A fuzzy constraint satisfaction approach for electronic shopping assistance

The Internet and World Wide Web offer an additional channel for consumers to find, select, and buy products. However, unlike shopping in the traditional store, consumers have no direct contact with human clerks to get the required information in the electronic store. The objective of this paper is to propose a fuzzy constraint satisfaction approach to help buyers find fully satisfactory or replacement products in electronic shopping. For the buyer who can give precise product requirements, the proposed approach can generate product-ranking lists based on the satisfaction degrees of each product to the given requirements. For the buyer who may not input accurate requirements, a similarity analysis approach is proposed to assess buyer requirements automatically during his browsing process. The proposed approach could help buyers find the preferred products on the top of the ranking list without further searching the remaining pages. The experimental results show the applicability of the proposed approach for electronic shopping assistance.     

Agent-Mediated Electronic Commerce

Electronic commerce has been one of the traditional arenas for agent technology. The complexity of these applications has been a challenge for researchers that have developed methodologies, products, and systems, having in mind the specificities of trade, the interaction particularities of commerce, the strict notion of commitment and contract, and the clearly shaped conventions and norms that structure the field. In this paper I survey some key areas for agent technology which, although general, are of special importance in electronic commerce, namely, solid development methodologies, negotiation technologies and trust-building mechanisms. I give examples of systems in which I have directly participated, although I also try to refer to the work of other AgentLink Special Interest Group members over the last few years.     

A parametrization for dissipative behaviors

The behavioral equivalent of single input single output (SISO) systems are behaviors with two manifest variables. Passive SISO systems can, therefore, be viewed as J-dissipative behaviors with two manifest variables. Here the special matrix J defines a QDF that captures the passivity property of SISO systems. In this paper, we investigate more general QDFs Q_Φs induced by some operator Φ. These QDFs define some relation between the input, the output and their derivatives of a SISO system. We characterize all behaviors that are dissipative with respect to the prescribed QDF Q_Φ. In fact, we parametrize all the behaviors dissipative with respect to Q_Φ in terms of those dissipative with respect to the special QDF Q_J induced by the matrix J. Similar results can also be given for lossless systems.     

An Attempt at the Classification of Energy Decaying Schemes for Structural and Multibody Dynamics

This paper analyzes the formulation of energy preserving/decaying schemes for dynamics problems. We argue that any energy preserving/decaying scheme can always be seen as composed of an underlying temporal discretization, that is then slightly modified in order to prove a discrete energy bound within a time step. While the details of the modified scheme depend in a critical way on the governing equations, the underlying discretization can in principle be applied to a variety of models. We review some of the temporal underlying schemes recently proposed in the literature, presenting them with a common notation. We show their similarities and highlight their differences.     

论明槽挟沙水流的阻力

从挟沙水流的能量平衡原理出发 ,指出泥沙的运动从两个方面影响水流的阻力 :一是由于卡门常数的减小而引起的阻力减少 ,二是由于推移质泥沙的存在而引起的阻力增大。两者对阻力的作用正好相反 ,因而挟沙水流阻力比清水可能减小、增大及不变 ,取决于两者的对比程度。并从理论上给出了动平整床面挟沙水流阻力的计算公式 ,该公式的计算结果与实测资料吻合较好     

从变频空调的原理谈空调的选购

随着我国目前电力供应的紧张和电价的上调,变频空调以其舒适节能成为市场销售的新亮点.本文通过变频空调的基本原理、使用效果及未来发展趋势来引导消费者正确地加以选择.     

多排钢管冲击波压扁行为研究

多排钢管吸能元件在冲击波作用下的大变形问题，对于抗爆结构的吸能装置设计具有重要意义。在单个钢管的动力压扁过程清楚的基础上，根据实验分析了多排钢管受径向冲击塑性行为，建立了八塑性铰机构，描述了钢管压扁位移速度场。给出了塑性铰附近的塑性弯矩值计算方法。     

用于海水反渗透淡化系统的能量回收器的实验研究

介绍了用于海水反渗透淡化系统的余压能量回收器的工作原理，建立了相应的实验装置，研究了能量回收器工作流体的流量和压力的变化规律，分析了其中的变化原因，为今后能量回收器的设计和优化提供可靠的依据．     

低能电子投射全息的计算机模拟和数值重现研究

点源发出的低能量电子波经过样品的散射后,带有物体原子结构信息的散射波(物波)和未被散射的电子波(参考波)在收集平面上相互干涉形成的电子全息图即为低能电子投射全息图.本文在合理的物理模型下,以石墨的晶体结构为试样,通过计算机模拟的方法,首次对低能电子投射全息进行了研究,讨论了一些关键参数对晶体结构电子全息的重现像和分辨率的影响,并且实现了晶体结构三维数值重现,讨论了三维重现的效果.     

高温水源热泵在地热供暖中的应用

针对目前地热供暖应用的现状,比较了各种常规的供暖模式的经济及环保效益;介绍了一种全新的地热、高温水源热泵的供暖方案,为低温地热水、地热尾水及其它各种温度在30～60℃之间的中低品位余热水资源提供了一种高效、合理的利用途径.