Double auction mechanisms on Markovian networks

This paper studies the double auction (DA) mechanism in Ma and Li (2011) for a class of exchange economies. We extend their results to more general cases where sellers and buyers each form a complex time non-homogeneous Markovian chain, as specified in Ram et al. (2009), in the communication of their private information. A numerical example is also provided. Both bubbles and crashes are observed in the example, consistent with results of our theorems. Our example and theoretical results provide new evidence that a DA mechanism, widely utilized in real exchange markets, may contribute to the excess volatility identified in Shiller (1981) and LeRoy and Porter (1981).     

Biomimetic strain hardening in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels

In this paper, we present the systematic development of mechanically enhanced interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels with Young's moduli rivaling those of natural load-bearing tissues. The IPNs were formed by synthesis of a crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) network within an end-linked poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromonomer network. The strain-hardening behavior of these PEG/PAA IPNs was studied through uniaxial tensile testing and swelling measurements. The interaction between the independently crosslinked networks within the IPN was varied by (1) changing the molecular weight of the PEG macromonomer, (2) controlling the degree of PAA ionization by changing pH, and (3) increasing the polymer content in the PAA network. Young's moduli and the maximum stress-at-break of the swollen hydrogels were normalized on the basis of their polymer content. Strain hardening in the IPNs exhibited a strong dependence on the molecular weight of the first network macromonomer, the pH of the swelling buffer, as well as the polymer content of the second network. The results indicate that the mechanical enhancement of these IPNs is mediated by the strain-induced intensity of physical entanglements between the two networks. The strain can be applied either by mechanical deformation or by changing the pH to modulate the swelling of the PAA network. At pHs below the pK_a of PAA (4.7), entanglements between PEG and PAA are reinforced by interpolymer hydrogen bonds, yielding IPNs with high fracture strength. At pHs above 4.7, a “pre-stressed” IPN with dramatically enhanced modulus is formed due to ionization-induced swelling of the PAA network within a static PEG network. The modulus enhancement ranged from two-fold to over 10-fold depending on the synthesis conditions used. Variation of the network parameters and swelling conditions enabled “tuning” of the hydrogels' physical properties, yielding materials with water content between 58% and 90% water, tensile strength between 2.0 MPa and 12.0 MPa, and initial Young's modulus between 1.0 MPa and 19.0 MPa. Under physiologic pH and salt concentration, these materials attain “biomimetic” values for initial Young's modulus in addition to high tensile strength and water content. As such, they are promising new candidates for artificial replacement of natural tissues such as the cornea, cartilage, and other load-bearing structures.     

基于复合左右手传输线结构的新型微带天线

基于复合左右手传输线结构的零阶谐振理论,提出了一种新型双层结构的微带天线,仿真结果表明该天线具有比单层微带天线更小的尺寸。研究了天线各结构参数对天线特性的影响,并对各参数进行了优化仿真。仿真结果表明该天线具有全向辐射特性,与传统微带天线相比,该天线具有体积小的特点。     

频率量转换数字量的集成电路设计技术

传感器在各领域有着广泛应用,为了测试传感器输出的频率值,在传感器与计算机之间需要一种可以将频率量转换为数字量的专用集成电路。介绍了输出为频率量的传感器测试基本原理,设计了基于这种传感器而研制的专用集成电路,介绍了其电路功能,电路逻辑结构,电路核心器件逻辑设计及功能验证。     

分离式双管板列管换热器的设计与制造

论述了双管板换热器材料选择、管板胀管槽等结构的设计、双管板检漏设计、最佳胀管压力计算等 ,以及双管板制造中内侧管子管板液压强度胀接、外侧管子管板强度焊接、双管板间空腔内和管子管板焊接接头气密性试验的要求     

双边剪智能剪切控制功能的研发与应用

在宽厚板项目中,双边剪用来剪切钢板两个纵边,以达到厂家要求的钢板宽度。本文除了介绍宽厚板双边剪的系统配置及功能特点外,主要阐述智能剪切的自动控制。本着降本增效的原则,开发一种新的主传动控制模式,优化双边剪电机剪切程序,在钢板厚度满足设定条件的前提下,固定侧与移动侧各采用一组电机驱动剪刃,并且实现主从电机智能激活切换模式,以满足生产需要。经实践证明,优化后的控制系统不仅提高了生产效率,还实现了节能降耗、安全生产的目的。     

垂直筛板塔流体力学与传质研究状况

对我国在新型垂直筛板塔的流体力学性能 ,诸如塔板干板压降与湿板压降、板孔漏液、塔板过量雾沫夹带、板上帽罩单元的液体提升能力与液体循环程度的研究及其传质性能 ,诸如塔板传质效率模型、塔板空间气相中液体大小与分布、板间空间立体传质作用的研究等进行了综合 ,并予以分析论述 ,从中看出我国对新型垂直筛板塔已进行了较全面深入的研究工作 ,并取得了新进展。     

BELL整体比例调节型电动执行机构的电路连接与调试方法

天津贝尔自动化仪表技术有限公司引进法国先进技术,生产的电动执行机构广泛用于自动控制系统。新一代“卓越引进系列”具有多种保护功能和多种控制方式,更适宜现代工控需求。在百种以上规格中,搞清楚最基本类型——标准整体比例调节型是其他类型的基础。文章结合厂家提供的资料,针对整体比例调节型电动执行机构的重要方面进行了深入的分析与总结：一是组成与原理框图;二是电路器件的作用与电路连接;三是调试的项目与具体方法。     

A comparative study between chloride and calcined carbonate hydrotalcites as adsorbents for Cr(VI)

Hydrotalcite-type solids with different metal ions within the layers (M^II = Mg or Zn and M^III = Al and/or Fe) and carbonate or chloride between them have been synthesized. Chloride-LDHs and the solids obtained upon carbonate-LDHs calcination have been evaluated in the adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. All the adsorption tests were carried out at 30 °C following two different stirring conditions: a) using a thermostatic bath with mechanical stirring at a speed of 52 rpm or b) in a sonicator bath under ultrasound waves. It was observed that no significant difference in the amount of adsorbed chromate is produced in both cases but the time spent to reach the equilibrium is much lower when the adsorbent/adsorbate mixture is submitted to ultrasounds. In all experiments L-type adsorption isotherms were obtained. The results show that chloride hydrotalcites are better adsorbents than calcined CO₃-hydrotalcites and in these last ones their adsorption capacity increases with increasing the surface area: MgAlFe > MgAl > MgFe > ZnAl.     

变化环境下“中华水塔”水资源及产流规律变化分析研究

受全球气候变暖的影响,“中华水塔”地区正面临着以“变暖变湿”为主的气候变化。受气候及下垫面条件的综合影响,区域水资源显著增加,各流域产流机理在空间上呈现出明显的地区差异特征。基于“中华水塔”区域1956—2020年水文气象资料,通过趋势、突变、距平等分析方法,分析其水文要素和产流规律的变化趋势、特征及相互之间影响关系。结果表明：近年来“中华水塔”区域气温显著升高,蒸发能力总体增强,区域进入丰水期,降水、径流显著增加,在同等降水径流尺度下,黄河源区产流能力有所降低,长江、澜沧江源区产流能力明显增强;气温升高、降水量持续偏丰以及流域前期影响雨量（蓄水量）增加、枯季径流比例提高、下垫面生态持水能力增强是引起区域产流规律变化、水资源量增加的主要原因。