X-ray spectroscopy and local structures in glasses

X-ray spectroscopy which is a combination of two techniques, namely x-ray absorption near edge structure (xanes) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses, is a unique technique for the study of local structures in glasses. Availability of synchrotron radiation sources has made the technique quite attractive and useful because the photon flux from synchrotrons is very intense and polarized. In this article, a brief summary ofxanes andEXAFS techniques is given along with a few applications to the study of local structures in glasses. Communication No. 323 from Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit.     

独立分量分析理论在海底管道漏磁检测中的应用

应用独立分量分析(ICA)方法对海底管道缺陷漏磁法检测中电磁干扰的消除进行了研究，阐述了漏磁检测和负熵法ICA快速算法的原理，应用相应的分析工具研究了试验数据。结果表明，在试验室条件下该方法能很好地分离出缺陷信号和电磁干扰信号。     

电网故障下光伏并网低压故障穿越控制策略的研究

电网发生故障或扰动可能造成光伏并网点电压跌落,严重影响电力系统的安全运行,光伏发电站有必要具备在电压跌落范围和时间内保证不脱网运行的能力。提出一种基于无功补偿的光伏并网低压穿越控制策略。该方法在检测到电压跌落时,通过断开外部电压环路将双闭环控制模式更改为单电流环路操作模式,采用改进后的无功补偿控制策略防止逆变器产生过电流,为电网电压提供无功补偿,较好实现不脱网运行。最后利用Matlab / Simulink软件比较和分析低压穿越控制策略前后的相关参数。仿真结果表明,改进的控制策略可以有效地抑制逆变器输出电流的增加,并且能提供无功功率来支持电网电压,以在电网电压骤降期间实现低压穿越。     

关于超耐候性BA01—02钛白粉的研制

采用高温淬火方法制备了Ｔｃ在２７．４Ｋ至９２．４Ｋ之间的一组不同氧含量的ＰＭＰ（粉末熔融工艺）法ＹＢＣＯ超导体。通过对这些超导体样品的磁滞回线及不可逆线的研究发现，随着氧空位的增加，超导体的磁通钉扎力减小     

取向硅钢晶粒取向的不均匀分布及其检测

利用X射线衍射和背散射电子衍射检测了取向硅钢板表层和中心部位的宏观织构和微观晶粒取向分布,观察了相应的晶粒组织。结果表明,二次再结晶不彻底的成品钢板的表面会残留非{110}<001>取向的小晶粒,并影响钢板的软磁性能。取向硅钢板表层的晶粒取向分布能够在一定程度上反映出钢板的质量,因此可以借助X射线表面无损检测技术发展取向硅钢织构的工业在线检测技术。     

熔剂净化对Al－4．5wt％Cu合金过冷及组织的影响

采用盐类熔剂对大体积Ａｌ－４．５ｗｔ％Ｃｕ合金进行净化处理，研究了熔剂净化对Ａｌ－４．５ｗｔ％Ｃｕ合金过冷及组织的影响。通过大量的实验研究证明：粘性熔剂更能有效地去除合金中的异质核心，使合金获得较大的过冷度；随着过冷度的增大，合金的宏观组织由细小的等轴晶逐渐过渡到粗大的柱状晶，其临界转变过冷度为４０℃；二次枝晶间距随过冷度的增大而增大，其转变过冷度为５０℃。     

剪切速率在大型塑料注射模设计中的拓展应用

通过对聚合物熔体流变学的研究,探讨了剪切速率的变化对塑件成型的影响,以及其与塑料注射模浇口形式和尺寸的关系,并将其实际应用到汽车大型塑件注射模浇注系统的设计中,取得了较好的效果。     

Development of ultra-narrow gap welding with constrained arc by flux band

0 IntroductionThe merits of narrow gap welding (NGW) such ashigh productivity and quantity, minimal distortion, highcost-effectiveness, and all position capability are wellknown. The narrower the gap, the more significant the a-bove merits. Moreover, while an ultra-narrowgap welding(UNGW) process with less than 5 mm gap width is used,its some advantages are very useful for preventing thestress corrosion crack in austenitic steel piping, and forwelding some update steels. For example, in aus…     

Influence of heat treatment on fracture and magnetic properties of radially oriented Sm2Co17 permanent magnets

The quenching, fracture and aging treatment of radially oriented Sm2Co17 ring magnets were investigated. The results indicate that the ring magnets have obvious anisotropy of thermal expansion, which easily leads to the splits of the magnets during quenching. The fracture is brittle cleavage fracture. The difference （Aa） of the expansion coefficient reaches the maximum value at 800-850 ℃. So, various quenching processes at different steps are adopted in order to reduce the splits. When the magnets are aged, 1：5 phase precipitates from the 2：17 matrix phase and forms a cellular microstructure with 2：17 phase. BHmax and JHc reach the maximum value 226 kJ/m^3 and 2 170 kA/m after being aged at 850 ℃ for 4 h and 8 h, respectively. The aging treatment at 850 ℃ has little influence on remanence（Br）, which can always keep a high value （≥1.0 T）. Through appropriate heat treatment, the ring magnets have uniform cellular microstructure and excellent magnetic properties： Br ≥ 1.0T, JHc ≥2 100 kA/m, BHmax ≥ 220 kJ/m^3.     

氮气和熔剂联合净化铝熔体

研究了SDJ 1型熔剂与氮气联合净化铝合金熔体的效果 ,并对熔剂净化机理以及FI法 (Fluxinjection)净化优势进行了探讨 ,揭示了除气过程中气体与熔剂的相互作用。结果表明 :采用FI联合精炼工艺 ,在适当的温度 (72 0℃ )和熔剂加入量 (0 .15 %SDJ 1)条件下 ,联合精炼工艺的除气效果远远优于生产中常用的氮气吹气法和熔剂法 ,联合净化法的优势在于提高了吸附能力以及加入具有固氢作用的降渣剂。FI工艺原理为 :气体与熔剂在熔体中均匀分布、密切接触 ,气体使熔剂快速上浮 ,熔剂的存在提供多而窄的通道 ,使氢容易聚集在通道附近 ,即使氢含量较低时 ,氮气仍能发挥作用 ,通道的存在有利于分散和离解气泡。