沉积气压对电弧离子镀制备ZnO薄膜的结构和性能影响

采用阴极真空电弧离子镀技术在玻璃衬底上制备出了具有择优取向的透明ZnO薄膜. 利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜及紫外-可见吸收光谱仪分别对ZnO薄膜的结构、表面形貌及可见光透过率进行了分析.XRD结果表明,所制备的ZnO薄膜具有六角纤锌矿结构的(002)和(101)两种取向,在沉积气压＞1.0Pa时所制备的ZnO薄膜具有(002)择优取向,并且非常稳定.SEM图表明,ZnO晶粒大小较为均匀,晶粒尺寸随着气压升高而变小.在400～1000nm范围内,ZnO薄膜的可见光透过率超过80%,吸收边在370nm附近,所对应的光学带隙约为3.33～3.40eV,并随着沉积气压上升而变大.     

块体非晶合金及其涂层的电化学行为

采用铜模吸铸法制备了直径为2mm的Fe58Cr12Mo7C15B6Y2和直径为4mm的Fe55Cr12Mo10Cu2C13B6Y2两种块体非晶合金.利用电弧喷涂方法将相同成分的粉芯丝材喷涂在Q235基板上.对涂层进行的结构分析表明,涂层由非晶相和晶化相共同组成,涂层中含有＜2%的孔隙.涂层和块体非晶合金电化学腐蚀研究结果表明,块体非晶合金在极化过程中发生了多次钝化现象,涂层在电化学反应过程中钝化现象比较短暂.非晶样品和涂层之间电化学性能的差异与涂层成分和结构的不均匀性有关.     

洋葱状富勒烯的制备及摩擦性能研究

通过水下电弧放电法制备出洋葱状富勒烯(OLFs).采用高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析了OLFs的晶体结构和形貌,并通过热重(TGA)考察了OLFs的热稳定性.在MRS-10A型四球摩擦试验机上测试了OLFs作为长城牌SE级15W-40汽油机油添加剂的摩擦性能.结果表明,所制备的OLFs具有较高的石墨化程度,直径约25nm,外形呈球状并具有一定的空心结构;在空气中的热稳定性维持到600℃以上.在不同的质量分数和载荷下,OLFs作为润滑油添加剂在减摩性能上均优于碳纳米管(CNTs).     

Electrochemical characteristics of phosphorus doped Si-C composite for anode active material of lithium secondary batteries

Phosphorus doped silicon-carbon composite particles were synthesized through a DC arc plasma torch. Silane(SiH₄) and methane(CH₄) were introduced into the reaction chamber as the precursor of silicon and carbon, respectively. Phosphine(PH₃) was used as a phosphorus dopant gas. Characterization of synthesized particles were carried out by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffractometry(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and bulk resistivity measurement. Electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic test and electrochemical voltage spectroscopy(EVS). In the experimental range, phosphorus doped silicon-carbon composite electrode exhibits enhanced cycle performance than intrinsic silicon and phosphorus doped silicon. It can be explained that incorporation of carbon into silicon acts as a buffer matrix and phosphorus doping plays an important role to enhance the conductivity of the electrode, which leads to the improvement of the cycle performance of the cell.     

一种测定塑性混凝土渗透系数的试验装置

本文介绍了一种新研制的塑性混凝土渗透试验装置，重点阐述了其试验原理、仪器结构及测定方法等内容，并通过塑性混凝土防渗墙工程的测定实例，验证了该渗透仪的性能是稳定可靠的。     

28000kN水压试验机主液压缸的有限元分析

水压试验机的组成及主液压缸的有限元分析。     

Tropfenseparation aus der Gasphase in kleinskaligen Ringkammerzentrifugen

Here, the laminar fluid flow in small‐scale ring chamber centrifuges is investigated to describe the separation behavior of oil aerosols by means of models and laws of similitude. The key objective is the determination of the separation efficiency dependent on the centrifugal geometry, the material properties of the continuous and disperse phases as well as operational parameters such as angular velocity and volume flow. Experimental investigations were conducted to assess the range of validity, the usability and the accuracy of the models.     

弧形钢筋弯曲设备改制后的成功应用

结合三峡永久船闸地下输水系统工程和湖北清江水布垭工程地下厂房工程的特点及施工难题,介绍了弧形弯曲机的改进设计与制作方法,阐述了弧形机工作原理,并对其进行受力分析和强度验算,提出了施工过程中的注意事项。     

High‐performance and robust operation of anode‐supported solid oxide fuel cells in mixed‐gas atmosphere

We demonstrate the high‐performance and robust operation of anode‐supported solid oxide fuel cells under a mixed‐gas atmosphere applying a novel cell structure and characterization method, useful for minimizing the conventional problems of mixed‐gas operation with anode‐supported solid oxide fuel cells. To achieve the exothermic methane (CH₄) partial oxidation and sufficient difference in oxygen partial pressure even in mixed‐gas mode, a composite of metallic rhodium and cerium dioxide (CeO₂) was chosen as the optimized reforming and oxygen barrier layer after the comprehensive catalytic experiment. We also obtained increased cell operation reliability through the combination of anode pre‐reduction, an optimized material system, and a customized characterization jig (including cathode‐ahead layout and impinging jet flow). According to the cell test at 600°C under a feeding gas of CH₄ and O₂, an open‐circuit voltage and maximum power density of 0.916 V and 0.422 W/cm², respectively, were successfully achieved. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高炉喷煤用烟气炉的优化设计

为解决现有烟气炉燃烧不充分、炉膛蓄热能力差、出口烟气混合不均匀以及烟气混合段容易发红变形等问题,从燃烧器设计、内衬砌筑以及混合室结构进行了一系列优化,通过改进有效提高了烟气炉的热效率以及烟气系统的稳定性。