Novel approach for the development of dietary fibre-anthocyanin enriched functional bread from culinary banana bract

Dietary fibre (DF)-anthocyanin formulation was incorporated in bread to develop anthocyanin rich DF powder (ARDFP) fortified bread. Prior to incorporation of DF-anthocyanin formulation in bread preparation, the cytotoxicity of DF and anthocyanin extracts was assessed. The effect of incorporation of different level of ARDFP with moisture on bread quality characteristics such as specific volume, textural, colour, sensory properties and starch digestibility was studied. The results revealed that extracted DF and anthocyanin of culinary banana bracts were nontoxic towards peripheral blood mononuclear cell and cytotoxic towards HT29 cancerous cell line. Incorporation of 2% ARDFP with 68% moisture was rated as best with higher specific volume (5.50 cm³ g⁻¹), improved textural properties (high springiness and cohesiveness), anthocyanin content (9.08 mg per 100 g), colour characteristics and sensory acceptability next to control. The in vitro digestibility study suggested increased incorporation of ARDFP in bread flour reduced the rate of starch digestibility (0.0035 min⁻¹).     

聚丙烯酸酯浆料HL-610的上浆实践

为适应“两高一低”的上浆工艺,提高浆纱质量,降低用浆成本,在涤棉混纺细密府绸类织物经纱上浆时,采用聚丙烯酸酯浆料HL-610部分替代PVA,HL-610的使用降低了浆液的黏度,提高了流动性,有利于对纱线的渗透,坯布质量和织造效率提高。     

Product formulation for ohmic heating: blanching as a pretreatment method to improve uniformity in heating of solid-liquid food mixtures

ABSTRACT:  The electrical conductivity of food components is critical to ohmic heating. Food components of different electrical conductivities heat at different rates. While equal electrical conductivities of all phases are desirable, real food products may behave differently. In the present study involving chicken chow mein consisting of a sauce and different solid components, celery, water chestnuts, mushrooms, bean sprouts, and chicken, it was observed that the sauce was more conductive than all solid components over the measured temperature range. To improve heating uniformity, a blanching method was developed to increase the ionic content of the solid components. By blanching different solid components in a highly conductive sauce at 100 °C for different lengths of time, it was possible to adjust their conductivity to that of the sauce. Chicken chow mein samples containing blanched particulates were compared with untreated samples with respect to ohmic heating uniformity at 60 Hz up to 140 °C. All components of the treated product containing blanched solids heated more uniformly than untreated product. In sensory tests, 3 different formulations of the blanched product showed good quality attributes and overall acceptability, demonstrating the practical feasibility of the blanching protocol.     

姜汁凝固型豆乳配方与工艺优化研究

以黄豆、生姜为主要原料,通过单因素及正交试验进行姜汁凝固型豆乳配方与工艺优化研究。确定其配方为豆水质量比1:7,姜汁添加量8.0g/100g 豆乳,蔗糖添加量9.0g/100g 豆乳,奶粉质量分数添加量5.0g/100g 豆乳,卡拉胶数添加量0.01g/100g 豆乳,黄原胶添加量0.02g/100g 豆乳;其凝固条件为pH6.2、温度60℃、保温5min,可制得凝胶强度较大(108.2g)、无豆腥味、香滑爽口的凝固型豆乳。     

T-2毒素的高灵敏时间分辨荧光免疫分析

以时间分辨荧光免疫分析(TRFIA)方法建立快速灵敏的T-2毒素的全自动检测方法. 采用T-2-BSA包被96孔板作为固相抗原,与游离的T-2竞争有限的抗T-2单克隆抗体,以Eu3+标记的羊抗鼠抗体示踪,采用间接竞争免疫分析方法在解离增强荧光免疫分析体系中建立T-2-TRFIA.同时对这一方法的稳定性、灵敏度、回收率和特异性进行考核.此方法灵敏度为0.2 μg/L,测量范围0.2～500 μg/L,批内变异为7.5%,批间变异为12.7%,平均回收率为89.6%.与赭曲霉毒素A、黄曲霉毒素B1、牛血清白蛋白无交叉反应.10条不同时间进行的间接竞争T-2-TRFIA的效应点均值ED80、ED50和ED20分别为2.66,6.97,29.11 μg/L.同时,用TRFIA和ELISA试剂盒同时检测T-2毒素,在ELISA和TRFIA产品的共同可测范围之内,两者的相关系数为0.926.     

葛根软糖的研制

以葛根粉为主要原料,通过对比试验对凝胶剂进行最佳选择,结果表明选择琼脂作为凝胶剂口感最佳。通过正交试验确定产品的最佳配方为:葛根粉8g,淀粉糖浆120g,白砂糖40g,琼脂2%,柠檬酸0.3g,柠檬酸钠0.1g;在40℃下干燥(24～30)h后,所得软糖具有良好的咀嚼性及口感,综合品质良好。     

三种弹性纤维鉴别方法探讨

介绍了氨纶（PU）纤维、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯（PTT）纤维以及T-400纤维,利用常规纺织纤维鉴别方法对PU、PTT及T-400三种纤维进行鉴别,提出了较为实用、简单易行的鉴别方法。     

Characterisation of chickpea flour‐based gluten‐free batters and muffins with added biopolymers: rheological,physical and sensory properties

Chickpea flour (CF)‐based muffin formulations were made with CF alone and with added biopolymers [whey protein (WP), xanthan gum (XG) and inulin (INL)] to evaluate their suitability to be a wheat flour (WF) substitute in muffins. Structural characteristics of the batters and muffins were studied by means of rheometry, microscopy, physicochemical properties, and texture and sensory analysis. Partial replacement of CF with XG, alone (at 0.5 and 1%) or blended with either WP or INL, significantly increased the batter viscoelasticity as denser matrices developed; moreover, the muffins with XG added at 1% had similar hardness to wheat gluten muffins. The replacement of WF decreased the springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, resilience and specific volume of the muffin. However, baked muffins with added XG also showed higher sensory sponginess and moisture associated with numerous air bubbles in the batter and were perceived to be easier to swallow and to have better general appearance.     

Exploitation of microbial antagonists for the control of postharvest diseases of fruits: a review

Fungal diseases result in significant losses of fruits and vegetables during handling, transportation and storage. At present, post-production fungal spoilage is predominantly controlled by using synthetic fungicides. Under the global climate change scenario and with the need for sustainable agriculture, biological control methods of fungal diseases, using antagonistic microorganisms, are emerging as ecofriendly alternatives to the use of fungicides. The potential of microbial antagonists, isolated from a diversity of natural habitats, for postharvest disease suppression has been investigated. Postharvest biocontrol systems involve tripartite interaction between microbial antagonists, the pathogen and the host, affected by environmental conditions. Several modes for fungistatic activities of microbial antagonists have been suggested, including competition for nutrients and space, mycoparasitism, secretion of antifungal antibiotics and volatile metabolites and induction of host resistance. Postharvest application of microbial antagonists is more successful for efficient disease control in comparison to pre-harvest application. Attempts have also been made to improve the overall efficacy of antagonists by combining them with different physical and chemical substances and methods. Globally, many microbe-based biocontrol products have been developed and registered for commercial use. The present review provides a brief overview on the use of microbial antagonists as postharvest biocontrol agents and summarises information on their isolation, mechanisms of action, application methods, efficacy enhancement, product formulation and commercialisation.