利用GM（1,1）模型对地下水恢复进行预测分析

沧州市区关停深层自备井后,深层地下水恢复取得了明显的效果。本文采用色系统中GM（1,1）模型对第Ⅴ含水组地下水埋深进行预测。     

有限封闭环境中基于PCA的水声测距方法

有限空间中多途效应严重影响测距的准确性,针对该问题,提出一种基于主成分分析的水声信号测距方法,对信号协方差矩阵进行降维和特征抽取,在保留协方差矩阵信息量的同时抑制多途干扰信号的影响。实验结果表明,该方法能够提高有限封闭液态场环境中水声测距的准确性和稳健性。     

Interplay Between Wetting and Phase Behavior in Binary Polymer Films and Wedges: Monte Carlo Simulations and Mean Field Calculations

Confining a binary mixture, one can profoundly alter its miscibility behavior. The qualitative features of miscibility in confined geometry are ratheruniversal and shared by polymer mixtures as well as small molecules, but the unmixing transition in the bulk and the wetting transition are typically well separated in polymer blends. The interplay between wetting and miscibility of a symmetric polymer mixture via large-scale Monte Carlo simulations in the framework of the bond fluctuation model and via numerical self–consistent field calculations is studied. The film surfaces interact with the monomers via short ranged potentials, and the wetting transition of the semi–infinite system is of first order. It can be accurately located in the simulations by measuring the surface and interface tensions and using Young’s equation. If both surfaces in a film attract the same component, capillary condensation occurs and the critical point is close to the critical point of the bulk. If surfaces attract different components, an interface localization/delocalization occurs which gives rise to phase diagrams with two critical points in the vicinity of the pre-wetting critical point of the semi–infinite system. The crossover between these two types of phase diagrams as a function of the surface field asymmetry is studied. The dependence of the phase diagram on the film thickness Δ for antisymmetric surface fields is investigated. Upon decreasing the film thickness, the two critical points approach the symmetry axis of the phase diagram, and below a certain thickness Δ_tri, there remains only a single critical point at the symmetric composition. This corresponds to a second-order interface localization/delocalization transition even though the wetting transition is of first order. At a specific film thickness, Δ_tri, tricritical behavior is found. The behavior of antisymmetric films is compared with the phase behavior in an antisymmetric double wedge. While the former is the analog of the wetting transition of a planar surface, the latter is related to the filling behavior of a single wedge. Evidence for a second-order interface localization/delocalization transition in an antisymmetric double wedge is presented, and its unconventional critical behavior is related to the predictions of Parry et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 83:5535 (1999)) for wedge filling. The critical behavior differs from the Ising universality class and is characterized by strong anisotropic fluctuations.Invited paper presented at the Fifteenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 022–27, 2003, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

地基附加应力和变形计算的Excel电子表格法

地基附加应力和变形计算是地基设计计算的重要内容,直接关系着结构设计的安全可靠程度.传统的计算方法是基于计算成果表的查表插值法.该方法手工计算工作量大且容易出现计算错误.基于弹性理论的地基应力计算原理,给出了地基附加应力计算的Excel电子表格法.对地基变形计算的假定前提进行了讨论,对地基变形计算的传统分层总和法和规范推荐方法进行了原理分析、计算分析和计算结果比较,给出了地基变形计算的Excel电子表格法的基本方法.提出了一个适于Excel电子表格法的新的e-p表达式.给出的地基附加应力及变形计算Excel电子表格法可极大提高相关内容的计算效率,避免出现计算差错.     

圆柱壳限制失稳的实验研究

采用高分子高弹性材料Mylar薄膜制作衬壳,其外侧的刚性限制为钢制圆柱筒壳,两端用加强环压紧以模拟边界条件。用气压加载模拟圆柱壳受周向均匀压力,观察衬壳的屈曲过程,同时测量衬壳的临界载荷。实验测量结果与有限元计算的结果符合较好。另外还通过人为制造不同初始缺陷和变换不同壳体长度,研究了限制失稳临界载荷与初始缺陷及不同长度的关系。结果表明圆柱薄衬壳受侧向外压的限制失稳临界载荷比自由失稳临界载荷有很大提高。     

钢管混凝土梁柱节点受力性能的试验研究

钢筋混凝土梁与钢管混凝土柱节点的受力性能是影响钢管混凝土结构应用的关键问题．针对某电信枢纽中心的工程实践提出了穿心牛腿 环梁的新型节点构造形式，依据相似原理进行了静载及反复荷载下节点模型试验研究．试验研究表明，该节点传力路线明确，受力性能较好．根据试验结果改进后的新型节点已用于工程实践．     

Radial explosion strain and its fracture effect from confined explosion with charge of cyclonite

Instrumented experiments were conducted in concrete models to study the explosion-induced radial strain and fracture effect of rock-like media under confined explosion with a charge of cyclonite. As a charge was exploded,two different radial strain waves were sequentially recorded by a strain gage at a distance of 80 mm from the center of charge. Through the attenuation formula of the maximum compressive strain(εrmax), the distribution of εrmax and its strain rate(ε) between the charge and gage were obtained. The effect of the two waves propagating outwards on the radial fracture of surrounding media was discussed. The results show that the two waves are pertinent to the loading of shock energy (Es) and bubble energy (Eb) against concrete surrounding charge, respectively. The former wave lasts for much shorter time than the latter. The peak values of εrmax and ε of the former are higher than those of the latter, respectively.     

考虑箍筋约束的预应力型钢高强砼梁延性分析

预应力型钢高强混凝土(PSRHC)梁具有承载力高、截面尺寸小等特点,适用于大跨度、重荷载的建筑结构.为掌握不同设计参数对PSRHC梁构件延性性能的影响,利用数值方法,进行了PSRHC梁静力性能的模拟及多参数分析.首先,基于截面纤维模型,建立了可考虑箍筋约束作用的PSRHC梁的静力全过程数值模拟方法,相关荷载-位移计算曲线与已有试验结果吻合良好.之后,研究了混凝土强度等级、受拉、受压钢筋用量、预应力筋用量、型钢翼缘及腹板厚度、箍筋间距及直径等因素对PSRHC梁延性的影响.结果表明:增大混凝土强度等级,增加受压钢筋及箍筋用量,可提高PSRHC梁的延性;增加受拉钢筋、预应力筋用量,增大腹板厚度,均使得延性降低;而翼缘厚度对延性的影响规律不明显.其中,箍筋间距由50 mm增加至200 mm时,延性系数降低约20.6%;箍筋直径由6 mm增大至10 mm,延性系数增大18%~34%.最后,结合数值试验结果,建立了包含体积配箍筋率及综合配筋指标两个参数的延性系数计算公式,利用此公式评估延性时以3.1作为界限值.     

Effect of high hydrogen enrichment on the outer-shear-layer flame of confined lean premixed CH4/H2/air swirl flames

In this study, we investigated the H₂-induced transition of confined swirl flames from the “V” to “M” shape. H₂-enriched lean premixed CH₄/H₂/air flames with H₂ fractions up to 80% were conducted. The flame structure was obtained with Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) of the OH radical. Flow fields were measured with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). It was observed that the flame tip in the outer shear layer gradually propagated upstream and finally anchored to the injector with the hydrogen fractions increase, yielding the transition from the “V” to “M” flame. We examined the flame structures and the flame flow dynamics during the transition. The shape transition was directly related to the evolution of the corner flame along the outer shear layer. With H₂ addition, the outer recirculation zone first appeared downstream where the corner flame started to propagate upstream; then, the recirculation zone expanded upward to form a stable “M” flame gradually. The flow straining was observed to influence the stabilization of the outer shear layer flame significantly. This study can be useful for the understanding of recirculation-stabilized swirling flames with strong confinement. The flame structure and the flow characteristics of flames with a high H₂ content are also valuable for model validation.