由氮氧化物导致的乙烯装置冷箱低压甲烷侧冻堵分析

针对中沙乙烯冷箱系统低压甲烷侧冻堵情况,基于乙烯装置因氮氧化物(NOx)导致冷箱冻堵,检测了在不同复热时期不同取样点的NOx、形态氮、总氮以及裂解原料中氮和氧含量.分析认为,冷箱中NOx的形成原因为进入深冷系统的裂解气从裂解单元带入NO,在冷箱中与O2反应,原料中的氮化物形成了NOx.     

煤矿黏土注浆管路淤堵软化实验与应用

为了解决煤矿黏土注浆管路淤堵问题,开展黏土注浆管路淤堵软化实验和应用研究。在黏土注浆管路淤堵特征剖析的基础上,通过软化剂作用下黏土崩解实验开展相关研究。结果表明:强氧化类的软化剂与黏土试样反应最为激烈,碱性软化剂与黏土试样反应最慢,酸性软化剂与黏土试样反应速度适中。以0.1 mol/L氨基磺酸溶液或0.25 mol/L醋酸溶液作为黏土淤堵软化剂最优。实践证明,采用管路涂抹环氧树脂,重点部位压力监测,淤堵管路浸泡软化剂等手段可以有效防治黏土灌浆管路淤堵问题。     

溜井储矿段矿石流动特性的影响因素分析*

溜井中矿岩散体的流动特性关系到溜井放矿的安全和可靠。为确保溜井放矿的顺畅性,在分析矿石流动性对溜井放矿影响的基础上,从理论上分析了影响储矿段矿石流动特性的因素。主要包括矿岩结块性、矿岩散体的粒度及分布特征、矿岩含水量、溜井结构、矿石流对井内储料的冲击夯实作用和溜井贮矿高度6个方面。结合部分矿山实践经验,提出了缩短矿岩在溜井中的停滞时间、改善矿岩爆破效果、优化溜井结构参数、控制含水量和粉矿含量、减轻运动矿岩对井内储料的冲击夯实等改善矿岩流动性的针对性解决措施,对于防范溜井储矿段堵塞问题具有重要的作用。     

由空预器堵塞引发的非典型燃烧问题及解决

本文阐述了通过对非典型锅炉燃烧问题的若干分析查证,最终定位空预器有严重堵塞情况,并对空预器提出多种处理方案,有效的解决了空预器堵塞问题,保证了机组安全运行。     

脱盐水装置之反渗透系统污堵原因解析

介绍了脱盐水装置反渗透系统生产运行中产生的污堵现象和相关数据;简述了垢样分析和模拟分析的试验结果;分析了反渗透系统污堵的原因;提出了及时对设备反冲洗、控制药剂用量、调整过滤器等技改方案.结果表明,技改后的反渗透系统运行稳定,不仅解决了污堵问题,而且可节省药剂费和耗材费约260万元/a.     

飞航导弹子母弹对机场跑道封锁概率研究

针对飞航导弹子母弹打击机场跑道,建立了子母弹抛撒的椭圆散布模型．考虑子母弹精度的影响,研究了飞航导弹子母弹封锁机场跑道的概率,并与弹道导弹子母弹做了比较．分析了散布区域大小、形状和进入角对跑道失效率的影响,为武器系统设计和作战使用提供参考．     

Calculation Method and Analysis of Blockage Time of Cluster Munitions Against Runway

The blockage probability and the blockage time are two important indexes for assessing the blockage efficiency of cluster munitions against the runway. The improved region-by-region searching method and the random sampling method are proposed to calculate the blockage time by considering the minimum number of craters which need to be re- paired after attack. A minimum leave window （MLW） with the minimum number of craters is found out as a region to be repaired, the blockage probability and the blockage time are calculated by the two methods in which the impact points of the sub-munitions are generated with Monte-Carlo simulation technique. An example is given to show the reasonableness of the two methods under the conditions of adequacy simulating times and enough sampling times, and how to choose the methods in application.     

Effects of cooling channel blockage on fuel plate temperature in Tehran Research Reactor

In this study, the variation of the temperature distribution of the fuel plate in Tehran Research Reactor core was studied in case of coolant channels blockage. While the experimental method is not possible, both the analytical and simulation methods were used to obtain the more reliable data. The results show that one channel blockage will increase the fuel temperature to about 100%, but it does not lead to clad melt down still. With further calculation and simulation it is understood that if the coolant velocity drops to 90% of its nominal value, it may causes the clad melt-ing down. At least two channels with complete blockage even at the positions far from the core center can also melt down the clad.     

硫磺回收装置尾气超低排放处理的设计和运行

国内某炼油厂硫磺回收装置首次应用专有气液混合器,通过钠碱湿法烟气脱硫工艺实现尾气超低排放,排放烟气中SO2的浓度为10～25 mg/m3（标准状况）,脱硫率大于95%,烟气流量操作范围为0～120%,满足硫磺回收装置各种工况下的尾气超低排放。在国内硫磺尾气超低排放处理中首次采用气气换热提升烟气温度,有效减少了冒白烟现象,且解决了烟气管道和设备的硫露点腐蚀问题,同时节能4 950 MJ/h,节水和减排0.64 t/h。     

SUN生物酶解堵剂及其在胜利海上油田的应用

SUN生物酶解堵剂含有蛋白质复合酶Noyees,生物活性物Bio-P和Bio-A,异化菌,天然生物提取物等,溶于水。3%SUN水溶液可使被掺砂原油污染的岩心恢复80%~98%的渗透率。简介了SUN的解堵和增产机理。SUN可用于油田多种措施和作业:油井(包括稠油井)解堵;洗井;清防蜡;稠油井化学吞吐;三次采油井解堵;酸化、防砂工艺前置液;注水井解堵增注等。介绍了解堵施工井选择,施工工艺,在处理半径1m、SUN溶液浓度5%~8%条件下对胜利海上油田8口油井实施解堵,效果良好,有效期超过180d。详细介绍了其中1口井的施工及效果。图1表1参1。