Estimation of thermal parameters of the enclosed electronic package system by using dynamic thermal response

A methodology for modeling and simulating the electro-thermal behavior of an enclosed electronic package is presented and validated. The electro-thermal model is constructed using system dynamics. The system model, in which the electrical and the thermal domain are combined, is presented. The developed model describes the dynamic thermal behavior system that was an electronic device in the test enclosure. An effective way to identify the thermal parameters of the system, especially the thermal contact resistance, is suggested. In detail, the new method for thermal resistance identification is based on the temperature difference behavior between the component and the air temperature inside the enclosure. Based on the proposed model, either the variation of the heat source or the ambient temperature can be estimated. Simulated results were in good agreement with the measured temperature in the transient state accompanying with the variation of the environment.     

Thermal Stability Study of Cu(MoN<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>) Seed Layer on Barrierless Si

This study reports the good thermal stability of a sputtered Cu(MoN _x ) seed layer on a barrierless Si substrate. A Cu film with a small amount of MoN _x was deposited by reactive co-sputtering of Cu and Mo in an Ar/N₂ gas mixture. After annealing at 560°C for 1 h, no copper silicide formation was observed at the interface of Cu and Si. Leakage current and resistivity evaluations reveal the good thermal reliability of Cu with a dilute amount of MoN _x at temperatures up to 560°C, suggesting its potential application in advanced barrierless metallization. The thermal performance of Cu(MoN _x ) as a seed layer was evaluated when pure Cu is deposited on top. X-ray diffraction, focused ion beam microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy results confirm the presence of an ∼10-nm-thick reaction layer formed at the seed layer/Si interface after annealing at 630°C for 1 h. Although the exact composition and structure of this reaction layer could not be unambiguously identified due to trace amounts of Mo and N, this reaction layer protects Cu from a detrimental reaction with Si. The Cu(MoN _x ) seed layer is thus considered to act as a diffusion buffer with stability up to 630°C for the barrierless Si scheme. An electrical resistivity of 2.5 μΩ cm was obtained for the Cu/Cu(MoN _x ) scheme after annealing at 630°C.     

物联网通信中的无线信道抗干扰算法

在物联网通信中,无线信道的抗干扰性依然受到各种因素影响,多天线系统对信道质量改善有较好的效果,但其信号检测的复杂度和性能还需要进一步提升。基于 QR 分解的检测算法具有较低的计算复杂度,但检测性能有待改善。为了改善QR分解检测算法的性能,提出一种基于ML准则结合判决候选机制的QR分解算法,并对其性能进行了分析。该算法采用 ML 准则对初始层进行精确估计检测,而后对其他检测层进行可靠判决,不可靠则引入候选点并从中选择最优候选点进行反馈。该算法可以显著改善系统干扰,并且在判决回馈中大大减少错误传播。实验仿真表明,在增加一定复杂度的情况下,该算法能够有效改善物联网系统性能。     

一种微控弹簧测试装置

基于目前弹簧测试有的是手动测试,有的是半自动测试.人为因素多,测试精度低,劳动强度大,数据记录保存不便.本文现介绍一种具有各种综合性能测试的高精度弹簧测试装置.它采用微机控制,自动测试,自动给出合格与否的判据;直观显示,自动保存并打印报表;构思独特,设计巧妙,机械装置紧凑独特,具有一定的推广应用价值.     

单级与双级Boost变换器微能量收集电路的对比研究

随着物联网技术和无线传感技术的快速发展,低功耗设备的自供能技术得到了广泛研究和关注。针对传统微能量收集系统存在的电路结构复杂、效率低、电压传输比受限等问题,提出了双级Boost变换器微能量存储方案,并与传统单级Boost升压方案进行了对比分析。通过Matlab仿真进行理论验证,结果表明,双级Boost变换器微能量收集方式极大地提高了同等电压高变比传输下的效率,使设备的组网供能更易于实现,为低电压微能量收集系统的设计提供了一种新方案。     

Water‐Stable,Magnetic Silica–Cobalt/Cobalt Oxide–Silica Multishell Submicrometer Spheres

A method to produce monodisperse magnetic composite spheres with diameters from less than 100 nm to more than 1 μm in water solution is reported. The spheres consist of a dielectric silica core and a cobalt/cobalt oxide shell which can be protected from further oxidation with an outer shell of silica or, alternatively, they can be covered with the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizer. The formation of a uniform magnetic shell proceeds with the adsorption of metallic cobalt seeds, produced by the reduction of cobalt chloride with sodium borohydride, on a self‐assembled layer of polyelectrolytes on the silica core. In the second step, an outer silica shell can be formed by the hydrolysis and condensation of (3‐aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane. The double‐shell composite spheres show excellent sphericity, monodispersity, and a magnetic hysteresis loop at room temperature.     

一种改进的变步长LMS算法

LMS算法由于简单而获得了广泛的应用,大量的深入研究不断地改善了它的性能。LMS算法存在收敛速度和稳态失调之间的固有冲突,变步长因子可以获得二者之间的有效平衡。对已有的一些变步长LMS自适应滤波算法进行了分析,在此基础上提出一种改进的变步长LMS算法,步长因子同时考虑了指数为预测误差的一次和二次幂的2项。算法在保持较快收敛速度的同时,获得更优的稳态预测误差。对比仿真实验证明了算法的优越性。     

局部混压技术

混压技术因其在达到信号要求的情况下既降低了成本并在一定程度上提高了可靠性,在业界得到广泛的应用。但是高频或高速信号在一个系统内往往只是局部需求,同时系统集成度也越来越高,一块板内集成了数模等多种混合电路,在实质上对密度或介质的需求也不一样。文章介绍了局部混压技术的应用范围及前景,并针对关键技术的研发和实践进行探讨。     

基于单片机的低压马达保护装置

介绍了一种以单片机MSP430为控制核心的低压马达保护装置,能够实现对低压马达故障进行判断和保护。分析了低压马达在工作时的常见故障和判定依据,及傅里叶算法作为采样算法。设计了以单片机控制系统的硬件电路,能够实现过载、堵转、短路、断相、不平衡等马达故障的功能保护,提出了软件设计程序流程。该装置能够有效且可靠地保护低压马达。     

基于TMS320F2812的步进电机SVPWM细分驱动

利用数字信号处理器TMS320F2812的外设事件管理器实现硬件空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)算法,并结合细分驱动技术,实现了对三相步进电机的驱动及起停、调速等功能的控制。实验结果表明,电机运行平稳顺畅。