模糊自适应控制在永磁同步电机直接转矩控制的应用

提出了一种新的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制方法。永磁同步电机直接转矩控制中,没有任何一个逆变器开关矢量能够产生恰好的定子电压,使该电压可以产生所期望的转矩和磁通变化,因而产生了较大的转矩和磁通脉动,并且逆变器的开关周期不恒定。这种脉动通过控制正反电压矢量作用时间可以降低,提出了一种自适应模糊控制器确定占空比的方法。该控制器输出部分的比例因子可以根据转矩的变化趋势经自适应机构的模糊规则库在线调整,不仅可以使永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统保持恒定的开关频率,而且可以有效地减小磁链和转矩脉动,特别是低速时的转矩脉动。仿真验证了自适应模糊永磁同步电机直接转矩控制策略的有效性。     

Study and experimental performance evaluation of flux intensifying PM motor with variable leakage magnetic flux

This paper describes a flux intensifying permanent‐magnet (PM) motor with variable leakage magnetic flux. The unique feature of this proposed motor is the ability to passively adjust the magnetic flux linkage into the armature windings in proportion to the armature magnetomotive force and/or armature current phase. The magnetic circuit topology of the flux intensifying PM motor and the passive variable leakage magnetic flux are determined through FE analysis. Then, the driving performance is experimentally elucidated through comparison with that of a reverse salient pole type (flux weakening) PM motor without variable leakage magnetic flux.     

基于改进全阶滑模观测器的IPMSM无传感器控制

针对传统全阶滑模观测器存在抖振及观测精度差的问题,提出一种改进全阶滑模观测器的内置式永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制策略.该策略采用准符号函数代替非线性符号函数作为切换函数,并且利用Lyapunov函数和等效控制的思想对系统进行稳定性分析;在此基础上,为了避免电机转速大小变化影响转子位置的估计精度,设计了与电机转速相关的自...     

基于高频信号耦合注入的内置式永磁同步电机

内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)受转子凸极性的影响,绕组电感随转子磁极位置呈周期变化。考虑到上述特征,提出一种基于高频信号注入的IPMSM转子初始位置检测方法。将高频信号依次注入定子两相绕组,并提取定子绕组高频信号线电压,运算处理后获得没有考虑转子磁极极性的初始位置角。随后注入脉冲电压矢量进行转子极性判断,从而获得准确的初始位置角。理论分析和试验结果表明,该方法对电阻参数依赖较小,不受逆变器非线性和电流传感器检测精度的影响,能够准确检测转子初始位置角,满足IPMSM平稳起动的要求。     

基于电感辨识的电流解耦算法在内置式永磁同步电机弱磁控制中的应用

电流耦合效应在内置式永磁同步电机的弱磁高速运行中尤为突出,造成了较大的电流跟踪误差,导致转矩输出性能变坏。提出基于电感辨识的电流解耦算法,采用带遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法对电感参数进行在线辨识,并将辨识的结果应用到基于电压前馈补偿的电流解耦算法中,既实现了电流的完全解耦,也提高了系统对电感参数变化的鲁棒性。仿真和实验结果表明,所提算法在弱磁区能够获得较好的电流控制效果,使实际电流能快速准确地跟踪给定电流,提高了转矩输出能力,增强了系统的动态性能。     

考虑参数不确定的永磁同步电机MTPA控制综述

内嵌式永磁同步电机(interior permanent magnet synchronous motor,IPMSM)最大转矩电流比(maximum torque per ampere,MTPA)控制方法充分利用磁阻转矩,降低电枢电流,提升系统效率,成为现代电机驱动控制的重要发展方向。在实际运行过程中,电机参数不确定导致MTPA控制偏离最优解,因此提高MTPA控制的鲁棒性和实用性具有重要意义。该文着重介绍了考虑参数不确定的多种MTPA控制方法,归纳和总结了相关方法的关键技术和研究成果。重点阐述了高频信号注入法的理论核心,探讨了由信号注入法演化而来的其他方法的性能优势和应用局限,并提出一种改进的MTPA控制方案。最后,针对考虑参数不确定的内嵌式永磁同步电机MTPA控制方法目前亟需解决的问题和发展趋势进行分析和展望。     

Robust Sliding Mode Speed Controller-based Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) and Load Torque Estimator for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) Drives

This paper presents a robust sliding mode control (SMC)-based model reference adaptive system (MRAS) aimed at improving the dynamic performance of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives. MRAS following a speed controller for IPMSM drives is developed. The error signal between the plant speed and MRAS speed is augmented to permit the prescribed specifications be maintained using SMC. The load disturbance is detected using a load torque estimator and is compensated through the q-axis current reference value. The load torque estimator is used to provide a feedforward value in the speed controller in order to decouple the load torque from the speed control. This method can improve IPMSM dynamic performance against the disturbance torque without increasing SMC gain due to both chattering and stability limitations. The complete field-oriented control of an IPMSM drive with the proposed controller is successfully implemented in real time using the DSP-DS1102 control board for a laboratory 1-hp motor. A performance comparison of the proposed controller with the conventional PI controller is also provided. The efficacy of the proposed controller is verified by simulation and experimentation under different operating conditions. It is found that the proposed controller provides an excellent speed response under load torque disturbance and parameter uncertainty.     

考虑交叉耦合时电动汽车用内置式永磁同步电机交直轴电感计算

内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)以高转矩电流比、更宽的调速区间、高功率密度、高效率等优点在电动汽车领域应用广泛。电动汽车用IPMSM磁路结构复杂,饱和程度高,造成交直轴磁路的交叉耦合,使得交直轴之间产生互感。对交叉耦合现象进行了磁路分析,阐述了其对磁链和电感参数的影响。采用冻结磁导率法(FPM)和有限元法(FEM)对交直轴电感进行计算,并对电感参数随电流变化情况进行了定量分析。对比2种计算方法得出的交直轴电感参数,发现计算结果吻合较好。最后,对比分析了2种方法计算交直轴电感的优缺点,分析表明以FEM为主FPM为辅计算交直轴电感参数,能保证电感参数的精确度,缩短计算时间。     

Stability analysis of sensorless speed control of IPMSM

In the speed control of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), for stability reasons, the closed‐loop pole positions should be on the left‐hand side of the S‐plane, and for fast response requirements these poles should have a small time constant. Unfortunately, the motor poles have a very long time constant, which makes the system response very slow. To solve this problem, the zeros of PI controllers are used to compensate the motor poles. As the motor operates, the temperature increases, which changes the parameters of the motor and, accordingly, the motor poles change their position so the PI controller cannot compensate these poles. To solve this problem, many parameter estimation algorithms have been used to detect new parameter values and adapt the PI controller gains so that to compensate the motor poles continually. These parameter estimation algorithms complicate and add cost to the system. This paper demonstrates that, for a temperature up to 70 °C, the system is capable of giving fast response and stable operation by using a good design of the PI controller regardless of the parameter changes.     

基于有效磁链观测器的内置式永磁同步电机的无差拍直接转矩控制

为提高永磁同步电机驱动系统的性能,提出一种无速度传感器内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)无差拍直接转矩控制方法。在建立电机离散化模型的基础上,导出了转矩与磁链的无差拍电压控制律。采用图形化辅助解析的方法,直观地表达了无差拍直接转矩控制电压矢量解的物理含义。将无差拍直接转矩控制与基于有效磁链观测器的速度估算方法相结合,实现了IPMSM的无速度传感器控制。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。