一种基于Smart Card的远程用户身份验证方案的安全性讨论

身份验证是计算机通信的一个重要方面。由于密码验证协议的简单性,它已经被广泛地用于身份验证。最近,Lee氏等利用Smart Card,提出了一个基于随机数的远程用户验证方案。指出了这个方案并不像其提出者所声称的那样安全,同时提出了两种攻击方法以破解其验证方案。     

智能天线中的干扰抑制算法研究

智能天线技术是是第三代移动通信系统采用的抗干扰关键技术.智能天线技术研究的核心是波束赋型的算法,但各种算法均存在计算量大和收敛速度较慢等缺点,如何提高系统性能成为一个重要课题.提出了一种新的用于智能天线中抑制干扰的波束形成算法,阐述了阵列天线波束形成的最佳权向量技术和估计信号波达方向的改进MUSIC算法,并对其进行了仿真实验.理论分析及仿真结果表明,与目前其它方法相比,具有空间分辨力高、计算量小、稳健性好等优点,有较强的实用性.     

Data-driven next-generation smart grid towards sustainable energy evolution: techniques and technology review

Meteorological changes urge engineering communities to look for sustainable and clean energy technologies to keep the environment safe by reducing CO2 emissions. The structure of these technologies relies on the deep integration of advanced data-driven techniques which can ensure efcient energy generation, transmission, and distribution. After conducting thorough research for more than a decade, the concept of the smart grid (SG) has emerged, and its practice around the world paves the ways for efcient use of reliable energy technology. However, many developing features evoke keen interest and their improvements can be regarded as the next-generation smart grid (NGSG). Also, to deal with the non-linearity and uncertainty, the emergence of data-driven NGSG technology can become a great initiative to reduce the diverse impact of non-linearity. This paper exhibits the conceptual framework of NGSG by enabling some intelligent technical features to ensure its reliable operation, including intelligent control, agent-based energy conversion, edge computing for energy management, internet of things (IoT) enabled inverter, agent-oriented demand side management, etc. Also, a study on the development of data-driven NGSG is discussed to facilitate the use of emerging data-driven techniques (DDTs) for the sustainable operation of the SG. The prospects of DDTs in the NGSG and their adaptation challenges in real-time are also explored in this paper from various points of view including engineering, technology, et al. Finally, the trends of DDTs towards securing sustainable and clean energy evolution from the NGSG technology in order to keep the environment safe is also studied, while some major future issues are highlighted. This paper can ofer extended support for engineers and researchers in the context of data-driven technology and the SG.     

EDALoCo: Enhancing the accessibility of blockchains through a low-code approach to the development of event-driven applications for smart contract management

Blockchain is a cutting-edge technology based on a distributed, secure and immutable ledger that facilitates the registration of transactions and the traceability of tangible and intangible assets without requiring central governance. The agreements between the nodes participating in a blockchain network are defined through smart contracts. However, the compilation, deployment, interaction and monitoring of these smart contracts is a barrier compromising the accessibility of blockchains by non-expert developers. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose a low-code approach, called EDALoCo, that facilitates the development of event-driven applications for smart contract management. These applications make blockchain more accessible for software developers who are non-experts in this technology as these can be modeled through graphical flows, which specify the communications between data producers, data processors and data consumers. Specifically, we have enhanced the open-source Node-RED low-code platform with blockchain technology, giving support for the creation of user-friendly and lightweight event-driven applications that can compile and deploy smart contracts in a particular blockchain. Additionally, this platform extension allows users to interact with and monitor the smart contracts already deployed in a blockchain network, hiding the implementation details from non-experts in blockchain. This approach was successfully applied to a case study of COVID-19 vaccines to monitor and obtain the temperatures to which these vaccines are continuously exposed, to process them and then to store them in a blockchain network with the aim of making them immutable and traceable to any user. As a conclusion, our approach enables the integration of blockchain with the low-code paradigm, simplifying the development of lightweight event-driven applications for smart contract management. The approach comprises a novel open-source solution that makes data security, immutability and traceability more accessible to software developers who are non-blockchain experts.     

A state-of-the-art survey on Augmented Reality-assisted Digital Twin for futuristic human-centric industry transformation

The combination of Augmented Reality (AR) and Digital Twin (DT) has begun to show its potential nowadays, leading to a growing research interest in both academia and industry. Especially under the current human-centric trend, AR embraces the potential to integrate operators into the new generation of Human Cyber–Physical System (HCPS), in which DT is a pillar component. Some review articles have focused on this topic and discussed the benefits of combining AR and DT, but all of them are limited to a specific domain. To fill the gap, this research conducts a state-of-the-art survey (till 17-July-2022) from the AR-assisted DT perspective across different sectors of the industrial field, covering a total of 118 selected publications. Firstly, application scenarios and functions of AR-assisted DT are summarized by following the engineering lifecycle, among which production process, service design, and Human–Machine Interaction (HMI) are hot topics. Then, improvements specifically brought by AR are analyzed according to three dimensions, namely virtual twin, hybrid twin, and cognitive twin, respectively. Finally, challenges and future perspectives of AR-assisted DT for futuristic human-centric industry transformation are proposed, including promoting product design, robotic-related works, cyber–physical interaction, and human ergonomics.     

Smart experience-oriented customer requirement analysis for smart product service system: A novel hesitant fuzzy linguistic cloud DEMATEL method

Smart product service system (PSS) has become an essential strategy to transform towards digital servitization for manufacturing companies. By leveraging smart capabilities, smart PSS aims to create superior user experience in a smart context. To develop a successful smart PSS, customer requirement management from smart experience perspective is necessary. However, it is a challenging task to identify and evaluate diverse, implicit and interrelated smart experience-oriented customer requirement (SEO-CR) in smart PSS context. Hence, this paper proposes an effective methodology to elicit and analyze SEO-CRs. At first, a generic, two-dimensional SEO-CR system is presented as a basis to derive the tailored SEO-CRs for various smart PSS applications. Second, a novel HFLC-DEMATEL (hesitant fuzzy linguistic cloud-based Decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory) method is proposed to accurately evaluate the priority and complicated interaction of SEO-CRs, considering the hesitancy, fuzziness and randomness under uncertain decision environment. Some new operations (e.g., cloud total-relation matrix and weight determination method) and a cloud influence relation map are developed to fully take advantage of cloud model in DEMATEL implementation. Finally, a real case of smart vehicle service system (SVSS) is presented. The 18 SEO-CRs of the SVSS are derived based on the generalized SEO-CRs. By using HFLC-DEMATEL, some important SEO-CRs in context of SVSS are identified, such as autonomous and convenience. The finding of results can help designers make proper decisions in design and development of SVSS with a superior smart experience. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method are validated by conducting some comparative analyses.     

A digital twin in transportation: Real-time synergy of traffic data streams and simulation for virtualizing motorway dynamics

The introduction of digital twins is expected to fundamentally change the technology in transportation systems, as they appear to be a compelling concept for monitoring the entire life cycle of the transport system. The advent of widespread information technology, particularly the availability of real-time traffic data, provides the foundation for supplementing predominated (offline) microscopic simulation approaches with actual data to create a detailed real-time digital representation of the physical traffic. However, the use of actual traffic data in real-time motorway analysis has not yet been explored. The reason is that there are no supporting models and the applicability of real-time data in the context of microscopic simulations has yet to be recognized. Thus, this article focuses on microscopic motorway simulation with real-time data integration during system run-time. As a result, we propose a novel paradigm in motorway traffic modeling and demonstrate it using the continuously synchronized digital twin model of the Geneva motorway (DT-GM). We analyze the application of the microscopic simulator SUMO in modeling and simulating on-the-fly synchronized digital replicas of real traffic by leveraging fine-grained actual traffic data streams from motorway traffic counters as input to DT-GM. Thus, the detailed methodological process of developing DT-GM is presented, highlighting the calibration features of SUMO that enable (dynamic) continuous calibration of running simulation scenarios. By doing so, the actual traffic data are directly fused into the running DT-GM every minute so that DT-GM is continuously calibrated as the physical equivalent changes. Accordingly, DT-GM raises a technology dimension in motorway traffic simulation to the next level by enabling simulation-based control optimization during system run-time that was previously unattainable. It, thus, forms the foundation for further evolution of real-time predictive analytics as support for safety–critical decisions in traffic management. Simulation results provide a solid basis for the future real-time analysis of an extended Swiss motorway network.     

基于程序模块化建模的智慧电站一体化平台构建

为实现在智慧电站高度一体化融合的同时,提高电站报警响应时效性和准确性,开展基于程序模块化建模的智慧电站一体化平台构建。通过电子式互感器选型、全站智能组件装置整合等硬件设计和基于程序模块化建模的三维一体化信息模型构建、电站门禁管理与人员轨迹跟踪、电站危险源识别与动态预警等软件设计,提出一种全新的智慧电站一体化平台。通过将新的平台应用到某电站火电厂中,验证了该平台能够实现对电站异常故障问题的快速响应,并保证误报警次数始终为0,在促进智慧电站安全性不断提升的同时,实现高度一体化融合。     

智能电视安全标准体系建设研究

人工智能技术的繁荣催生智能电视。智能电视是新一代信息技术的深度融合与创新集成。智能电视安全问题日趋复杂严峻,是研究人员的一个重要关注点。针对智能电视应用现状,围绕智能电视的利益相关、服务功能、设备三个方面,梳理了智能电视安全标准化需求。从技术和应用发展的角度,提出了包括基础通用、共性技术、辅助管理、检测认证、行业服务等多级可扩展智能电视安全标准体系。最后指出了我国智能电视安全标准化发展现状以及标准化重点工作方向。     

Applications of shared economy in smart grids: Shared energy storage and transactive energy

Increasing renewable energy is integrated with power systems and more flexibility is required to address the fluctuation problems caused by renewable energy. Advanced communication and measurement technologies enable the electric grids to approach smart grids which have more solutions for the high penetration of renewable energy. The shared economy as an emerging commercial model has attracted much attention and is widely applied in smart grids. This paper is focused on the state of the art of shared energy storage and transactive energy (TE) which are the typical applications of shared economy in smart grids. The concept, market structure, and demonstration projects of shared energy storage and TE are provided.