使用STAR CCM+软件对研究对象和传统平台进行水动力分析,研究2种不同形式对气隙及砰击响应的影响并通过数值模拟研究大弯角连接结构的特点。结果显示：由于目标平台立柱的不对称特性,负气隙位于船体一侧,砰击响应有别于传统的半潜式平台;大弯角连接结构可有效改善立柱与下甲板连接处应力集中问题。针对模拟试验结果可以有目的性地对易发生波浪砰击等波浪非线性现象的关键区域进行结构加强,确保恶劣工况条件下的平台安全性,对相关类型平台设计提供一定的参考。