我公司熟料系统优化提产措施

山东东华水泥有限公司有两条5000t/d耗、电耗较高,熟料的后期强度也不理想。为此,我公司全面了解行业动态,及时调整发展思路,积极推进生产线提产增效技术改造,有效提升熟料线产能,两条线熟料产量均达到6100t/d以上,经济运行指标得到显著提升。     

High photoelectric conversion efficiency of metal phthalocyanine/fullerene heterojunction photovoltaic device

This paper introduces the fundamental physical characteristics of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Photoelectric conversion efficiency is crucial to the evaluation of quality in OPV devices, and enhancing efficiency has been spurring on researchers to seek alternatives to this problem. In this paper, we focus on organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices and review several approaches to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of small molecular heterojunction OPV devices based on an optimal metal-phthalocyanine/fullerene (C(60)) planar heterojunction thin film structure. For the sake of discussion, these mechanisms have been divided into electrical and optical sections: (1) Electrical: Modification on electrodes or active regions to benefit carrier injection, charge transport and exciton dissociation; (2) Optical: Optional architectures or infilling to promote photon confinement and enhance absorption.     

低渗油藏表面活性剂驱油体系优选

针对低渗油藏渗流阻力大、注水压力高及水驱采收率偏低的问题,通过性能评价,优选一种适合该类油藏的表面活性剂驱油体系。以研制的阴非离子型表面活性剂(GJ剂)为主剂,其它表面活性剂为助剂,分别考察其油水界面张力、润湿性、防膨性、洗油效率、驱油效率。结果表明,GJ+YJ体系与原油界面张力为6.15×10-3mN/m,该体系可使油湿岩片接触角由76.80°降低至48.83°,防膨率达66.63%,洗油效率为61.28%,驱油效率提高11.80%。因此,GJ+YJ体系在低渗油藏改善水驱效果中具有良好的应用前景。     

常减压装置减压深拔探讨

对中国石化金陵石化公司的800万t/a常减压装置减压深拔进行了影响因素、优化措施等方面的分析,结果表明,通过减压深拔,装置的渣油500℃馏出由原来的5.5%逐步降到4.0%-4.5%,装置总拔提高0.91%以上,减压深拔为装置带来较好的效益.     

热管技术在化工领域中的应用综述

时热管的发展历史、工作原理及其优点作了简单的阐述,主要介绍了热管技术在化工领城的几个方面的应用情况,并探讨了热管技术最新的发展方向.     

Effects of volumetric efficiency on the performance and emissions characteristics of a dual fueled (gasoline and LPG) spark ignition engine

In this study, effects of variation in volumetric efficiency on the engine emissions characteristics with different LPG usage levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%), on an engine operated with new generation closed loop, multi-point, and sequential gas injection system were investigated. For this purpose, experiments were carried out under constant engine speed (3800 rpm) and different load (5%, 30%, 60%, 90%) conditions. The variations in volumetric efficiency, air-fuel ratio, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, brake specific energy consumption, and exhaust gasses were examined. The volumetric efficiency decreased considerably at the use of 25% LPG level. As for the 50%, 75% and 100% LPG usage, volumetric efficiency decreased in proportion to LPG usage level. Air-fuel ratio decreases with the increase in LPG usage level and the minimum air-fuel ratio value was obtained at 100% LPG usage. At the use of mixture containing 25% LPG, brake specific fuel and energy consumption decreased while the brake thermal efficiency was maintained. Positive results were obtained at all LPG usage levels in terms of exhaust emissions. Best results were achieved at using 100% LPG for exhaust emissions.     

Energy efficient control of a BTX dividing-wall column

Dividing-wall column (DWC) is considered nowadays the new champion in distillation, as it can bring substantial reduction in the capital invested as well as savings in the operating costs. This work presents the simulation results of energy efficient control and dynamics of a dividing-wall column (DWC). In order to allow a fair comparison of the results with previously published references, the case-study considered here is the industrially relevant ternary separation of the mixture benzene-toluene-xylene (BTX) in a DWC. Rigorous simulations were carried out in Aspen Plus and Aspen Dynamics. Several conventional control structures based on PID control loops (DB/LSV, DV/LSB, LB/DSV, LV/DSB) were used as a control basis. These control structures were enhanced by adding an extra loop controlling the heavy component composition in the top of the prefractionator, by using the liquid split as an additional manipulated variable, thus implicitly achieving minimization of energy requirements. The results of the dynamic simulations show relatively short settling times and low overshooting especially for the DB/LSV and LB/DSV control structures. Moreover, the energy efficient control proposed in this work allows the operation of DWC with minimum energy requirements or maximum purity of products.     

Effects of imperfect adhesion on thermal micro-residual stresses in polymer matrix composites

This paper investigates the influences of imperfect bonding between the fiber and matrix on thermal micro-residual stress fields in polymer matrix composites. For this purpose, a representative volume element consisting of a three-phase composite material subjected to a uniform temperature change is considered. Based on the energy method, a three-dimensional closed-form solution for micro-residual stresses is obtained. Besides, a finite element model is developed and the results are compared with the analytical solution. Both the energy method and finite element analysis show similar trend for thermal stress distribution along the fiber length, while due to the stress singularity, the interfacial shear stress from the finite element solution cannot satisfy the stress-free condition at the fiber end. The analysis shows that the magnitude of thermal stresses and their distribution mainly depend on the bonding efficiency parameter. An increase in thermal and elastic properties bonding efficiencies leads to a considerable decrease in composite axial and shear residual stresses, while the Poisson's ratio bonding efficiency does not affect the thermal stress fields. The interfacial radial residual stress distribution is approximately independent of the bonding conditions. Inefficient bonding may result in higher residual stresses in comparison with the perfect bonding condition. It means that in cases of low bonding efficiency conditions, the ability of composites to sustain and transmit load decreases drastically. Thermal stress concentration occurs at the vicinity of the fiber ends, although peak values depend on the bonding efficiency value.     

氟碳化合物FC-77在Pluronic嵌段共聚物胶束中包封与缓释

采用乙醇注入法制备FC-77的载药纳米胶束,通过动态光散射、透射电子显微镜表征了载药纳米胶束的粒径和形貌;通过紫外可见光谱研究了FC-77在嵌段共聚物P123中的包封率和释放曲线。结果表明,含1%P123的FC-77载药纳米胶束粒径为270 nm,呈球形分布,包封率为50%6,00 min时的释放量为92.2%。进一步地,通过调节嵌段共聚物的组成、浓度等可以改变载药纳米胶束的粒径和包封率。结果证明,嵌段共聚物胶束体系能作为FC-77载药制剂的载体,并且通过调整嵌段共聚物胶束体系配方,可以得到理想的FC-77药物载体。