熔模铸造型壳抗弯弹性模量的研究

依据材料力学、陶瓷材料的有关理论和方法,分别对水玻璃型壳、硅溶胶型壳及其复合型壳在不同温度时的抗弯弹性模量进行了测试研究.结果表明,耐火材料、温度对型壳的弹性模量有较大的影响,硅溶胶型壳和复合型壳的弹性模量值比水玻璃型壳的大.     

入海水道二期对洪泽湖地区洪水风险的影响研究

为探究淮河入海水道二期工程对洪泽湖的泄洪能力以及周边滞洪区的影响,在对研究区河网概化及地形处理的基础上,建立了研究区河网一维、洪泽湖湖区与周边滞洪区二维耦合的水动力数值模型,并采用1991,2003,2006,2007四年实测历史洪水资料对模型进行率定及验证。基于现状工况、规划工况以及不同洪水量级,设计了5个对比方案对研究区进行洪水演进数值模拟,对不同洪水量级进行横向对比,对不同工况进行纵向对比,并对不同方案进行淹没面积分析和洪水影响分析。结果表明,入海水道二期工程的启用可以有效降低洪泽湖水位,提高洪泽湖的防洪标准和周边滞洪区的启用标准,减少同等洪水量级下的受影响人口数和区域GDP,为洪泽湖的防洪安全建设以及周边蓄滞洪区的稳定发展创造了条件。     

实践工程总承包之体会

介绍了目前国际上广为采用的5种工程总承包方式以及水泥工业建设项目总包工程合同管理和索赔管理的内容与要求;分析了设计单位进行工程总承包的优势所在;探讨了工程总包实施中各类风险。     

聚合釜超压喷料火灾爆炸事故风险分析

分析了聚合釜因过程失控产生超压的原因，并采用TNT当量法定量分析了氯乙烯泄漏爆炸事故的危害，计算出了死亡、财产损失的具体范围，提出了预防此类事故的一般性措施。     

Obesity in children – facts and fallacies

Obesity is now recognised as the most prevalent nutritional disorder affecting children. Prevalence rates across Europe have increased sharply in the past decade and the consequences of this are increasingly clear with type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension now affecting children in growing numbers. The causes of this modern epidemic are many and involve complex genetic and environmental factors and the traditional view of obesity as a product of laziness and greed is increasingly being challenged. Whatever the causes, prevention and treatment need to be considered with urgency. While personal and parental responsibility remain crucial, it also falls to government to help control powerful environmental pressures which are leading our children into premature ill‐health and mortality. Equally health professionals are increasingly recognising that they have a significant role to play in delivering medical treatment of obesity in children. Successful treatment requires a greater understanding of obesity, causes, and consequences, and of the particular style of approach that is required for children, and their families. The role of weight loss medication remains unclear, but is being examined seriously, such is the need for effective treatment strategies to minimise the incidence and severity of co‐morbid disease. Inaction at any level can no longer be considered a viable option.     

工业碳酸钡生产过程危险性分析

阐述了工业碳酸钡的生产方法。在碳酸化法生产工业碳酸钡过程中，存在着火灾、爆炸、中毒、触电、灼烫等危险因素。分析了工业碳酸钡生产的原料粉碎工段、雷蒙工段、粗钡工段、化钡工段、石灰窑工段、压缩机工段、碳化工段、过滤工段、烘干包装工段中存在的危险性，并制定了相应的预防及处理措施。指出安全措施应与主体装置同时设计、同时施工、同时投用。     

Variance-penalized Markov decision processes: dynamic programming and reinforcement learning techniques

In control systems theory, the Markov decision process (MDP) is a widely used optimization model involving selection of the optimal action in each state visited by a discrete-event system driven by Markov chains. The classical MDP model is suitable for an agent/decision-maker interested in maximizing expected revenues, but does not account for minimizing variability in the revenues. An MDP model in which the agent can maximize the revenues while simultaneously controlling the variance in the revenues is proposed. This work is rooted in machine learning/neural network concepts, where updating is based on system feedback and step sizes. First, a Bellman equation for the problem is proposed. Thereafter, convergent dynamic programming and reinforcement learning techniques for solving the MDP are provided along with encouraging numerical results on a small MDP and a preventive maintenance problem.     

PRIVACY LEAKAGE IN HEALTH SOCIAL NETWORKS

Members of health social networks may be susceptible to privacy leaks by the amount of information they leave behind. The threat to privacy increases when members of these networks reuse their pseudonyms in other social networks. The risk of re‐identifying users from such networks requires quantitative estimates to evaluate its magnitude. The estimates will enable managers and members of health social communities to take corrective measures. We introduce a new re‐identification attack, the social network attack, that takes advantage of the fact that users reuse their pseudonyms. To demonstrate the attack, we establish links between MedHelp and Twitter (two popular social networks) based on matching pseudonyms. We used Bayesian networks to model the re‐identification risk and used stylometric techniques to identify the strength of the links. On the basis of our model 7‐11. 8% of the MedHelp members in the sample population who reused their pseudonyms in Twitter were re‐identifiable compared with 1% who did not. The risk estimates were measured at the 5% risk threshold. Our model was able to re‐identify users with a sensitivity of 41% and specificity of 96%. The potential for re‐identification increases as more data is accumulated from these profiles, which makes the threat of re‐identification more serious.     

淮河流域水资源短缺风险评估与时空分析

根据2003-2013年淮河流域五省的降水量、径流系数、人均水资源量、人均GDP、人口密度等相关数据,构建水资源短缺风险评价体系,用熵权法对指标赋值,运用可变模糊模型对淮河流域及各省的水资源短缺风险进行评估和时空差异分析。结果表明:2003-2013年间淮河流域水资源短缺风险值总体较高,且呈缓慢的增长趋势,2004年降水较少,风险值达到最高;十年间河南省风险增加最为明显,而山东省较为稳定,风险增加也最低;在淮河流域五个区域中,河南省的风险程度最高,达到3.52;江苏省、山东省次之;安徽省和湖北省相对较低,达到2.86和2.51。水资源短缺风险二级指标分析发现,危险性最强的是河南省,安徽省最小;水资源短缺易损性最强的是山东省,湖北省最小;水资源短缺暴露性最强的是江苏省,山东省最小;水资源短缺可恢复性最好的是湖北省,河南省最差。同时,所有评价指标中人口密度、人均GDP、降水量对水资源短缺风险的影响较大。     

陈家冲垃圾填埋场地下水环境健康风险评价

垃圾填埋是目前国内处理城市生活垃圾的主要方式,由垃圾渗滤液引发地下水环境污染已成为当前主要的水环境问题之一。选择武汉市陈家冲垃圾填埋场为研究对象,通过对该区周边地下水布孔取样和监测,分析了垃圾填埋场对其周围地下水环境的影响。结果表明:研究区地下水的主要污染因子为Pb、Cd和Fe,且各污染物的浓度与采样深度、井距呈负相关关系。垃圾填埋场产生污染的影响范围主要在距离800m以内、深度小于5.5m的地下水。为进一步了解该区地下水对人体健康危害的风险程度,对研究区地下水进行了水环境健康风险评价,结果显示:研究区各采样井地下水的总风险值在2.71×10~(-4)/a~7.12×10~(-3)/a,均超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值5.0×10~(-5)/a,主要风险因子为基因毒物质Cd和Cr(VI)以及躯体毒物质硝态氮;其中,Cd和硝态氮所致的健康风险值超标率100%,而Cr(VI)的健康风险值超标率为50%,对暴露人群存在健康危害风险。此外,对男性和女性健康风险值的研究显示,研究区地下水环境中污染物的男性健康危害风险值普遍高于女性。