二十四节气与现代文明传承的现实意义研究

二十四节气作为我国传统农耕文明重要的科学总结,对现代农业、生活同样有着借鉴意义。同时,二十四节气中包含了众多中国所固有的传统文化,人们在对其传承和发扬的过程中,应体现出二十四节气中诗词、曲赋、农业、中医等内容的传承。而为了将传统文明与现代社会相结合,以促进其进一步发展,人们就需要保护和创新历史文明的艺术,以实际行动将其发扬光大。本文就以二十四节气为研究对象,简要阐述了传统文明与现代文明传承的现实意义。     

太阳能LED路灯控制系统的设计

设计了一套基于STC12单片机的太阳能LED路灯控制系统,系统采用变步长的电导增量法跟踪太阳能电池板最大功率点,充分利用太阳能电池板的能量,对铅酸蓄电池充电。同时实时监测铅酸蓄电池的电压防止蓄电池过充、过放等现象;对LED路灯采用多段式的恒流控制,通过环境照度的监测控制LED路灯在不同电流强度下工作,以增强LED路灯的使用寿命,实现节约用电的目的。     

热水喷射泵制冷系统的热力学分析

本文研究了利用低温工业余热或太阳能的喷射泵制冷系统,应用混合的“正向”与“逆向”联合循环概念并采用所提出的“逆向度”参数,证明可以方便地求解这种系统的热力学分析。对不同工质进行的热力学计算数据表明,热水系统具有达到较好总体性能的潜力。     

Lacking energy storage,and nuclear contribution,wind, and solar photovoltaic electricity is expensive and scarce

Prices of electricity have skyrocketed phased with the uptake of non-dispatchable wind and solar photovoltaic energy supply, and the closure of combustion fuel plants able to produce electricity on demand. At the same time, blackouts have become more likely, with governments requesting citizens not to use electricity when they need to prevent their occurrence. If we were expecting cheap and abundant renewable energy, it seems something is not right. There are, however, solutions. These are the adoption of other energy sources, not only non-dispatchable wind and solar, but also dispatchable hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass renewable energy, and baseload nuclear energy, plus the development of energy storage, by batteries, pumped hydro, thermal energy storage, and more than that, by hydrogen, to generate enough dispatchable energy to cover the requirements of a growing world.     

Systematically mapping innovations in electricity using startups: A comprehensive database analysis

Technology innovation is recognized as one of the main enablers of sustainable development and the transition towards a low-carbon future. Anticipating innovation trajectories could help decision-makers develop new capabilities to take advantage of incremental and disruptive innovations. This paper maps the current innovation that is taking place in the electricity sector using a bottom-up approach by analyzing the value proposition pursued by startups worldwide.We compiled a database of 320 startups whose focus is the electricity sector. We classified these startups according to their business propositions in the context of megatrends disrupting the electricity sector. From analyzing this dataset, we find the following. Photovoltaic generation (PV) is the primary technology for decarbonization. Innovation within PV focuses on developing more resistant materials, panels that are easier to install, or maintain. These innovations do not need an updated regulatory-market structure of the industry to be deployed. Digitalization is the key disruptive/breakthrough innovation. It has the potential to reshape businesses and the regulatory-market structure. Storage technologies can be very disruptive for the power sector, but the innovation we observe in storage technology is incremental. This includes batteries that last longer, that charge in shorter periods of time, or that use other less expensive raw materials, or more energy density –more kilowatt-hours per kilogram.     

Solar or surplus heat-driven actuators using metal hydride alloys

A metal hydride (MH) actuator provides mechanical work by applying the hydrogen pressure transition that originates from the reversible reaction of the MH alloy as it absorbs and desorbs hydrogen gas. The MH actuators that have been reported employ a Peltier element or an electrical heating resistance wire as a heat source. This paper describes the design of an MH actuator that is driven by low-quality heat sources, such as solar heat or surplus heat. A certain composition of a LaNi₅-based alloy that produces desorbing and absorbing reactions through a low-temperature difference is specified. This alloy composition can provide a large amount of hydrogen desorption using solar heat or surplus heated water and a large amount of hydrogen absorption by natural air cooling in an adequate reaction time. To improve the moving speed and to control the performance, a reciprocating air compressor that applies this solar or surplus heat-driven MH actuator is proposed. These findings support the efficacy of an MH actuator operating without electric or fossil fuel energy consumption.     

Speed scaling with a solar cell

We consider the setting of a device that obtains its energy from a battery and some regenerative source such as a solar cell. We consider the speed scaling problem of scheduling a collection of tasks with release times, deadlines, and sizes, so as to minimize the energy recharge rate of the regenerative source. This is the first theoretical investigation of speed scaling for devices with a regenerative energy source. We show that the problem can be expressed as a polynomial sized convex program. We show that, using the KKT conditions, one can obtain an efficient algorithm to verify the optimality of a schedule. We show that the energy optimal YDS schedule is 2-approximate with respect to the recharge rate. We show that the online algorithm BKP is O(1)$O\left(1\right)$-competitive with respect to recharge rate.     

独立光伏系统的应用及控制策略探讨

本文分析了独立光伏系统在解决边防及海岛部队供电难题和生态营区建设等方面的应用,讨论了独立光伏系统存在的主要问题,分析了能量控制策略的现状和蓄电池分组控制策略,给出了分组原则,研究了控制电路的结构和原理。实践证明,分组充放电对于提高供电可靠性,延长蓄电池寿命有一定的现实意义。     

The CM-SAF operational scheme for the satellite based retrieval of solar surface irradiance — A LUT based eigenvector hybrid approach

The radiation budget at the earth surface is an essential climate variable for climate monitoring and analysis as well as for verification of climate model output and reanalysis data. Accurate solar surface irradiance data is a prerequisite for an accurate estimation of the radiation budget and for an efficient planning and operation of solar energy systems.This paper describes a new approach for the retrieval of the solar surface irradiance from satellite data. The method is based on radiative transfer modelling and enables the use of extended information about the atmospheric state. Accurate analysis of the interaction between the atmosphere, surface albedo, transmission and the top of atmosphere albedo has been the basis for the new method, characterised by a combination of parameterisations and “eigenvector” look-up tables. The method is characterised by a high computing performance combined with a high accuracy. The performed validation shows that the mean absolute deviation is of the same magnitude as the confidence level of the BSRN (Baseline Surface Radiation Measurement) ground based measurements and significant lower as the CM-SAF (Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility) target accuracy of 10 W/m². The mean absolute difference between monthly means of ground measurements and satellite based solar surface irradiance is 5 W/m² with a mean bias deviation of − 1 W/m² and a RMSD (Root Mean Square Deviation) of 5.4 W/m² for the investigated European sites. The results for the investigated African sites obtained by comparing instantaneous values are also encouraging. The mean absolute difference is with 2.8% even lower as for the European sites being 3.9%, but the mean bias deviation is with − 1.1% slightly higher as for the European sites, being 0.8%. Validation results over the ocean in the Mediterranean Sea using shipboard data complete the validation. The mean bias is − 3.6 W/m² and 2.3% respectively. The slightly higher mean bias deviation over ocean is at least partly resulting from inherent differences due to the movement of the ship (shadowing, allocation of satellite pixel). The validation results demonstrate that the high accuracy of the surface solar irradiance is given in different climate regions. The discussed method has also the potential to improve the treatment of radiation processes in climate and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, because of the high accuracy combined with a high computing speed.