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991.
Hydraulic erosion of concrete by a submerged jet 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The hydraulic erosion of concrete is often found in civil and marine engineering construction. The present study explores
the effects of several erosion parameters on the material loss of a concrete specimen subject to the hydraulic flow produced
by a submerged jet. Such an investigation has rarely been reported in the literature. The concrete specimen has a typical
compressive strength of 35 MPa, and the experimental parameters include the exposure time, incidence angle, standoff distance,
and the hydraulic jet pressure. The impinging velocity is estimated based on the distance considered in the round jet model.
The regression analysis shows the relationship between each parameter and the material loss. One finds that the material loss
is proportional to the exposure time and the hydraulic pressure. The maximum erosion lies at an incidence angle of around
30° to 45° and is affected by the fourth-order polynomial of impinging velocity. The result of the present study provides
a reference to engineering practice where concrete erosion is a concern. 相似文献
992.
F. Liu J. E. Tang T. Jonsson S. Canovic K. Segerdahl J. -E. Svensson M. Halvarsson 《Oxidation of Metals》2006,66(5-6):295-319
FIB, SEM and STEM/EDX were used to investigate X20 stainless-steel samples exposed to dry O2, or O2 containing 40% H2O, with a flow velocity of 0.5 cm/s or 5 cm/s, for 168 hr or 336 hr at 600°C. Thin protective Cr-rich (Cr,Fe)2O3 was maintained on the samples exposed to dry O2, even after 336 hr, and on the sample exposed to O2/H2O mixture with the low-flow velocity (0.5 cm/s) for 168 hr. The oxide scale formed in the latter environment contained less Cr, due to Cr loss through CrO2(OH)2 evaporation. Breakaway oxidation occurred on the samples exposed in high-gas-flow velocity for shorter time (168 hr) or in low-gas-flow velocity (0.5 cm/s) for longer time (336 hr). The breakaway scales featured a two-layered structure: an outward-growing oxide “island” consisting of almost pure hematite (α-Fe2O3), and an inward-growing oxide “crater” consisting of (Cr,Fe)3O4. The transition from a thin protective (Cr,Fe)2O3 scale to a non-protective thick scale on this martensitic/ferritic steel originated locally and was followed by rapid oxide growth, resulting in a thick scale that covered the whole sample surface. 相似文献
993.
Sulfidation behavior of Fe-25Cr-20Ni-1.5Al2O3 in simulated coal combustion/gasification environments
The effect of minor addition of -Al2O3 dispersoids on the sulfidation behavior of Fe-25Cr-20Ni was investigated over a range of pO2, 1.13×10–20 to 1.18×10 ****–22 atm. at constant pS2=1.22×10–8 atm. Fe-25Cr-20Ni and Fe-25Cr-20Ni 1.5 Al2O3 with and without preformed oxide scales were exposed to bioxidant gas mixtures H2/H2O/H2S/Ar at 700° C. Both isothermal and cyclic exposures were included. Scales were characterized by a combination of several surface analytical tools. A remarkable improvement in sulfidation resistance is observed in Fe-25Cr-20Ni-1.5Al2O3 under the conditions investigated here. This is attributed to the ability of the alloy to form and maintain a predominantly Cr2O3 scale with reduced Fe-diffusion and content. Possible scientific reasons for such improvement are discussed. The base alloy, Fe-25Cr-20Ni, fails to develop and retain such a Cr2O3 scale and undergoes sulfidation within a few minutes of exposure. The scale breakdown process by sulfidation is explained qualitatively. Experimental evidence suggests that sulfur in the environment enhances Fe-diffusion and content in the scale. 相似文献
994.
用两种水溶性树脂在碱性镁橄榄石砂上进行了试验,结果表明:镁橄榄石涛因耗酸值高,表面不规则,多孔洞等使得PAN-1型树脂无法满足使用要求,而PAN-2型树脂表现出良好的工艺性能,成功地铸造出物辙叉铸件。 相似文献
995.
铝液充型过程水模拟计算机可视化技术 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
采用可视观察方法研究了铝液充型过程的二维流动状态,并与水模拟实验进行了对比分析,通过调整水粘度来保证水模拟过程与铝液充型过程的相似性.以PIV技术为基础,运用数字视频处理中的运动补偿技术,选用NCCF准则和三步搜索法对低压铸造浇注系统水模拟充型过程的内部二维流场进行了计算和分析;运用边缘检测及提取技术,选用Roberts边缘检测算子对低压铸造浇注系统水模拟充型过程的二维表面流场进行了计算和分析,实现了水模拟过程的量化分析. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
304不锈钢在高温水中的应力腐蚀破裂SCIEI 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用U型弯曲法应力腐蚀破裂试验、电化学测量以及Auger电子能谱(AES)分析方法研究了温度、氯离子浓度和溶解氧含量在高温水中对304不锈钢的应力腐蚀破坏(SC)敏感性的影响及其与表面膜之间的关系。在空气饱和的高温水中(溶解氧为8ppm),随着温度的升高(200—300℃)或氯离子浓度的降低(500—20ppm)304钢SCC敏感性降低。文中还讨论了氧化膜在SCC萌生和扩展中的作用。 相似文献
999.
介绍了熔铸法制造截齿的基本过程。所制截齿热处理后,沿粉末圆柱体齿头横截面上的硬度分布为:中心HRC68,过渡区62,基体55;结合层牢固,截齿的使用寿命增加。 相似文献
1000.