HREELS investigations of trans-dichloroethene adsorption and chemical reaction on Cu(110)

The chemisorption and reaction of trans-dichloroethene on Cu(110) have been investigated by high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS) as a function of coverage and temperature. At 135 K, both physisorbed and chemisorbed trans-dichloroethene are present. Heating to 200 K leads to the formation of acetylene and of a partially dehalogenated intermediate species. By 300 K, the acetylene trimerises to form adsorbed benzene at the surface. Adsorption of trans-dichloroethene at 300 K produces benzene directly. Evidence of C–Cl cleavage at temperature as low as 220 K is clearly marked by the emergence of very intense Cu–Cl stretching vibrations which remain even after further heating up to 570 K. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

温度对VM110SS套管钢在酸性环境中腐蚀行为的影响

模拟川东某气田气井封隔器失效后套管面临的腐蚀环境,利用自制高温高压釜进行VM110SS套管钢在总压18MPa、CO2分压0.54MPa、H2S分压0.41MPa、温度30~150℃条件下的腐蚀实验,得出了该气井工况下温度对VM110SS套管钢腐蚀速率的影响。采用扫描电镜和电子能谱分析方法对试样表面腐蚀产物形貌及成分进行分析。结果表明,VM110SS钢的平均腐蚀速率随温度的升高呈现先增大后减小的规律,气液相腐蚀速率最大值出现在90℃。在90℃气相中腐蚀速率为0.838mm/a、液相中腐蚀速率为1.130mm/a,发生极严重腐蚀。所有实验温度条件下,试样均发生均匀腐蚀,且腐蚀产物以硫铁化合物为主。本实验为酸性气田在不同井深及温度条件下套管的腐蚀状况评估提供了参考。     

油管钢在CO2/H2S介质中的腐蚀行为

采用高温高压釜试验,辅以失重法、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和电子能谱分析,对90 ℃时油管钢P110在模拟油井采出液中的CO2/H2S腐蚀行为进行了研究.结果表明,在本试验条件下,油管钢P110的腐蚀速率高达5.126 0 mm/a,腐蚀类型以H2S腐蚀(坑蚀)为主,腐蚀产物主要为硫化物.     

110kV线路双回路耐张铁塔等电位处理引流缺陷

本文针对110kV线路小间距双回路垂直排列耐张塔结构特点,在解决了小间距双回路直线塔等电位处缺的理论基础上,延伸发展为采用沿绝缘悬臂梯外侧进入强电场进行等电位消缺,配合旋转位移引流法,尤其是处理110DSn、110JGU1、110JGU2型双回路耐张铁塔的三相(上中下)引流线缺陷和带电紧固(更换)引流线并沟线央,作业方法是安全可行的.     

钢铁变电所设计及继电保护计算

钢铁变电所供电负荷为五台制氧机,供电电网系统中还包括发电机组等负荷,其继电保护计算极为复杂,在同类型的110kV等级变电所设计中具有典型性;通过对该变电所继电保护中短路电流的计算与分析,确定了变电所的一次运行方式,为变电所的正常运行提供了可靠依据,为今后同类型变电所设计提供参考依据。     

关于T接线路差动保护应用的特殊问题探讨

T接线路在110 kV电压等级应用越来越广泛.T接线路面临区内故障电流流出、区外故障CT易饱和、三端运行及两端运行方式切换等特殊问题.结合许继公司研制的WXH-813A/T装置介绍了适用于T接线路的三端差动保护的原理及配置方案,并提出了与T接线路相关特殊问题的解决方案.     

上海市非中心城区110kV配电网发展初探

合理的高压配电电压等级对地区电网及地区经济发展都有重要意义。分析了国内和上海市110 kV电网的现状与发展趋势,根据上海市南非中心城区区域特点和电网现状,分析了影响市南地区110 kV配电网发展的主要因素,并提出了市南地区各功能区域110 kV配电网发展的建议。     

110 t EBT EAF-LF-RH-CC工艺生产无缝管钢12MnV的脱硫分析

通过LF加石灰,控制LF末期铝含量,RH过程喷80CaO-20CaF₂粉,RH终点喂铝线,RH结束后喂硅钙线等操作生产≤0.003%S的12MnV钢。根据脱硫数据表明,在110 t EAF-LF-RH-CC流程中LF平均脱硫率达88%,RH平均脱硫率不足30%;铝脱氧钢的冶炼过程中,在不喂铝丝的情况下,随S含量降低,钢中Al含量降低;在RH前钢中应有足够的Al脱除钢中的氧,以利于RH脱硫。     

220／110kV混压同塔四回输电线路耐雷性能研究

为评估220／110kV混压同塔四回输电线路的耐雷性能,采用改进电气几何模型（EGM）与电磁暂态程序（EMTP／ATP）计算了其绕、反击跳闸率,并分析了地面倾角、地线保护角、杆塔呼称高度、接地电阻、架设耦合地线等因素的影响。计算结果表明,混压同塔四回路220kV线路绕击相对严重,110kV线路反击相对严重。最后,提出了改善线路雷电性能的措施,建议在实际工程中防绕击采用负保护角（〈-5°）和安装侧向避雷针,防反击采用降低杆塔接地电阻（≤5Ω）和架设耦合地线。     

Precision dilatometer analysis of neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite recovery process up to 1673 K

Specimens of two kinds of isotropic nuclear graphite, IG-110U and ETP-10, were neutron-irradiated at fluence of 1.92 × 10²⁴ n/m² (E > 1.0 MeV) at 473 K. The recoveries of the macroscopic lengths of these specimens during isothermal and isochronal annealing at temperatures of up to 1673 K were investigated in a step-wise manner by using a precision dilatometer. The macroscopic lengths after isochronal annealing for 6 h at each temperature decreased gradually as the temperature was increased to 1673 K. The recovery trends of the c-axis and a-axis lattice parameters differed from one another, and from the macroscopic length recovery trends. For the IG-110U specimen, the activation energies (E_a) of macroscopic volume recovery corresponding to annealing at 523–773, 773–923, 923–1073, and 1073–1173 K were found to be 0.15, 0.34, 0.73, and 2.59 eV, respectively. For the ETP-10 specimen, the E_a corresponding to 523–923, 923–1223, and 1223–1373 K were determined to be 0.15, 0.46, and 2.19 eV, respectively. These results indicate that both graphite specimens underwent three or four stages of macroscopic length recovery between 523 K and the annealing temperatures at which their initial lengths were recovered. It is suggested that during the first stage recovery proceeded via the migration of single interstitials along the basal plane and the resulting V-I recombination. In the middle stages, recovery occurred due to the migration of interstitial groups such as C₂ along the basal plane, while in the last stage, it proceeded via through-layer migration of interstitials or migration of single vacancies.