浅析U形管高加过热段出口汽温迭取与传热面积优化

U形管高压加热器在国内外火电机组中已得到广泛应用,高加的传热面积优化具有重要技术经济意义。本文仅就顺流传热面布置下过热段出口汽温(即过热段与凝结段分界点蒸汽温度)对于计算传热面积的影响做一初浅分析。     

50MW机组负荷突变问题的探索性研究

近年来,诸多电厂反映采用"G-1型"高调门的机组在升降负荷过程中有负荷突变的现象出现,影响机组的安全运行。本文以中平能化高调门的成功改造为案本,着重阐述了对负荷突变问题所进行的深入调研分析,以及提出的改进措施。     

Damage prediction of HP40Nb steel with coupled creep and carburization based on the continuum damage mechanics

HP40Nb steel,used as a candidate material for ethylene cracking furnace tube,suffers creep and carburization damage from the complex environment of high temperature,high carbon potential and low oxygen partial pressure,and they lead to failure of the furnace tubes ahead of designed life.In order to investigate damage evolution under the complex condition,coupled creep damage and carburization damage constitutive equations were developed according to continuum damage mechanics theory.Based on the finite element ABAQUS code,user subroutines were developed for analyzing damage evolution of ethylene furnace tube under the action of coupled creepcarburization.The results show that carburization accelerates the damage process dramatically,damage value reaches the critical value along the inner surface after serving for 75,000 h under the action of creep-carburization,meanwhile the damage value is only 0.53 along the outer surface after operating the same time under the action of creep alone,which means that microcracks are generated along the inner surface under the action of coupled creep-carburization,fracture begins along the outer surface of tube under the action of creep alone.     

1 000 MW二次再热机组高压加热器系统开发及应用

介绍了由上海电气电站设备有限公司电站辅机厂自主开发的1 000 MW二次再热机组的高压加热器系统。其设计开发基于失效模式的设计理念,利用有限元分析和温度场分析方法,在典型三段式换热结构的基础上创新性地开发了纯逆流换热结构,选取特殊的耐热钢91材料,制定了专有的企业标准和设计准则。该设备和系统具有安装维护便捷、运行平稳高效的特点,很好的符合了机组运行的边界条件,提高了机组的效率。该技术可推广应用到660 MW或1 000 MW同类机组中,将取得极大的经济效益和社会效益。     

Correlation between Chinese and international energy prices based on a HP filter and time difference analysis

To establish a reasonable system and mechanism for Chinese energy prices, we use the Granger causality test, Hodrick–Prescott (HP) filter and time difference analysis to research the pricing relationship between Chinese and international energy prices. We find that Chinese and international crude oil prices changed synchronously while Chinese refined oil prices follow the changes of international oil prices with the time difference being about 1 month to 2 months. Further, Australian coal prices Granger causes Chinese coal prices, and there is a high correlation between them. The U.S. electricity price is influenced by the WTI crude oil price, the U.S. gasoline price and the HenryHub gas price. Due to the unreasonable price-setting mechanism and regulation from the central government, China′s terminal market prices for both electricity and natural gas do not reflect the real supply–demand situation. This paper provides quantitative results on the correlation between Chinese and international energy prices to better predict the impact of international energy price fluctuations on China′s domestic energy supply and guide the design of more efficient energy pricing policies. Moreover, it provides references for developing countries to improve their energy market systems and trading, and to coordinate domestic and international energy markets.     

700℃以上超超临界汽轮机高中压转子用材研究

综合国外700℃以上汽轮机高中压转子材料研究情况,结合我国高温合金材料的发展水平,给出我国700℃以上超超临界汽轮机高中压转子用材建议。     

大型蒸汽轮机高压缸铸件的铸造工艺

介绍了蒸汽轮机高压缸铸件的结构特点和技术条件,分析了其技术难点,确定了分型面和工艺参数,设计了浇冒口系统,利用MAGMA软件对铸件的凝固及充型过程进行了模拟,优化了铸造工艺方案。工艺验证结果表明,高压缸管孔的壁厚均匀,铸件的组织致密,无缩松,性能可满足顾客要求,达到了降低生产制造成本,提高铸件质量的目的。     

高压蒸汽过热盘管变形原因分析及对策

介绍甲醇装置高压蒸汽过热盘管变形的具体情况,分析高压蒸汽过热盘管变形的原因,并提出相应的对策。     

加氢改质装置高压临氢管道裂纹的处理

中国石油哈尔滨石化分公司加氢改质装置在使用过程中,发现该装置的高压临氢管道上的热偶接管和主管道连接角焊缝发生泄漏,随即停工进行排查,停工排查期间又发现反应器入口管线热电偶接管和主管道连接角焊缝发生泄漏。该公司立即制定了更换失效部位主管段的抢修方案,在抢修过程中选用适宜的保护措施、切割方法、焊接工艺以及热处理过程。通过更换母材,排查类似焊道等措施,消除了隐患,恢复生产。     

美国思科公司、惠普公司企业文化特点及启示——2010年高级管理人才培训班赴美国学习考察报告节选

简要介绍美国思科公司、惠普公司企业文化的主要内容和特点,分析两公司企业文化在其生存、发展、壮大中所发挥的重要作用。结合中国石化发展目标的需求和从思科、惠普两公司企业文化中得到的启示,对当前中国石化企业文化建设的部分相关内容进行思考并提出建议。