Influence of Reinforcement Content and Matrix Composition on the Oxidation Resistance of Aluminum-Matrix Composites (A3xx.x/SiCp)

A study was made on the influence of the SiCp proportion and the matrix concentration of four composites (A360/SiC/10p, A360/SiC/20p, A380/SiC/10p, A380/SiC/20p) on their oxidation behavior. Gravimetric tests were used in a kinetics study of the corrosion process at different temperatures (350, 400, 450, and 500°C). The influence of corrosion on mechanical properties was evaluated by hardness measurements. The nature of corrosion products and the influence of the microstructure on the morphology and growth of the oxidation layer were analyzed by SEM and low-angle XRD. The extent of the damage due to oxidation for Al/SiCp composites increases with the SiCp concentration due to the increase of nucleation sites. One of these nucleation sites is in the interface region between the matrix and the particles. Oxidation was influenced more by the percentage of alloy elements in the matrix than by the proportion of SiCp reinforcement. The presence of Cu and Ni in the matrix favors the oxidation process through the formation of different intermetallic compounds.     

Corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel separator for molten carbonate fuel cell

STS310S and SC-STS310S (simultaneously co-deposited chromium and aluminum onto 310S austenitic stainless steel substrate by pack-cementation process) were used as separator materials on the cathode side of a molten carbonate fuel cell. With the STS310S, corrosion proceeded via three steps; a formation step of unstable corrosion product, a protection step against corrosion until breakaway, and an advance step of corrosion after breakaway. The final corrosion product was LiFeO₂ and the loss of mass was 6.5 mg/cm² after a corrosion test of 480 hr at 650°C. The SC-STS310S showed more effective corrosion resistance, however, than did common STS310S. There was especially no corrosion loss on the SC-STS310S after the 480 hr corrosion test. It is anticipated that it will be very useful as an alternative separator on the cathode side off the MCFC in the future.     

基于梯形图方法的全气动装弹机械手设计

介绍了基于梯形图设计方法的全气动装弹机械手的设计,重点探讨了在设计中考虑气缸运行位置检测、手动及自动切换、急停处理等实用问题.采用两位三通阀扩充方法来解决单一行程阀多次切换分区条件的难题,利用梭阀实现手动和自动操作的配合,通过增加一个中继阀来实现急停处理.     

Spatial and functional relationships between air conduits and blood capillaries in the pulmonary gas exchange tissue of adult and developing chickens

The documented data regarding the three-dimensional structure of the air capillaries (ACs), the ultimate sites of gas exchange in the avian lung is contradictory. Further, the mode of gas exchange, described as cross-current has not been clearly elucidated. We studied the temporal and spatial arrangement of the terminal air conduits of the chicken lung and their relationship with the blood capillaries (BCs) in embryos as well as the definitive architecture in adults. Several visualization techniques that included corrosion casting, light microscopy as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used. Two to six infundibulae extend from each atrium and give rise to numerous ACs that spread centrifugally. Majority of the ACs are tubular structures that give off branches, which anastomose with their neighboring cognates. Some ACs have globular shapes and a few are blind-ending tapering tubes. During inauguration, the luminal aspects of the ACs are characterized by numerous microvillus-like microplicae, which are formed during the complex processes of cell attenuation and canalization of the ACs. The parabronchial exchange BCs, initially inaugurated as disorganized meshworks, are reoriented via pillar formation to lie predominantly orthogonal to the long axes of the ACs. The remodeling of the retiform meshworks by intussusceptive angiogenesis essentially accomplishes a cross-current system at the gas exchange interface in the adults, where BCs form ring-like patterns around the ACs, thus establishing a cross-current system. Our findings clarify the mode of gas exchange in the parabronchial mantle and illuminate the basis for the functional efficiency of the avian lung.     

多模型自适应控制的空分系统整体能耗优化

运用多模型自适应控制技术,针对空分系统的整体能耗优化,就空分系统模型集的建立、控制器的设计、切换算法等方面进行了分析。空分系统作为一个实时变化的有机整体,在整体运行过程中存在的操作环境改变对系统的影响,当系统发生变化及波动时,根据相应切换算法切换到可以满足生产变化的模型,采用适合的控制器,以达到实时监控、安全生产的效果,最大限度地优化了系统运行。     

考虑EV充放电意愿的园区综合能源系统双层优化调度

随着电动汽车的普及度越来越高,工业园区的电动汽车用户日益增多,其充放电行为对园区综合能源系统规划和运行带来极大挑战。本文提出了考虑电动汽车充放电意愿的园区综合能源系统双层优化调度。首先基于动态实时电价、电池荷电量、电池损耗补偿、额外参与激励等因素建立充放电意愿模型,在此基础上得到改进的电动汽车充放电模型;然后,以园区综合能源系统总成本最小和电动汽车充电费用最小为目标建立双层优化调度模型,通过KKT条件将内层模型转化为外层模型的约束条件,从而快速稳定的实现单层模型的求解;最后,进行仿真求解,设置3种不同场景,对比了所提模型与一般充放电意愿模型,验证了文中所提引入EV充放电意愿模型的园区综合能源系统双层优化调度的有效性和可行性,具有一定的经济效益。     

高效能空气净化器评价技术要求国家标准研究

本文论述了编制高效能空气净化器产品评价技术要求国家标准的意义和作用,介绍了标准研制的总体思路和原则,高效能空气净化器的定性和定量评价指标要求,测试、计算和评价方法等,通过国标的研制与实施,将引领并促进高效能空气净化器产品的生产与应用.     

双曲线冷却塔风筒几何缺陷分析

由于施工放样原因,双曲线冷却塔风筒发生移位变形,筒壁出现初始几何缺陷,偏差超出规范允许值,造成冷却塔应力状态改变.利用冷却塔专用计算软件对冷却塔结构进行静力计算,根据计算的内力对强度进行验算,分析初始几何缺陷对冷却塔应力状态的影响,评价冷却塔结构安全性及是否需要进行加固处理,并对冷却塔后期维护提出建议.     

FPGA的动力电池检测系统研究

为提高动力电池使用效率,提出了一种基于FPGA的动力电池检测系统的设计方案.采用AD转换芯片实现对电池电压、电流的采集,数字温度传感器对温度进行采集,再通过软件实现对数据的处理和实时显示.系统运行稳定,数据处理能力强,集成度高,易于扩展.