Are interventions theory-based? Development of a theory coding scheme.

Objective: Interventions are increasingly described as theory-based; however, the basis for this is often not clear. Advancing behavioral science requires a good understanding of how interventions are informed by, and test, theory. This study aims to develop a reliable method for assessing the extent to which behavioral interventions are theory-based. Design: The reliability, usability, and comprehensiveness of an initial coding scheme were improved in 13 iterative stages on the basis of its application to 29 papers, from a systematic review of interventions to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Results: The final Theory Coding Scheme contained 19 items, each with satisfactory interrater reliabilities, coding whether a theory or model was mentioned, how theories were used in intervention design, how intervention evaluations tested theory, and the implications of the results for future theory development. Conclusion: The Theory Coding Scheme is an important methodological innovation, providing a research tool to reliably describe the theoretical base of interventions, inform evidence syntheses within literature reviews and meta-analyses, and stimulate the use of empirical data for theory development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

自适应提升小波变换与信号去噪

文章引入了基于提升法的自适应离散小波变换,根据LMS自适应法使伯恩斯坦预测算子自适应匹配特定的数据序列,而且应用该方法于信号的软域值去噪,数值仿真实验表明自适应提升小波变换同经典的小波变换相比,去噪后信号的信噪比效率相近,提升方法的优点在于其设计上的灵活性和计算简单。     

关于黄河小北干流河势及浪店水源工程取水方案的研究

黄河小北干流河道宽深比太大（４０～５２），属不稳定河道，河势受天然节点和人工整治工程的控导和水沙大幅度变化的相互作用，具有汛期大幅度变迁和非汛期局部变动的特点。解决水源工程的途径是在河道整治基础上，对河势观测资料系统分析预测，选择吴王一浪店相对稳定河段为取水段，采取建简易泵站多口分散取水，集中输送的水源工程方案。     

Outstanding problems in river regulation

Integrated river basin management has been the backcloth against which river regulation has been practiced in England and Wales for the past 14 years. Its success is reviewed and the forthcoming changes in legislation are critically examined. A number of problems facing the emergent National Rivers Authority are discussed. The need for co-operation rather than conflict is advocated wherever environment is to be protected and when competing pressures impact on river resources. A number of technical issues remain unresolved and the need for continuing work is recognized.     

A Technique for Extracting Sub-source Similarities from Information Sources Having Different Formats

In this paper we propose a semi-automatic technique for deriving the similarity degree between two portions of heterogeneous information sources (hereafter, sub-sources). The proposed technique consists in two phases: the first one selects the most promising pairs of sub-sources, whereas the second one computes the similarity degree relative to each promising pair. We show that the detection of sub-source similarities is a special case (and a very interesting one, for semi-structured information sources) of the more general problem of Scheme Match. In addition, we present a real example case to clarify the proposed technique, a set of experiments we have conducted to verify the quality of its results, a discussion about its computational complexity and its classification in the context of related literature. Finally, we discuss some possible applications which can benefit by derived similarities.     

A new approach to procedures with variable arity

This article presents a convenient and efficient procedural interface that allows the definition and use of procedures with optional arguments and indefinite numbers of arguments without resorting to the use of a language-dependent data structure in which to store the arguments. This interface solves many of the problems inherent in the use of lists in Lisp and Scheme to store indefinite numbers of arguments. Simple recursion can be used to consume such arguments without the complexity problems that are caused by the use of the Lisp procedureapply on argument lists. A natural extension to the interface to support multiple return values is presented.This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant number CCR-8803432 and by Sandia National Laboratories under contract number 06-06211. A preliminary version of this article was presented at the 1988 ACM Conference on Lisp and Functional Programming.     

基于模糊理论的水泥厂总平面布置定量评价

为了定量评价水泥厂总平面布置方案的优劣,在模糊理论的基础上,提出了水泥厂总平面布置的综合定量评价方法。建立了水泥厂总平面布置的多层次评价指标体系,分别从工艺流程、总图布置、交通运输、场地开拓、自然条件和设施利用等六个方面表示了水泥厂总平面布置的评价指标,并确定了各层次评价指标的权重。应用该方法对南阳平煤天瑞水泥有限公司建设工程两种总平面布置方案进行了定量评价和对比分析,评价结果与实际情况完全拟合。该方法可作为水泥厂总平面布置评价的基本方法,用于今后水泥厂总平面布置的定量评价以及不同方案的比选。     

Implementation Strategies for First-Class Continuations

Scheme and Smalltalk continuations may have unlimited extent. This means that a purely stack-based implementation of continuations, as suffices for most languages, is inadequate. We review several implementation strategies for continuations and compare their performance using instruction counts for the normal case and continuation-intensive synthetic benchmarks for other scenarios, including coroutines and multitasking. All of the strategies constrain a compiler in some way, resulting in indirect costs that are hard to measure directly. We use related measurements on a set of benchmarks to calculate upper bounds for these indirect costs.     

无盘方案使旧电脑机房发挥余热

大多数学校前几年建设60台左右的电脑机房,一般也要20万元左右,使用几年硬件配置就跟不上了,如果淘汰旧机房电脑购买新的电脑需要大笔的开支,且旧电脑卖掉不值钱,而使用无盘方案来改造旧机房可以发挥旧电脑的余热。     

永济蒲津渡口遗址保护工程水文地质条件及处理方案

永济蒲津渡口遗址保护工程位于黄河冲积河漫滩上，地下水十分丰富，径流条件好；在保持其原地、原貌、原位不变的情况下，如何处理建筑物的防水问题，将是很关键的。本文通过对里外抽水试验资料的综合分析，并运用裘布依完整井稳定流理论公式及泰斯完整井非稳定流理论等方法对场区含水层渗透能力进行了计算、评价，提出了较为合理的处理方案。