SYZ型手动液压注油机的设计

介绍了一种便排移动式高压大流量润滑脂注油机．对其工作原理、结构特点、参数计算、材料选用及使用效果作了办好说明。     

尿素装置高压氨泵入口流量低联锁改造

尿素装置高压氨泵原来的入口流量低联锁能够满足在吸入流量低的时候打开回流阀确保泵的安全,但是无法满足泵启动过程等特殊情况下的操作需求,论述如何从软件、硬件两个方面进行联锁改造。     

工艺参数对轻石脑油裂解结焦的影响

为了研究工艺参数对结焦的影响,以轻石脑油为裂解原料,在设定工艺条件下进行了HP40合金试样氧化表面的结焦试验。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散谱仪(EDS)对HP40合金试样表面的氧化层和焦层进行了表征。考察了裂解时间、裂解温度和稀释比对其结焦的影响。结果表明,HP40合金试样表面氧化层多孔,为尖晶石结构,尖晶石的粒径最大约为0.5μm。在裂解温度为850℃时,随着时间增加,结焦量、催化焦丝直径增加,焦丝直径生长速率约为0.027μm/min;在裂解时间为20 min时,随着温度增加,催化焦丝直径增加,焦丝直径生长速率约为0.0051μm/℃,当焦丝直径增加至0.8μm左右时,催化结焦过程结束,热裂解结焦开始。稀释比增大,结焦速率降低。     

降低HP295焊瓶钢卷板屈强比的实践

本文介绍了新钢热轧生产线HP295焊瓶钢的生产情况。生产实践表明,通过提高精轧终轧温度,采用两阶段冷却方式,可使HP295的屈强比低于0.8,各项力学性能满足国标GB6653-1994要求。     

尿素高压新设备役中发生的典型问题综述

综述新投用的尿素高压静设备，动设备及高压管理，阀门在近两年运行中发生的典型问题，提出根本的管理措施。     

微合金化的HP合金中的铌、锆分布及作用

利用宏观、显微组织观察和萃取碳化物的X射线分析,使用电子探针等技术手段,对铌、锆在HP合金中的分布及存在形态进行定性.探讨这两个强碳化物形成元素对HP合金的影响.     

Exposure and effects assessment of persistent organohalogen contaminants in arctic wildlife and fish

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) encompass an array of anthropogenic organic and elemental substances and their degradation and metabolic byproducts that have been found in the tissues of exposed animals, especially POPs categorized as organohalogen contaminants (OHCs). OHCs have been of concern in the circumpolar arctic for decades. For example, as a consequence of bioaccumulation and in some cases biomagnification of legacy (e.g., chlorinated PCBs, DDTs and CHLs) and emerging (e.g., brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and in particular polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanic acid (PFOA) found in Arctic biota and humans. Of high concern are the potential biological effects of these contaminants in exposed Arctic wildlife and fish. As concluded in the last review in 2004 for the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) on the effects of POPs in Arctic wildlife, prior to 1997, biological effects data were minimal and insufficient at any level of biological organization. The present review summarizes recent studies on biological effects in relation to OHC exposure, and attempts to assess known tissue/body compartment concentration data in the context of possible threshold levels of effects to evaluate the risks. This review concentrates mainly on post-2002, new OHC effects data in Arctic wildlife and fish, and is largely based on recently available effects data for populations of several top trophic level species, including seabirds (e.g., glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus)), polar bears (Ursus maritimus), polar (Arctic) fox (Vulpes lagopus), and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), as well as semi-captive studies on sled dogs (Canis familiaris). Regardless, there remains a dearth of data on true contaminant exposure, cause-effect relationships with respect to these contaminant exposures in Arctic wildlife and fish. Indications of exposure effects are largely based on correlations between biomarker endpoints (e.g., biochemical processes related to the immune and endocrine system, pathological changes in tissues and reproduction and development) and tissue residue levels of OHCs (e.g., PCBs, DDTs, CHLs, PBDEs and in a few cases perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs)). Some exceptions include semi-field studies on comparative contaminant effects of control and exposed cohorts of captive Greenland sled dogs, and performance studies mimicking environmentally relevant PCB concentrations in Arctic charr. Recent tissue concentrations in several arctic marine mammal species and populations exceed a general threshold level of concern of 1 part-per-million (ppm), but a clear evidence of a POP/OHC-related stress in these populations remains to be confirmed. There remains minimal evidence that OHCs are having widespread effects on the health of Arctic organisms, with the possible exception of East Greenland and Svalbard polar bears and Svalbard glaucous gulls. However, the true (if any real) effects of POPs in Arctic wildlife have to be put into the context of other environmental, ecological and physiological stressors (both anthropogenic and natural) that render an overall complex picture. For instance, seasonal changes in food intake and corresponding cycles of fattening and emaciation seen in Arctic animals can modify contaminant tissue distribution and toxicokinetics (contaminant deposition, metabolism and depuration). Also, other factors, including impact of climate change (seasonal ice and temperature changes, and connection to food web changes, nutrition, etc. in exposed biota), disease, species invasion and the connection to disease resistance will impact toxicant exposure. Overall, further research and better understanding of POP/OHC impact on animal performance in Arctic biota are recommended. Regardless, it could be argued that Arctic wildlife and fish at the highest potential risk of POP/OHC exposure and mediated effects are East Greenland, Svalbard and (West and South) Hudson Bay polar bears, Alaskan and Northern Norway killer whales, several species of gulls and other seabirds from the Svalbard area, Northern Norway, East Greenland, the Kara Sea and/or the Canadian central high Arctic, East Greenland ringed seal and a few populations of Arctic charr and Greenland shark.     

高压短管丝头开裂原因分析

对含裂纹高压短管做了裂纹断口分析、裂纹表面金相和扫描电镜分析、裂纹内及表面能谱分析和冲击试验。试验分析表明,该管失效原因是材料质量不符合要求,材料本身存在制造缺陷,促成了使用中疲劳裂纹的产生,管材中过量的碳与介质中氢结合产生的氢腐蚀加剧了裂纹的扩展。     

基于MC/SG的双机热备系统设计与实现

详细介绍服务器双机技术,分析双机热备技术的主要功能,并根据企业系统的需求,提出双机设计方案,并对系统中双机热备实现细节进行相应的阐述。     

On the temperature distribution in polymer electrolyte fuel cells

This paper presents 2D thermal model of a fuel cell to elucidate some of the issues and important parameters with respect to temperature distributions in PEM fuel cells. A short review on various properties affecting the temperature profile and the heat production in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is included. At an average current density of 1 A cm⁻², it is found that the maximum temperature of the MEA is elevated by between 4.5 and 15 K compared to the polarisation plate temperature. The smallest deviation corresponds to one dimensional transport, while the largest corresponds to the two dimensional transport considering anisotropic thermal conductivity. The two dimensional thermal model further predicts increased lost work. While most of the heat generation is allocated in the cathode, it is shown that the heat effect may be balanced by the water phase change in the anode. The most significant factor in determining the temperature distribution is the gas channel geometry (width and channel type), followed by the thermal conductivity of the porous transport layer and state of the water in the cell.