料浆法磷铵生产乏汽的利用

通过改造利用磷铵生产中反应-蒸发浓缩产生的低位热能乏汽(80~90℃)替代蒸汽完成料浆浓缩、液氨蒸发任务,同时降低末端温度至20~50℃,从而使氨化反应机料浆浓缩的低位热能得到综合利用。改造后节约低压蒸汽4 t/h,全年节标煤2 851.2 t。     

Learning curve analysis of concentrated photovoltaic systems

Price declines and volume growth of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) systems are analysed using the learning curve methodology and compared with other forms of solar electricity generation. Logarithmic regression analysis determines a learning rate of 18% for CPV systems with 90% confidence of that rate being between 14 and 22%, which is higher than the learning rates of other solar generation systems (11% for CSP and 12 to 14% for PV). Current CPV system prices are competitive with PV and CSP, which, when combined with the higher learning rate, indicates that CPV is likely to further improve its marketability. A target price of 1 $/W in 2020 could be achieved with a compound growth rate of 67% for the total deployed volume between 2014 and 2020, which would realize a cumulative deployed volume of 7900 MW. Other projections of deployment volumes from commercial sources are converted using the learning rate into future price scenarios, resulting in predicted prices in the range of 1.1 to 1.3 $/W in 2020. © 2014 The Authors. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

TBB-1000型核能汽轮发电机定子绕组端部引线固定改造

分析了田湾核电站TBB-1000型核能汽轮发电机定子绕组端部固定情况,指出定子绕组端部引线部位固定较薄弱,并采用在端部引线及相邻绝缘引水盒部位用环氧树脂复合材料加固的方法进行了改造。通过分析定子绕组端部引线部位改造前后固有振动频率变化情况,说明此方法对大型汽轮发电机端部固定方式改造具有一定的参考意义。     

基于变压器可控负载原理的新型消弧线圈

介绍了当前消弧线圈技术的发展以及存在的问题,提出了一种宽范围自动连续可调且谐波污染小的新型消弧线圈设计原理.其核心是基于可控电流源负载的变压器,通过控制变压器二次侧电流实现变压器一次侧等效电抗的调节,二次侧电流的跟踪控制由电压型脉宽调制(PWM)逆变器实现.采用变压器二次侧多支路的方法可以实现装置的大容量.文中详细分析了该方案的原理,并介绍了整个装置的控制系统.800kVA样机试验证明了原理的正确性和方案的可行性.     

超临界水氧化法处理丙烯腈剧毒废水的实验研究

丙烯腈生产过程中排放的废水为高浓度剧毒有机废水,采用焚烧等方法处理均不能满足环保要求.使用2.0 L的超临界水氧化反应器对该废水进行处理实验研究.实验结果表明,当反应温度为650℃,压力为28 MPa,氧气过量为理论量的200%,反应时间为180 s时,COD最高去除率可达到99.998%.笔者考察了反应温度、压力、时间、氧气浓度以及催化剂等对COD去除率的影响.处理后出水水质中的COD、氢氰酸、色度、pH等指标均达到国家规定的《污水综合排放标准》.     

Lubrication modes and the IRG transition diagram

The relationship between a Lubrication Mode Diagram (LMD) for concentrated contacts (LCC's) and the ‘IRG transition’ diagram has been studied. In addition, scuffing results, obtained by the IRG (International Research Group) have been analysed, as well as the results of scuffing tests performed by different workers using a two-disc apparatus. It has been found that in Region I of the IRG transition diagram, three sub-regions can be distinguished, representing elastohydrodynamic lubrication, mixed lubrication, and boundary lubrication, respectively. Thus, the IRG transition diagram is not comparable to a ‘lubrication mode diagram’. Furthermore, it has been found that failure of LCC's by scuffing most frequently occurs under conditions of mixed lubrication. Therefore, scuffing criteria based upon the assumption that the load at failure is carried entirely by the micro-contacts are doubtful, and probably wrong.     

VFTO下变压器绕组的EMTP模型

为开展VFTO对变压器影响的研究,先由变压器绕组的S参数计算所需的电压传输函数,然后通过矢量匹配法对电压传输函数进行有理函数逼近,再应用多点Pade逼近降阶,在此基础上实现电路形成了变压器绕组的通用宽频EMTP电路模型。该模型的仿真结果与实测结果吻合,表明该方法简单、准确。     

无水硫酸镁催化剂在2,5-二氯硝基苯生产中的应用

介绍了以对二氯苯和浓硝酸为原料、无水硫酸镁为催化剂制取2,5-二氯硝基苯的工艺过程;分析了催化剂用量和催化剂循环利用对产物选择性的影响,确定了适宜的催化剂用量和催化剂酸化条件。     

园区集中供汽卫生纸机的节能分析与实践

对造纸工业园区集中供汽情况下卫生纸机用汽用能存在的问题进行分析,结合3个工程实例,针对性地对蒸汽冷凝水系统、烘缸干燥系统和气罩及其热风系统等提出节能方案,介绍了工程实施的节能效果。     

Fenton法处理造纸废水反渗透浓水的研究

采用Fenton法处理造纸反渗透(RO)浓水,通过正交实验确定了Fenton反应各种因子的影响大小,探讨了 H2O2浓度、Fe2+浓度、反应时间和体系pH值等条件对CODCr去除效果的影响,实验结果表明,采用Fenton高级氧化法处理RO浓水,当体系pH值为4、H2O2浓度为5 mmol/L、Fe2+浓度为2.5 mmol/L、反应时间1.5h时,CODCr去除率可以超过60％,出水CODCr可降低至100mg/L以下,可满足造纸废水排放标准的要求.