Estimation of Neutron Yield from Individual Fragment in Medium-Excitation Fission

A method of calculation is described to estimate the average number of neutrons emitted per fragment in medium-excitation fission from published experimental data on neutron emission in thermal-neutron induced fission, average total kinetic energy as a function of fragment mass and mass yield in low- and medium-excitation fission reactions. Use is made of a relation of fragment excitation energy with internal excitation and deformation energies, and the difference in kinetic energy between the fission reactions at two-excitation energies. A tentative calculation is made for the fission of ²³⁸U induced by 12 MeV protons. The results are in good agreement with experimental data.

The method developed in the present work may make it possible to predict the average number of neutrons emitted from individual fragment in medium-excitation fission which has not yet been measured experimentally.     

地震作用下相邻结构间阻尼器的优化参数研究

对地震作用下相邻结构间连接阻尼器的优化参数理论表达式的适用性作了详细的研究,分别为粘弹性阻尼器和粘滞流体阻尼器。共有两种减震控制目标,使主结构的平均相对振动能量最小和使两相邻结构的总平均相对振动能量最小。采用虚拟激励法,研究了小震作用下结构处于线弹性状态时阻尼器的优化参数取值,详细分析了结构模态阻尼比和场地条件的变化对阻尼器优化参数的影响;采用时域和频域分析方法,研究了强震作用下结构处于弹塑性状态时阻尼器的优化参数值,并与理论值进行了对比。结果表明,结构模态阻尼比和场地条件的变化对阻尼器的优化参数影响很小;结构处于弹塑性状态时阻尼器的优化参数值与结构处于线弹性状态的取值相差不大,均与理论值比较接近,该结论对于阻尼器的优化参数理论表达式的应用非常有利。     

Energy‐based excitation control of doubly‐fed induction wind generator for optimum wind energy capture

A novel nonlinear energy‐based excitation controlling strategy for variable‐speed doubly‐fed induction wind generator (DFIWG) is proposed in this paper. From the consideration of physical nature and energy flow of the DFIWG, the mechanical subsystem and the electromagnetical subsystem of the DFIWG first have their port‐controlled Hamiltonian (PCH) realization. Then taking advantage of the feedback interconnection between the subsystems, the entire PCH model of the DFIWG is established. On the basis of this model, the excitation control for the generator speed adjustment is achieved by energy shaping design with the purpose of optimum wind energy capture. Finally, simulation results via MATLAB/Simulink (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA) confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach for wind speeds in different operating stages. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pseudo-excitation-method-based sensitivity analysis and optimization for vehicle ride comfort

In this article, sensitivity analysis formulae for optimizing vehicle suspension systems are derived using the pseudo excitation method (PEM). A spatial finite element model is used to describe the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle running on a randomly uneven road, of which the irregularity is assumed to be a Gaussian random process. Based on the random equations of motion with the right-hand side random acceleration replaced by a pseudo acceleration excitation, various first and second orders of sensitivity formulae are calculated conveniently by differentiating these equations. The optimal solutions when vehicle ride comfort is the objective function are derived by means of these flexibilities. The optimization efficiency and the computational accuracy are numerically justified.     

Terahertz plasmon and surface-plasmon modes in hollow nanospheres

We present a theoretical study of the electronic subband structure and collective electronic excitation associated with plasmon and surface plasmon modes in metal-based hollow nanosphere. The dependence of the electronic subband energy on the sample parameters of the hollow nanosphere is examined. We find that the subband states with different quantum numbers l degenerate roughly when the outer radius of the sphere is r₂ ≥ 100 nm. In this case, the energy spectrum of a sphere is mainly determined by quantum number n. Moreover, the plasmon and surface plasmon excitations can be achieved mainly via inter-subband transitions from occupied subbands to unoccupied subbands. We examine the dependence of the plasmon and surface-plasmon frequencies on the shell thickness d and the outer radius r₂ of the sphere using the standard random-phase approximation. We find that when a four-state model is employed for calculations, four branches of the plasmon and surface plasmon oscillations with terahertz frequencies can be observed, respectively.     

基于脉冲涡流信号的金属膜厚测量

脉冲涡流检测技术能够快速方便地检测金属导体厚度,为了研究脉冲涡流检测技术在金属膜厚测量中的应用,首先设计了测量系统传感器,并分析了其工作原理;采用ANSOFT软件对不同测试金属厚度下传感器的响应信号进行了仿真计算;然后搭建了实际的测厚系统,对不同厚度的铝箔进行了检测,并对实验数据采用三次样条插值进行了拟合,得到了金属膜厚与电压信号的关系。研究结果表明：采用脉冲涡流技术能够较准确地测量出金属膜的厚度。     

基于模糊自适应PI控制的无刷直流电机无级调速系统

针对传统PID控制策略对电机转速控制响应速度慢、控制精度低,以及电机调速系统负载或参数变化时很难达到预期效果等问题,提出了新型模糊自适应PI控制策略,并对该策略在无刷直流电机调速系统中的应用进行了仿真研究;以TI公司的TMS320F2812为主控芯片,IR2136为驱动芯片搭建了无刷直流电机无级调速系统的硬件平台。试验分析结果表明,模糊自适应PI控制策略能加快电机调速系统的响应速度,具有稳定性好、精度高、鲁棒性强等优点,并得到了良好的控制效果,具有较高的应用价值。     

星型齿轮箱动响应的分析与计算

采用MASTA软件与ANSYS软件相结合的方法,通过子结构分析和凝聚节点的作用,实现了星型齿轮传动系统和箱体的耦合连接,建立了大功率星型齿轮箱系统的动力学耦合模型,在对齿轮啮合刚度和传递误差分析计算的基础上,对齿轮传动系统相啮合齿轮的动态啮合力进行了分析计算。并将该动态啮合力进行转换得到轴承处的动态力,施加在相应的凝聚节点上,对齿轮箱体的动响应进行了分析,获得了任意点处的位移、速度和加速度。     

运用模态综合法的车桥自激激励耦合振动分析

针对车桥耦合振动影响自动化码头集装箱小车-低架桥结构安全和使用效率的问题,基于双协调自由界面模态综合法求解了车桥系统在轨道不平顺和轮对蛇形运动自激激励下的耦合振动时域响应,轨道不平顺时程通过Shinozuka一元多维平稳随机过程模拟法从轨道谱生成。用量纲分析法推导了结构动力模型相似条件,设计了试验模型,结合模型试验分析了铅芯橡胶支座、小车速度对车桥耦合振动响应的影响。模型试验与原型仿真结果相互验证表明:模态综合求解车桥耦合振动响应的仿真方法合理;使用铅芯橡胶支座可有效减小车桥加速度响应和支柱反力;车桥加速度响应随着小车速度的增大而增大,系统横向共振临界车速低于竖向车速,临界车速可由简支梁在移动集中力作用下车桥共振条件来估算。