提高自我发展能力是农村弱势群体救助的必然选择

尽管政府对农村弱势群体的救济力度不断加大,却没能从根本上改变其弱势状态.贫困只是农村弱势群体的表象,自我发展能力的缺乏才是本质所在.因此,只有通过提升自我发展能力,让农村弱势群体成员积极主动地融入社会发展之中,才是解决农村弱势问题的根本出路.     

A review of the methodology and applications of anthropometry in ergonomics and product design

Abstract

Anthropometry is a key element of ergonomic studies for addressing the problem of fitting the tasks/products to user characteristics, but there is a gap between anthropometric data and their application for designing ergonomic products and environments. This research was conducted to review the literature on the methodology and applications of anthropometry for the ergonomic design of products and environments, and to identify where further research is needed to improve its application and evaluation protocols. One hundred and sixteen papers meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Although a number of anthropometric investigations have been conducted to improve the design of products/environments for different users, further research seems to be necessary, particularly for special groups, such as children, the elderly and people with disabilities. Different anthropometric measurement methods/techniques and fitting criteria are discussed regarding their applicability for various design applications. This review also highlights methodological issues (sampling considerations and prototype evaluation and testing) that should be considered in future research to ensure a user-centred approach of the design process.

Practitioner Summary: A literature review was conducted on the methodology and applications of anthropometry for the ergonomic design of products/environments. This review emphasises the need for anthropometric research to design for special groups, such as children, the elderly and people with disabilities, and methodological issues that should be considered in future research.

Abbreviations: 1D: one-dimensional; 2D: two-dimensional; 3D: three-dimensional; HF/E: Human Factors/Ergonomics; PCA: Principal Components Analysis; CA: Cluster Analysis; DHM: Digital Human Modelling     

具有c1-可补子群的有限群结构分析

子群H在群G中被称为是c1-可补的(c1-supplemented),如果存在G的子群K使得G=HK且H∩T≤Z∞(G),其中Z∞(G)是G的超中心.本文研究素数幂阶子群的广义可补性对有限群结构的的影响,得到以下主要定理:对于G的任意Sylow p-子群P,如果P有子群D满足1<|D|<|P|且P每一个|D|阶及p|D|阶子群在G中均c1-可补,那么G超可解.该结果推广了一些已知的结果.     

影响西部地区不同人群参加旅游的因素分析——以四川地区调查为例

文章采用问卷调查、实地考察和数理统计等方法,对影响四川省丘陵地区不同性别、年龄、职业、学历、居住地和家庭收入等群体参加旅游的因素进行调查。调查发现,不同人群参加旅游的制约因素有一定的差异,具体表现在经济因素制约、时间束缚、缺乏兴趣、健康状况、怕出危险等方面。     

重庆市高职院校特殊人群体育教育的制约因素研究

采用访谈、文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法,对重庆市高职院校特殊人群的体育教育开展情况进行调查分析;对重庆市高职院校的特殊体育教育情况进行讨论并提出相关建议,以提高高职院校的体育教学质量,保障教育公平,促进高校特殊人群的全面发展。     

高职计算机专业《办公信息化技术》课程群建设实践

为了满足企事业单位对日常办公信息化处理的人才需求,围绕《Office高级办公应用》核心课程,与《计算机应用基础》、《办公设备使用与维护》、《常用办公工具软件》以及《PhotoShop办公图像处理》等单项课程,构建基础课为专业课服务的"办公信息化技术"联合课程(群)。通过建设课程群,协调单项课程关系,实现课程结构体系化、教学内容科学化和开课时间顺序化,达到"更强专业基础、更精业务技能、突出行业应用、凸显职业素养"的人才培养目标。     

IR studies of Re2O7 metathesis catalysts supported on alumina and phosphated alumina

FTIR data from Re₂O₇/-Al₂O₃ metathesis catalysts indicate that a low Re contents ReO₄ ions have predominantly reacted with basic surface OH groups, while at higher Re₂O₇ loadings they have also reacted with neutral and more acidic OH groups.On phosphated -Al₂O₃ the phosphate has reacted with the more acidic OH groups on the -Al₂O₃; in catalysts based on this support, the ReO₄ ^– ions have also reacted with the phosphorus-bonded OH groups already at low Re₂O₇ loadings, resulting in more active catalysts.     

Basic properties of free stratified flows

Results of analytical studies of the governing equations of stratified rotating fluids based on the unification of theories of continuous and discrete groups, perturbations and modern numerical visualizations are described. Symmetries of basic systems and their simplified versions, different approximations and constitutive turbulent models are compared. A new method to calculate discrete groups analytically, which does not need a preliminary search for continuous groups, is developed. As an example of the practical use of the developed algorithm, a complete classification of cellular and roll structures of Bénard convection is presented. A complete classification of 3D periodic motions in compressible viscous stratified and rotating fluids, including regular (wave) and singular elements, is performed by perturbation methods. In all cases, in a viscous fluid, besides waves there are two different periodic boundary layers. In a homogeneous fluid the split boundary layers are merged, thus forming a joint doubly-degenerate structure. Stratification and rotation reduce the degeneration of the 3D periodic boundary layers. Calculations of a 3D periodic wave beam emitted by an oscillating part of a sloping plane are visualized by a computer-graphics method. The existence of thin extended components on the edges of the 3D wave cone is demonstrated.     

一种分布式结构的主-分控集控站群设计方案

目前,许多地区重复建设独立的集控站监控系统,由于各系统之间相互独立,没有信息交换,当一个集控系统崩溃时,许多变电站将失去监控,严重威胁电网安全运行,特别是恢复系统很困难。为此,该文提出利用计算机网络将各集控站系统连接在一起,建设分布式结构的主-分控集控站群,实现各集控站数据交换,完成系统功能优化,达到主-分控系统互为备用,系统集中运行管理、统一维护,主-分控系统数据相互备份的目的。     

Cognitive-Behavioral and Humanistic Group Treatment for Children With Learning Disabilities: A Comparison of Outcomes and Process.

The authors of this study examined the outcomes and processes of 2 types of group treatment--cognitive-behavioral treatment groups (CBTG) and humanistic group therapy (HGT)--offered to 200 elementary schoolchildren in a center for students with learning disabilities in Israel. Results indicated that the addition of either type of group treatment to individual academic assistance was more effective than the latter alone on most measures. In fact, on the majority of measures, group treatment without academic assistance was more effective than just individual assistance. Finally, HGT was more effective than CBTG on most measures. Most of the outcomes were sustained at follow-up, and some even increased from termination to follow-up, although effect sizes were quite low. Process measures included the Client Behavior System and the therapist Helping Skills System, which were measured at 5 points in time. Differences between the 2 treatment types were revealed on both process measures, including differences in the growth curve of these behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)