线缆测试仪输出电压校准方法研究

线缆测试仪输出电压具有内阻高、时间短等特点,传统的方法不能满足校准的要求,从而导致结果不准确。为解决这些问题,该文在制定 JJF 1457-2014的过程中,选取典型线缆测试仪进行源内阻实验,选取常用的电压表进行响应时间实验。实验证明,线缆测试仪内部电压源阻抗大约为10 kΩ~2 MΩ,电压表响应时间约为0.5~1.0 s。通过实验,获得了应选用内阻高于1 GΩ以及响应时间应小于被校仪器输出电压持续时间的标准电压表的结论。     

用于现场老化交联聚乙烯电力电缆的降解评估参数

The cables are more likely to deteriorate after several years of service in Shanghai,a city with a humid climate and abundant rainfall.Before assessing the aging status of those cables,it is critical to present effective test parameters which are sensitive to the aging process under special field conditions.Therefore,we have performed water tree investigation,tensile test,and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)test on hundreds of cable samples removed from service.A large number of typical bowtie water trees were found in cable insulation and the water tree content was proposed to characterize the degree of water treeing.Based on Arrhenius Equation and equivalent thermal history parameters estimated from DSC profiles,we also proposed a new parameter ln(t/τθ)to characterize the aging status of cable insulation,Where,t is treated duration andτθis the thermal life under treated temperature.The applicabilities of water tree content,tensile strength,and ln(t/τθ)are tested using the analysis of variance(ANOVA).Then we investigated the relationship between the tensile strength and the water tree content using regression analysis,and analyzed the relationship between ln(t/τθ)and the tensile strength.The results indicated that each of these parameters performs differently with cables which experienced different degrees of age related degradation,and can be used to identify the aging status of field aged cables.The tensile strength can reflect the water treeing condition of field aged cables very well as a commonly used functional parameter.Since ln(t/τθ)is strongly related to the tensile strength,it is an effective parameter to characterize the aging status of field aged cable insulation.Using this newly proposed parameter is more time saving because of the convenience in sampling.     

厦门±320kV柔性直流电缆输电工程电缆选型和敷设

厦门±320 k V柔性直流输电工程是目前世界上电压等级最高的柔性直流输电工程,该工程面临诸多难题。为此,探讨了该工程交联电缆及附件的选型原则、电缆运行温度、单段电缆长度、载流量截面、电缆敷设方式及交直流电缆共沟敷设等参数,为该工程构建中的技术难点提供了合理的解决方案。结果表明:当该工程中直流电缆运行温度取70℃时,电缆具有较好的绝缘性能;当电缆导体的截面积取1 800 mm2时,载流量为1 617 A,满足工程要求;当单段电缆长度取962 m时,可减少电缆接头、降低工程造价;电缆附件应选择现场注塑式;暂态和稳态情况下,采用交直流电缆共沟敷设可以满足安全稳定要求。     

等温松弛法在三元乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆连接器的老化评估中的应用研究

本文采用等温松弛电流法测量了不同老化程度的电缆连接器绝缘的等温松弛电流,建立了基于界面极化理论的等温松弛电流模型,分析了老化引起的缺陷对总体的松弛电流的影响,定义了表征电缆连接器绝缘老化程度的参数——老化因子A,并且计算了不同老化程度的电缆连接器绝缘的老化因子。结果表明随着老化时间的增加,老化因子值也在增加。另外,基于ASTM E698标准测量了活化能,结果表明随着老化时间的增加,活化能减小,这与老化因子之间存在良好的对应关系,表明等温松弛电流法可对电缆连接器的绝缘老化程度进行有效评估。     

热变形对射频同轴开关性能的影响分析

通过建立三维射频同轴开关的电磁-热-结构多物理场耦合仿真模型,得到了射频同轴开关在0～6 GHz 的插入损耗、稳态温升及其所导致的热形变量,进而分析了热变形对射频同轴开关射频性能的影响。分析结果表明,即使是相对内导体尺寸较小的热形变量,也会导致插入损耗发生明显变化。从而为射频微波器件设计人员的热特性设计工作提供参考指导。     

光伏电站设计智能优化

由于目前光伏电站设计目前没有相应的标准,因此以个人经验为指导的情况,无法保证电站建设的成本最优,鉴于此问题,本文提出了一种光伏电站优化设计方法,基于模拟退火算法,通过对光伏区域中的组件进行最优分组来实现两级电缆成本的最优。并通过实际项目对该算法进行检验,达到比较理想效果。     

铁路信号电缆绝缘检测准确性优化方法

为提高铁路信号电缆在线绝缘检测准确性,提出具体优化方法。通过理论建模,分析铁路信号电缆在线绝缘检测不准确的原因,在此基础上提出优化方法。实践结果表明,该方法具备有效性。     

Where to for Brazil's Cities? Citizen Empowerment or Global Marketing?

An awakening interest in public space in Brazilian cities is emphasising the value of existing civic areas. Guilherme Wisnik , a critic, curator and professor at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo, looks at the history and potential future of Brazil's urban spaces. He highlights how despite the introduction of innovative Modernist design in the mid-20th century, which forged ‘a new relationship between architecture, urbanism and landscape design’, more recently the country's cities have been subject to the vicissitudes of market and political forces.     

浙江省高速隧道调频广播覆盖项目的探索与实践(电视转电声)

本文从高速发展状况、听众需求方面阐述了发展高速隧道调频广播覆盖、优化广播覆盖网络的必要性,对高速隧道广播覆盖的建设模式和技术方案进行了分析,总结了工程建设中出现的关键问题。