Melanin-Like Nanomedicine in Photothermal Therapy Applications

Photothermal therapy (PTT) mediated by nanomaterial has become an attractive tumor treatment method due to its obvious advantages. Among various nanomaterials, melanin-like nanoparticles with nature biocompatibility and photothermal conversion properties have attracted more and more attention. Melanin is a natural biological macromolecule widely distributed in the body and displays many fascinating physicochemical properties such as excellent biocompatibility and prominent photothermal conversion ability. Due to the similar properties, Melanin-like nanoparticles have been extensively studied and become promising candidates for clinical application. In this review, we give a comprehensive introduction to the recent advancements of melanin-like nanoparticles in the field of photothermal therapy in the past decade. In this review, the synthesis pathway, internal mechanism and basic physical and chemical properties of melanin-like nanomaterials are systematically classified and evaluated. It also summarizes the application of melanin-like nanoparticles in bioimaging and tumor photothermal therapy (PTT)in detail and discussed the challenges they faced in clinical translation rationally. Overall, melanin-like nanoparticles still have significant room for development in the field of biomedicine and are expected to applied in clinical PTT in the future.     

Fe–B–Si–Zr soft magnetic bulk glassy alloys

The present work is devoted to fabrication of Fe–B–Si–Zr multi-component bulk glassy alloys with good mechanical and soft magnetic properties. Glass formation in Fe–B system is first considered with an empirical cluster-plus-glue-atom model. A basic composition formula [B–B₂Fe₈]Fe is proposed as the framework for multi-component alloy design. Considering the structural stability of the model glass, Si and Zr are introduced to the [B–B₂Fe₈] cluster to replace the center B and shell Fe atoms, from which a series of Fe–B–Si–Zr alloys with composition formulas [Si–B₂Fe_8−xZr_x]Fe (x = 0–0.6) are derived. Copper mold casting experiment shows that bulk glassy alloys are formed within the Zr content range of x = 0.2–0.6, and the largest glass-forming ability appears at [Si–B₂Fe_7.6Zr_0.4]Fe with a critical size of 2.5 mm. The bulk glassy alloys exhibit high fracture strength as large as 3850 MPa. Magnetic property measurement indicates that these alloys exhibit good magnetic softness with high saturation magnetization (1.26–1.48 T) and low coercive force (1.6–6.7 A/m). The alloying effects of Si and Zr on bulk glass formation, thermal glass stability and magnetic softness are discussed with the empirical model.     

Unraveling specific role of carbon matrix over Pd/quasi-Ce-MOF facilitating toluene enhanced degradation

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) derivatives represented by quasi-MOFs have excellent physical and chemical properties and can be applied for the catalytic combustion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this work, Pd/quasi-Ce-BTC synthesized by simple one-step N₂ pyrolysis was applied to the oxidation of toluene, showing excellent toluene catalytic activity (T₉₀ = 175 °C, 30000 mL/(g·h)). Microscopic analyses indicate the formation and interaction of a carbon matrix composite quasi-MOF structure interface. The results show that the amorphous carbon matrix formed during the partial pyrolysis of Ce-BTC significantly improves the adsorption and activation capacity of toluene in the reaction, and constructs a reductive system to maintain high concentrations of Ce³⁺ and Pd⁰, which can facilitate the activation and utilization of oxygen in reaction. Quasi in-situ XPS proves that carbon matrix is indirectly involved in the activation and storage of oxygen, and Pd⁰ is the crucial active site for the activation of oxygen. Stability and water resistance tests display good stability of Pd/quasi-Ce-BTC. This work provides a potential method for designing quasi-MOF catalysts towards VOCs effective abatement.     

Wind power and photovoltaic power: How to improve the accommodation capability of renewable electricity generation in China?

China's wind curtailment and photovoltaic curtailment was one of the prominent issues in 2014, and the renewable curtailment worsened in 2015. With the rapid growth of renewables, the phenomenon of the insufficiency in renewable accommodation capability is becoming more and more serious in 2016. In that case, the problem of the insufficient accommodation capability is pointed out by analyzing China's development requirements. The renewable power generation scale, the renewable power consumption, and the restrictions on the renewable electricity generation are discussed from the China's market perspective. Meanwhile, the legal environment, the planning requirement, the institutional setting, and the policy tools are introduced from the perspective of governmental regulation. An empirical analysis, a cause analysis and a trend analysis are illustrated before explaining the problem of renewable curtailment and proposing a solution for enhancing the accommodation capability. According to the analysis results, the solution for addressing the wind curtailment and PV curtailment is offered with respect to the technology, the institution, the legislation, and the political aspect. Through the research, the research conclusions are drew finally and the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward.     

基于“校企协同”的制冷空调课程体系的构建

从制冷空调企业的现状出发,利用校企协同、产教融合的创新组织模式,整合暖通行业、企业和学校的资源优势,构建一套“协同创新”的制冷空调课程体系,从根本上提高建环专业学生工程素养和创新能力,以满足暖通行业、企事业单位对具有实践及创新能力的高素质应用型技术人才需求。     

论高职酒店管理专业学生职业能力的培养

通过对高职酒店管理专业学生职业能力的内涵分析、职业能力构成和培养现状的具体分析,提出了对学生职业能力培养的一些建议和策略,并探讨了以职业能力培养为核心的考评体系的相关设计。     

2种运动食品对人体运动能力的影响对比研究

以30名男性运动员为对象,通过交叉食用、自身对照的试验方式,评估2种营养组成不同的运动食品对人体运动能力、体能恢复和疲劳程度等方面的作用。试验结果表明:在空腹血糖水平相同的情况下,进食30min后运动食品A组的血糖浓度高于运动食品B组的,在强度60%最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))运动50 min后运动食品A组的血糖浓度也高于运动食品B组的。在进行力竭训练后,3,6,9,12,15min的5个时间点内,运动食品A组的血乳酸清除效率明显高于运动食品B组的。运动食品A组在进行力竭训练过程中的10个心率测定点的数值均优于其他2组的,训练结束后的10个心率测定点的数值显示运动食品A组的心率恢复情况均优于其他2组的。运动食品A组的血清睾酮/皮质醇比值较其他2组的高。在连续食用的情况下,运动食品A对人体运动能力的维持能力,提高体能水平和缓解疲劳的效果均优于运动食品B。     

多功能润滑油添加剂聚甲基丙烯酸酯的研制

In this paper, four kinds of polymethacrylates(PMAs) used as multifunctional additives were synthesized from quaternary C1—C14 methacrylate, among which sample 4 exhibited relatively better performance. According to the methacrylate ratio of sample 4, the optimized reaction conditions of PMA were explored by orthogonal experiments comprising 4 factors and 3 levels, and the optimized reaction conditions covered an initiator dosage of 0.8 %, a molecular weight regulator dosage of 0.4%, a reaction temperature of 95 ℃ and a reaction time of 8.5 h. When the optimized PMA samples were used to formulate the 75W/90 automotive gear base oil, they exhibited improved shear stability and good low temperature property. In comparison with foreign commercial polymethacrylate GP, the optimized PMA samples exhibited better thickening ability, similar shear stability and slightly weak low temperature property, with their performance being the same as GP's on the whole. The slight difference in the performance between the optimized PMA and GP was attributed to the difference of chain length of copolymers and the distribution of relative molecular mass between them.