Tie-Over Bolster Pressure Dressing Improves Outcomes of Skin Substitutes Xenografts on Athymic Mice

The efficacy of skin substitutes is established for the treatment of burn injuries, but its use is not limited to this condition. This technology has the potential to improve the treatment of various conditions by offering highly advanced and personalized treatments. In vivo studies are challenging but essential to move to clinical use in humans. Mice are the most widely used species in preclinical studies, but the main drawback of this model is the limited surface area of the graft in long-term transplantation studies caused by the displacement and the contraction of the graft. We improved the conventional surgical procedures by stabilizing the chamber covering the graft with intramuscular sutures and by adding a tie-over bolster dressing. The current study was therefore performed to compare outcomes of skin grafts between the conventional and optimized skin graft model. Human self-assembled skin substitutes (SASSs) were prepared and grafted to athymic mice either by the conventional method or by the new grafting method. Graft healing and complications were assessed using digital photographs on postoperative days 7, 14, and 21. Similar structure and organization were observed by histological staining. The new grafting method reduced medium and large displacement events by 1.26-fold and medium and large contraction events by 1.8-fold, leading to a 1.6-fold increase in graft surface area compared to skin substitutes grafted with the usual method. This innovation ensures better reproducibility and consistency of skin substitute transplants on mice.     

MicroRNA Expression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines and Tumor Biopsies: Potential Therapeutic Targets

This study was carried out to quantitate the expression levels of microRNA-17, -19a, -34a, -155, and -210 (miRs) expressed in nine clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and one chromophobe renal cell carcinoma cell line with and without sarcomatoid differentiation, and in six primary kidney tumors with matching normal kidney tissues. The data in the five non-sarcomatoid ccRCC cell lines—RC2, CAKI-1, 786-0, RCC4, and RCC4/VHL—and in the four ccRCC with sarcomatoid differentiation—RCJ41T1, RCJ41T2, RCJ41M, and UOK-127—indicated that miR-17 and -19a were expressed at lower levels relative to miR-34a, -155, and -210. Compared with RPTEC normal epithelial cells, miR-34a, miR-155, and miR-210 were expressed at higher levels, independent of the sarcomatoid differentiation status and hypoxia-inducible factors 1α and 2α (HIFs) isoform expression. In the one chromophobe renal cell carcinoma cell line, namely, UOK-276 with sarcomatoid differentiation, and expressing tumor suppressor gene TP53, miR-34a, which is a tumor suppressor gene, was expressed at higher levels than miR-210, -155, -17, and -19a. The pilot results generated in six tumor biopsies with matching normal kidney tissues indicated that while the expression of miR-17 and -19a were similar to the normal tissue expression profile, miR-210, -155, -and 34a were expressed at a higher level. To confirm that differences in the expression levels of the five miRs in the six tumor biopsies were statistically significant, the acquisition of a larger sample size is required. Data previously generated in ccRCC cell lines demonstrating that miR-210, miR-155, and HIFs are druggable targets using a defined dose and schedule of selenium-containing molecules support the concept that simultaneous and concurrent downregulation of miR-210, miR-155, and HIFs, which regulate target genes associated with increased tumor angiogenesis and drug resistance, may offer the potential for the development of a novel mechanism-based strategy for the treatment of patients with advanced ccRCC.     

Advances of Titanium Alloys and Its Biological Surface Modification

This paper reviews the past, present and future of surface modification of titanium alloy from the point of view of preparation of hard tissue replacement implants. The development of titanium alloy is also described.     

生物细胞超短脉冲电场传感器

描述了生物细胞的电模型。细胞内生物电效应的实验观察包括细胞颗粒的破裂而又不能使细胞膜受到永久性伤害,细胞内游离钙值的突然升高和基因表现的增强。在较高场强时,亚微秒脉冲的作用是感应生物细胞凋亡（编程细胞死亡）和抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。细胞内电效应的应用包括增强基因向细胞核的释放,肿瘤医疗诊断和控制细胞功能（如生物细胞“冻结”,但不一定死亡）。     

基于函数优化的生物智能进化算法综述

本文主要对求解函数优化问题所用的生物智能进化算法进行概述,同时还对求解函数优化问题的前景作出进一步的展望,可以看出求解函数优化问题采用多种生物智能进化算法相结合的方式具有更宽广的发展前景。     

基于局部动态模型的软组织形变建模与仿真

选择人体软组织模型作为研究对象,针对医学触诊训练的特点,提出了可变区域的局部质点-弹簧/阻尼器(ALMSDM)模型.该模型具有位置可变及区域可扩展的动态特性,改善了以往文献中局部建模方法静态限定的局限,解决了全局“面模型”形变恢复能力差及数据量大的问题.结合ALMSDM的特点,提出了顶点法向量局部更新与预计算策略,从而极大地提高了系统的实时性.从形变恢复能力、反馈力及实时性3方面对不同模型下的系统性能进行了评价,结果显示所提算法能够保证虚拟软组织形变仿真的精确性与实时性,具有可行性与通用性.     

中介器模式的生物信息库查询体系结构

Web信息抽取是当前的一个研究热点,本文分析分布在互联网上众多生物信息数据库资源现状,以分布式异构数据库Mediator/Wrapper集成方式为基础提供具体查询应用解决方案,实现用户访问的集成检索与分析功能.     

基于免疫原理的入侵检测系统进一步研究

生物免疫系统能够使自身主动地抵御外来病毒的攻击,它在生物体内的作用与计算机领域的安全系统非常相似.文章借鉴生物免疫原理,构造了一种全新算法,进一步设计了一个计算机入侵检测系统,使计算机系统能够主动的防御     

Cobalt Ferrite Magnetic Nanoparticles for Tracing Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue: A Preliminary Study

Therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is promising in many diseases. Evaluation of their efficacy depends on adequate follow-up of MSCs after transplantation. Several studies have shown that MSCs can be labeled and subsequently visualized with magnetic nanoparticles (NPs). We investigated the homing of MSCs labeled with magnetic cobalt ferrite NPs in experimentally induced acute kidney injury in mice. To explore the homing of MSCs after systemic infusion into mice, we developed a pre-infusion strategy for optimal tracing and identification of MSCs with polyacrylic acid-coated cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) NPs by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in various organs of mice with cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury and control mice. By correlative microscopy, we detected MSCs labeled with NPs in the lungs, spleen, kidney, and intestine of cisplatin-treated mice and in the lungs and spleen of control mice. Our results confirm that labeling MSCs with metal NPs did not affect the ultrastructure of MSCs and their ability to settle in various organs. This study demonstrates the usefulness of cobalt ferrite NPs in ex vivo visualization of MSCs and offers correlative microscopy as a useful method in routine histopathology laboratories for tracing MSCs in paraffin-embedded tissue.