郊居离学背景下乡镇小学学生通学出行特征研究——以南京市江宁区秣陵中心小学为例

在城乡统筹背景下,“撤点并校”政策的落实使得乡镇中心学校学生居住地与上学地距离较远——“郊居离学、通学难”现象日益突出。本研究以南京市江宁区秣陵乡镇中心小学为调研对象,在统计分析学生居住地—上学地空间分布、通学出行特征等综合信息基础上,对远距离上学学生的主导交通方式——校车的路线、通学时间、出行需求及意愿进行了剖析,并对校车与其他各出行方式的上学优劣势进行了比较。最后根据凋研结果,提出了优化学生通学出行方式的相应战略与措施,提高了乡镇学生就学可达性。     

基于多目标决策法的绿色空调系统评价

依据绿色建筑评价标准,采用多目标决策法中的理想点法与权重法,从全寿命周期统筹考虑建筑功能、节地、节能、节水、室内环境、初投资、经营费、运行管理、环境影响、能源消耗等多个目标,优化选择空调系统.建立了层次模型结构,给出了运行管理、相关专业及室内环境量化指标及权重判断矩阵,通过实例验证了该计算方法的可行性及可靠性.     

谈医院净化空调系统设计中的一些问题

随着我国医院建设的快速发展,医疗水平的逐步提高,各地区对预防感染的要求更高,净化空调在医院建筑中起着举足轻重的作用,其设计、施工及运行维护直接影响着现代化医院的医疗服务质量。本文结合工程实践,探讨净化空调系统设计中的一些问题。     

北方寒冷地区住宅小区暖通空调设计探析

本文从室内采暖、室外供热、通风防排烟和空调设计四个方面结合北方寒冷地区住宅小区的要求进行了探析,有较强的实践借鉴价值。     

Combination of supercritical fluid extraction with high-speed countercurrent chromatography for extraction and isolation of ethyl p-methoxycinnamate and ethyl cinnamate from Kaempferia galanga L.

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) was successfully used for the extraction and isolation of ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) and ethyl cinnamate (EC) from Kaempferia galanga L. The SFE parameters including extraction temperature, extraction pressure and entrainer volume were optimized by central composite design (CCD). Then the crude extract was separated by HSCCC with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (7:3:8:2, v/v/v/v) in one-step within 60 min. As a result, 13 mg of EPMC and 2 mg of EC were isolated from 100 mg of crude extract with purities of 98.4% and 98.1%, as determined by HPLC. The structural identification was carried out by UV, MS and NMR spectra.     

Characterization of Crude and Partially Purified Lipase from Geotrichum candidum Obtained with Different Nitrogen Sources

Lipases from Geotrichum candidum were produced in two different medium: A = 12 % (w/v) clarified corn steep liquor (CCSL) + 0.6 % (w/v) soybean oil (SO) and B = 3.5 % (w/v) yeast hydrolysate (YH) + 0.7 % (w/v) SO. Lipases were partially purified from both media by hydrophobic interaction chromatography using 3.0 mol L^?1 of NaCl as mobile phase, and they were characterized in the crude and partially purified forms. The recovery of lipase activity from CCSL and YH via HIC were 96 and 94.3 %, and the purification factors were 44.3 and 86.7‐fold, respectively. All evaluated lipases had similar optimum pH (7.0–7.7), but, for the CCSL crude lipase, optimum temperature (47 °C) was 10 °C higher than others lipases evaluated. CCSL crude lipase possessed a higher thermo stability than YH crude lipase, e.g., at 37 °C (pH 7.0) the half‐life of CCSL crude lipase was 19.25 h and at pH 8.0 (30 °C) the half‐life was 48 h, which are five and ten times higher than with YH crude lipase, respectively. On the other hand, the YH crude lipase possessed a higher catalytic constant (k_cat = 2.3 min^?1) but with almost the same catalytic efficiency (K_m/k_cat = 32.12 mg mL min^?1) in relation to CCSL crude lipase. The lipases differ in biocatalytic properties between substrates, suggesting that the two lipases can be employed for different applications.     

自动上粕机液压系统设计

介绍自动上粕机液压系统的主要功能和设计原理。在分析自动上粕机液压系统动作和功能的基础上,提出该液压系统的设计方案,详细阐述了液压系统回路设计过程以及工作原理。经实践测试:该液压系统工作运行平稳,各项性能可满足自动上粕机作业需求,具有良好的市场应用前景。     

基于LonWorks总线的隧道灯光控制系统

提出了一种基于LonWorks总线的遂道灯光智能控制系统,设计采用神经元芯片PL3120作为控制核心,以照明系统的供电线路作为通信介质,各智能节点通过协同工作,能够简单而高效地实现隧道照明的自动化控制。     

海水空调-空调节能环保新技术

海水空调(SWAC)是将海水作为冷热源用于制热与制冷,是一种节能环保的空调方式,能有效提高一次能源利用率,减少温室气体CO2的排放等优点,在国外已经有多年运行经验,是实现海洋资源利用的实用方式之一。本文阐述了海水空调的定义,对海水空调系统形式、各组成部分设计运行作了较为详细的介绍,重点对海水空调的经济性和环境影响做了分析,最后指出了SWAC在我国的发展前景、目前存在的问题和今后研究的方向,旨在为我国将来利用海水资源进行供冷、供热提供参考。     

香炉山引水隧洞围岩的蠕变特性及模型研究

为了探究滇中引水隧洞围岩的蠕变特性,采用实时高温常规三轴试验系统开展岩石的力学性能和蠕变试验。在建立岩石蠕变本构模型的基础上,根据蠕变试验曲线的特点,提出了一种确定蠕变参数的方法,并分析了不同应力水平下蠕变参数的变化规律,构建了蠕变参数与应力的关系。最后将各蠕变参数与应力之间的表达式代入蠕变本构模型中,得到修正的蠕变本构模型。结果表明：建立的蠕变模型不仅准确反映了衰减和稳定蠕变阶段的蠕变特征,而且克服了传统模型难以描述加速蠕变的缺点。同时,该方法确定的蠕变参数不仅可以反映应力对蠕变参数的影响,还可有效反映应力状态对蠕变变形规律的影响。