喷涂层与喷熔层硬度和冲蚀磨损性能的比较

通过对高硬度耐磨喷涂层与Ni60喷熔层硬度及冲蚀磨损性能的比较，可看出喷涂层的硬质相的显微硬度与喷熔层相当；在冲蚀磨损试验中，当小角度冲蚀时喷熔层是喷涂层的2．53倍，在大角度冲蚀时喷熔层是喷涂层的1．43倍。试验证明，考虑生产成本、喷涂效率及对基体的影响等方面，喷涂层在强化某些零部件上可替代喷熔层。     

实用高性能机车涡轮增压器转速测量新方法

采取微电压多级限幅放大电路、整形措施,有效改善了传统增压器转速测量中传感器的安装使用条件;结合单片机采样周期自调节频比测频法,使增压器转速测量精度与速度有了针对性提高,且调节方便灵活。经试用,充分验证了这一方法的实用性和有效性,也为增压器转速车载测量提供了一条新的思路。文中介绍了转速信号的处理、测速原理及实现方法,并对测量结果做了分析。     

Optionality,Scope, and Licensing: An Application of Partially Ordered Categories

This paper uses a partially ordered set of syntactic categories to accommodate optionality and licensing in natural language syntax. A complex but well-studied data set pertaining to the syntax of quantifier scope and negative polarity licensing in Hungarian is used to illustrate the proposal. The presentation is geared towards both linguists and logicians. The paper highlights that the main ideas can be implemented in different grammar formalisms, and discusses in detail an implementation where the partial ordering on categories is given by the derivability relation of a calculus with residuated and Galois-connected unary operators.     

Ionic liquids containing an alkyl sulfate group as potential electrolytes

Various types of ionic liquid (IL) containing an alkyl sulfate group are synthesized and their physical and electrochemical properties are investigated. The temperature dependency of dynamic viscosity and ionic conductivity are measured for these ILs. The low temperature phase behaviour of the ethylsulfate salts is investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. Three ethylsulfate-containing ionic liquids exhibit wide electrochemical windows of about 5.0 V, and one pyrrolidinium-containing ionic liquid shows a conductivity of 3.8 mS cm⁻¹. The various cations of alkylsulfate-containing ionic liquids are shown to greatly influence viscosity, density, and conductivity. Absorbance solvatochromic probe, Nile Red is used to investigate the relative polarity of alkylsulfate base ionic liquids compared with several organic solvents. The electrochemical and thermal stabilities of these ILs make them promising electrolytes for use in electrochemical devices.     

Scalping of ethyloctanoate and linalool from a model wine into plastic films

The scalping of aroma compounds may affect the sensory properties of wines packed in plastic, such as those commercialized in aseptic multilayer packages, by reducing the intensity and changing the character of the original aroma. Up to date, no study has focused on the scalping of wine aroma compounds. The present study aimed at determining the sorption kinetics of two wine volatiles, chosen on the basis of their low threshold and high odor activity value, in linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and cast polypropylene (CPP), from a model solution simulating wine composition. The experimental data were satisfactorily fitted by the Fick's Second Law, as to prove an ideal Fickian transport diffusional character of the phenomenon. Sorption was determined by means of MHS-SPME, a technique recently developed to quantify volatile compounds from solid matrices. Ethyloctanoate was sorbed more into CPP than LLDPE, and at much higher extent than linalool, as a consequence of the different polarity of the molecules. The amount of ethyloctanoate lost at the steady state determines a significant variation of its odor activity value and the imbalance of the original aroma composition.     

中外电子政务发展的比较分析

本文详尽比较了各发达国家电子政务发展现状及特点,从中找出我国电子政务的差距,借鉴它们成功的实践经验,最后针对我国电子政务提出具有建设性的合理策略和建议。     

基于增量模型的变极性测量方法的研究和应用

测量微弱的电压信号时。测量系统中热电势的影响不能忽略。本文所讨论的基于增量模型的变极性测量方法是消除测量系统中热电势干扰的一种处理方法。这种方法将一个完整的测量过程分为三步,在测量过程中,间隔地变换激励电流的极性。测量数据经过处理后,得到待测电压的测量值。理论和实践均表明,利用该方法可以有效地去除测量系统中绝大部分由于温度变化而引起的热电势的变化对测量结果的影响,提高测量精度。     

后现代主义建筑与后工业社会工业产品设计之比较

通过对在后工业社会这一大背景下诞生的后现代主义建设同后工业产品的设计进行比较,简要分析和利弊评说,以一个新的角度去审视后工业社会中的建筑,并从后工业产品设计中的“片段思想”中获得启迪和思考。     

从图形比较看中外造形思维的差异

不同民族思维方式的差异,也会反映到图形中。本文通过对中外图形不同特点的比较分析,从语言文字、宗教神话等方面,论述了两种思维方式的不同之处和互补关系。     

如何开展实验室间的比对

从实验室的自身能力验证和内部质量控制的需要出发，讨论了开展实验室之间的比对目的、计划、实施和评价方法，并提供了一些具体实例。