煤炭资源型城市空间结构重组战略模式研究——以山西省孝义市为例

由于对煤炭的长期开发利用,煤炭资源型城市正面临着城乡用地与产业空间布局混乱、产业结构畸形、自然生态破坏严重及人居环境质量差等一系列问题。本文以煤炭资源型城市空间结构重组作为切入点,提出建设紧凑型的区域空间结构模式,并以孝义市为例,对煤炭资源型城市空间结构优化模式和途径进行探索。     

Design of horizontal drains for the mitigation of liquefaction risk

Drainage is one of the most popular protecting measures to mitigate ground liquefaction. Deploying the drains horizontally may be convenient where conventional vertical ones cannot be used, like beneath existing structures. The spacing among drains must be designed to limit the pore pressure build-up during shaking. The usual assumptions of radial consolidation around vertical drains, stemming from the assumption of an infinite number of drains, may not be appropriate for horizontal ones, since the latter are generally arranged in few rows at a shallow depth, especially if drainage at the ground level is possible as well. Hence, existing solutions for vertical “earthquake” drains have been modified in this work to take into account such different geometrical features. The resulting solution has been validated against numerical and experimental sets of data. Charts covering a wide range of geometrical layouts, soil properties, and seismic actions are finally proposed. They can be used to design the drain spacing that is needed so as not to exceed the target value of excess pore pressure in the ground.     

From appropriation to formal intervention: An analytical framework for understanding the appropriation process in residual spaces of Cairo

The paper addresses the issue of how residual spaces are intervened upon through formal and informal processes. It argues that a profound understanding for the dynamics of informal interventions, denoted by appropriation, could enhance the performance of their formal peers.Adopting a qualitative approach, the paper departs from Lefebvre’s unitary theory of space and arrives at an analytical framework that helps to understand the appropriation processes in residual spaces. It, then, attempts to empirically challenge the applicability of this framework through analyzing a Cairene residual space that has undergone two cycles of intervention: a formal and informal one.     

基于GIS的可达性评价方法比较

可达性是交通及城市研究中的一个非常重要和基础的指标 ,关于该指标的评价方法繁多 ,因此评价方法的选择尤为重要。以江门市为例 ,以地理信息系统为技术平台 ,用实证的方法 ,通过比较几种常用可达性评价方法的结果与城市密度的相关性大小 ,来选择合适的方法 ,同时对基于地理信息系统的可达性评价技术作了一定的探讨。     

风景名胜区总体规划教学体系与方法探研

在风景名胜区总体规划教学中,构建一套由现场调查分析等五个层面架构的教学体系,通过真题真做和真题假做的实验,使学生得到更加综合全面的训练。     

影响道路混凝土强度的相关因素探讨

抗弯拉强度是道路水泥混凝土的控制技术指标。文章通过对道路混凝土所用材料水泥、石子、砂的品质,以及水泥用量、水灰比、单位用水量和砂率配合比设计参数确定对混凝土弯拉强度的影响情况的分析,可以看出合理选用原材料,慎重确定配合比参数,科学设计配合比,是改善道路混凝土性能、提高其抗弯拉强度的重要因素。     

基于森林景观恢复策略的庄园遗产景观设计探寻——以荷兰海德兰省巴克塞比克地区为例

庄园遗产景观是指包含花园和农业用地的历史乡村庄园集群。在气候变化、工业发展和快速城市化的背景下,庄园遗产景观正面临水生态环境失衡、空间碎片化和文化特征消失等挑战,而这些挑战只能从区域规划尺度去应对。以荷兰海德兰省巴克塞比克地区为例,在考虑地方景观异同的同时,以景观自身特性为基底,结合未来发展趋势,进一步诠释了一种旨在提升庄园遗产景观韧性的多尺度景观设计方法。发现森林砍伐为地域空间变化的主要因素之一,它对水系统与生态多样性造成了负面影响。基于在区域尺度上对庄园遗产景观历史发展的分析,森林景观恢复(FLR)作为主要设计策略,旨在从不同尺度上对“退化的”景观进行生态功能修复并提升人类福祉。这种新的空间设计方法将在不同尺度上促进文化遗产景观发展。     

地铁车站主要施工工法比较与浅析

根据地铁车站的功能、所处的周边环境和水文地质条件、施工的难易程度以及施工期间对交通和居民生活的影响等因素,介绍了在地铁车站施工中经常采用的几种主要施工工法。并对这些工法进行了比较,分析了这些工法的各自适用条件和优缺点。     

System-oriented ecotoxicological research: which way to go?

This paper presents an overview of the possibilities for further development of tools and. approaches for the ecological assessment and management of diffusively contaminated ecosystems. It is based on the results of the “Netherlands Stimulation Programme on Ecosystem-oriented Ecotoxicological Research”, the SSEO programme, which ran from 1998 to 2006, and on opinions of international experts on ecological and ecotoxicological risk-assessment methods and their legal applications. The paper also discusses the pros and cons of the set-up of the SSEO programme.Proper management of diffusively polluted areas has to be based on an integral risk-based and system approach. The approach has to be founded on the relationships between pollution, natural stresses, management measures and the presence and activities of specific species. Furthermore, the relationships between biodiversity in ecosystems and its stability and functioning have to be known. The assessment of aquatic ecosystem quality is now based on the comparisons of the composition of actual species with that of reference species. This type of system does not yet exist for the assessment of soil quality, but it is being developed. It is shown that ecological quality criteria based on a Species Sensitivity Distributions approach are sufficiently conservative to avoid or prevent major ecological impacts of diffuse pollution at concentrations below legal standards.However, a proper quality relationship of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is lacking in the ecological assessment methods. Future research should focus on the relationship of ecosystem structure (species composition) and ecosystem functioning and on the impact of disturbing the environment and appropriate management measures.     

自密实混凝土增大截面法加固轴心受压柱研究

通过分析建筑物混凝土构件火灾后的受损程度,提出采用自密实混凝土增大截面法加固轴心受压柱的加固方案,并详细介绍了其加固方案以及加固施工工艺的流程和特点,以指导类似火灾后建筑物混凝土构件加固工程。