西门子S7-300PLC在胎面联动线控制系统中的应用

本文介绍了SIEMENS公司S7—300PLC在胎面联动生产线控制系统中的应用。对联动线的工艺流程、系统构成、控制方案、程序设计作了比较详细的说明，并且还介绍了PROFIBUS现场总线在本联动生产线中的应用。     

自校正PID水轮机调节器

提出了一种按连续系统稳定裕量设计的自校正ＰＩＤ水轮机调节器．仿真试验表明，自校正ＰＩＤ水轮机调节器有快的系统响应和好的鲁棒性．     

开关磁阻电机调速系统在莱钢热轧带钢中的应用

文章介绍了开关磁阻电机调速系统的结构、原理及在莱钢轧钢厂热轧带钢生产线上的应用。     

斩波串级调速系统换相失败的分析与仿真

换相失败是串级调速系统逆变器的常见故障,与许多因素有关。分析了串级调速系统换相失败的原因及其影响因素,并针对电源故障引起的换相失败,提出了控制方法,运用MATLAB/simulink对该方法进行仿真研究。结果表明该方法是准确的、可行的,便于工程上的应用研究。     

离散广义系统无振控制的几点分析

通过讨论离散广义系统中的无振控制以及带有外加扰动的鲁棒控制问题，提出了在Ex（t）或x（t）不能直接得到时，设计观测器，采用了与众不同的输入u＝kEx（t），同时研究了在此输入情况下系统的正则性，无振控制及分离性．     

剖面浮标变体积油囊式浮力调节系统设计

为精准控制剖面浮标的垂向运动,提出一种可精确控制油量的变体积油囊式浮力调节系统,包含外油囊、增压油箱、密封性能良好的电磁球阀和可调节转速的液压泵等组件。采用拉线位移传感器实时采集增压油箱液面位置实现油量监控,并对外油囊体积进行高精度闭环反馈控制;设计极低泄漏量的液压系统,实现系统在待机状态下浮力保持长期稳定。为精确控制浮力调节系统,构建控制系统数学模型,引入比例积分微分（Proportional Integral Differential,PID）控制算法,并采用Simulink进行稳定性仿真。试验结果表明,系统可实现浮力精确控制,最大超调量低于1%,稳定性与响应速度均符合预期,验证了控制策略的可靠性。     

The Mechanisms of Thin Filament Assembly and Length Regulation in Muscles

The actin containing tropomyosin and troponin decorated thin filaments form one of the crucial components of the contractile apparatus in muscles. The thin filaments are organized into densely packed lattices interdigitated with myosin-based thick filaments. The crossbridge interactions between these myofilaments drive muscle contraction, and the degree of myofilament overlap is a key factor of contractile force determination. As such, the optimal length of the thin filaments is critical for efficient activity, therefore, this parameter is precisely controlled according to the workload of a given muscle. Thin filament length is thought to be regulated by two major, but only partially understood mechanisms: it is set by (i) factors that mediate the assembly of filaments from monomers and catalyze their elongation, and (ii) by factors that specify their length and uniformity. Mutations affecting these factors can alter the length of thin filaments, and in human cases, many of them are linked to debilitating diseases such as nemaline myopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy.     

Exogenous dsRNA Induces RNA Interference of a Chalcone Synthase Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana

Recent investigations have shown the possibility of artificial induction of RNA interference (RNAi) via plant foliar treatments with naked double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to silence essential genes in plant fungal pathogens or to target viral RNAs. Furthermore, several studies have documented the downregulation of plant endogenous genes via external application of naked gene-specific dsRNAs and siRNAs to the plant surfaces. However, there are limited studies on the dsRNA processing and gene silencing mechanisms after external dsRNA application. Such studies would assist in the development of innovative tools for crop improvement and plant functional studies. In this study, we used exogenous gene-specific dsRNA to downregulate the gene of chalcone synthase (CHS), the key enzyme in the flavonoid/anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, in Arabidopsis. The nonspecific NPTII-dsRNA encoding the nonrelated neomycin phosphotransferase II bacterial gene was used to treat plants in order to verify that any observed effects and processing of AtCHS mRNA were sequence specific. Using high-throughput small RNA (sRNA) sequencing, we obtained six sRNA-seq libraries for plants treated with water, AtCHS-dsRNA, or NPTII-dsRNA. After plant foliar treatments, we detected the emergence of a large number of AtCHS- and NPTII-encoding sRNAs, while there were no such sRNAs after control water treatment. Thus, the exogenous AtCHS-dsRNAs were processed into siRNAs and induced RNAi-mediated AtCHS gene silencing. The analysis showed that gene-specific sRNAs mapped to the AtCHS and NPTII genes unevenly with peak read counts at particular positions, involving primarily the sense strand, and documented a gradual decrease in read counts from 17-nt to 30-nt sRNAs. Results of the present study highlight a significant potential of exogenous dsRNAs as a promising strategy to induce RNAi-based downregulation of plant gene targets for plant management and gene functional studies.