基于空间分布特性和局部复杂度的显著目标检测算法

目前的视觉注意显著区域检测算法,主要依赖像素间的相互对比,缺乏从全局角度对显著目标的分析理解。依据显著目标是显眼、紧凑和完整的思路,提出一种基于目标空间分布特性和局部复杂度的无监督视觉注意显著目标自动提取算法。首先根据局部区域与其多个尺度邻域的对比,得到亮度显著图;然后利用颜色信息的显眼性、空间分布和区域一致性得到颜色显著图;同时通过对方向的空间分布和局部复杂度进行多尺度分析得到方向显著图;最后通过显著值的空间分布和面积增强因子相结合的融合策略得到输入图像的显著图,根据显著区域确定感兴趣区域位置,在基础上完成目标检测。将此方法应用于各类具有不同特点的彩色图像进行仿真实验,得到较好的检测结果,表明该算法是切实可行。     

基于MEMS技术研制RF硅基微电感线圈

在分析了硅基上金属线圈的串联电阻、金属层厚度等在低频和高频的情况下对Q的影响及原因的基础上,提出了一种在硅杯表面采用浓硼扩散区与镀金属膜形成的欧姆接触电极作为内引线的硅基电感的新制造方法。设计了硅基电感的版图尺寸和相关的工艺流程,用IntelliSuite软件模拟验证了工艺流程的可能性,再利用Ansys有限元软件中的电磁分析模块模拟了电流与磁感应强度的关系、衬底涡流分布等,为平面电感的理论与实验的进一步比较分析提供了参考依据。在研制过程中发现影响电感性能好坏的主要因素是衬底涡流效应,为此提出了在矩形硅杯膜上制作电感的方法,为了进一步减薄金属电感线圈衬底的厚度,在硅杯膜背面采用激光打孔得到了膜厚约为5μm的衬底,从而可以使衬底中的涡流大幅度减少、电感的Q值得到很大提高。此外,提出的新制造方法采用了绝缘性能比SiO2好的Al2O3薄膜作为电感线圈与衬底之间的绝缘层。结果表明,设计的平面螺旋电感具有制造工艺简单、与IC工艺相兼容的优点,有广泛的应用前景。     

地域性水系与人居环境的和谐发展——以威海石岛河景观改造工程为例

通过对山东威海石岛河的景观改造设计工作的分析,展示了如何在针对水系的景观设计工作中解决自然生态保护与人居环境之间的矛盾;在探索寻求人居生活环境与自然生态保护之间的平衡点方面进行了初步的研究.总结了对于地域性、区域性、功能性较强的水系进行景观设计时,围绕保护居民生命财产安全、保护自然环境、提高人居环境质量三方面内容而进行景观设计的一些经验和方法.     

基于视觉注意力模型的红外人体图像兴趣区域提取*

由于红外人体图像所处背景的复杂性,使用阈值分割定位红外人体图像往往把大量的非人体图像一起分离出来,这给后续工作带来了巨大的计算量.研究了红外人体图像的典型特点和人眼视觉判断人体轮廓图像的敏感特征,使用该特征建立了简单的人眼视觉对人体的注意力模型,并构建特征判别概率函数,对待定目标进行概率的估算,最终使用该模型快速地剔除非人体红外图像的干扰,并准确地定位人体兴趣区域.     

螺旋CT的三维空间面皮参数平面化方法*

将三维空间面皮转换为二维平面可以使获取面皮特征、颅骨与面皮的关联信息更方便。通过改进的轮廓线提取方法剔除原始切片冗余数据,对重构得到的面皮数据进行空间坐标系的规范,并以最近邻区域(NNR)划分方法将空间面皮的点云数据点集化,最后结合新划分的平面点数据集的特点提出了线性插补的参数平面化方法和基于链表的参数平面化方法。实验证明两种方法的效果良好,验证了其正确性和可行性。     

甘肃中部地区农村劳动力转移的问题及对策

摘 要 甘肃中部地区在农村劳动力转移过程中出现了从未有过的“五化”（整体人口低能化、劳动者队 伍的老龄化、村庄凋敝化、公共管理弱化、男性鳏夫化）现象。通过对该现象进行深入分析,有针对性地 提出了大力提高农村人口素质,创新农地产权制度,大力发展民营企业,着力推进农村就业公共服务体系 建设,有序、较快推进农村城镇化等对策建议。     

超冗余移动机械臂的逆运动学快速求解

为了快速并精确地求解一类冗余移动机械臂(MM)运动学的优化逆解,提出了一种基于遗传信
赖域算法和解析解法相结合的运动学求逆方法. 首先使用解析解法求出机械臂逆解关于移动
车运动参数的表达式,据此表达式引入关节最佳柔顺性准则确定信赖域算法的目标函数;然
后用遗传信赖域算法快速求解此只包含移动车运动参数为自变量的目标函数的最优化问题,
据此求出运动学逆解. 仿真算例表明,该方法能快速求出精确和优化的运动学逆解.     

可并行中文同主题词聚类新算法

提出了一种高效的自动按照主题对中文词进行聚类的算法.该算法利用顿号(、)切分抽取语料库句子中的并列中文词,并以抽取出的中文词为节点构建一个共引用图; 然后对每个中文词节点产生若干个locality sensitive Hashing (LSH)签名组合; 最后将至少有1个相同LSH签名组合的任意2个中文词标记为同一个主题类.实验表明,该算法运算速度快,且易并行实现,在海量语料库的支持下,执行效率高,聚类效果较好.     

Local adaptive segmentation algorithm for 3-D medical image based on robust feature statistics

Medical image segmentation is of pivotal importance in computer-aided clinical diagnosis. Many factors, including noises, bias field effect, local volume effect, as well as tissue movement may affect the med- ical image, thus causing blurring or uneven characteristics when forming a picture. Such quality defects will inevitably impair the gray-scale difference between adjacent tissues and lead to insufficient segmentation or even leakage during tissue or organ segmentation. In the present investigation, a local adaptive segmentation algorithm for 3-D medical image based on robust feature statistics （LARFS） was proposed. By combining segmentation algorithm principles for traditional region growing （RG） and robust feature statistics （RFS）, the location and neighborhood image information of input seed point can be comprehensively analyzed by LARFS. Results show that, for different segmentation objects, under controlling the input parameter of growing factor within certain range, LARFS segmentation algorithm can adapt well to the regional geometric shape. And be- cause the robust feature statistics is applied in the contour evolution process, LARFS algorithm is not sensitive to noises and not easily influenced by image contrast and object topology. Hence, the leakage and excessive segmentation effects are ameliorated with a smooth edge, and the accuracy can be controlled within the effective error range.     

A Thermo-Mechanical Study of Some Epoxy Adhesives Subjected to Combined Dynamic and Static Stresses

The object of the present study was to investigate the effect of superimposed dynamic and static stresses on mechanical and thermal properties of some epoxy adhesives. It was found that combinations of shear creep and torsional oscillations, applied simultaneously to adhesive joints at temperatures within the glassy range of the adhesive, led to strengthening of the joints in shear and to an increase in the glass transition temperature of the adhesive. Similar loading stresses applied at temperatures close to the T_g of the adhesive, led to opposite effects on the above mentioned properties of the joints. The width of the glassy-rubbery transition of the adhesives increased, in the whole range of temperatures used in this study and for all epoxy compositions, as a result of subjecting the joints to superimposed dynamic and static stresses. The broadening of the glass transition was interpreted as a result of the stiffening of polymer network during the combined stressing experiments. A linear relationship was found between the area of endothermal peaks in the first DSC scan of specimens subjected prior to test to superimposed dynamic and static stresses at temperatures below T_g, and the shear strength of the joints. In agreement with this observation and with literature data, a linear relationship was revealed also between the glass transition temperature of the resins (measured in the first DSC scan) and the shear strength of the joints. Based on experimental observations and on some literature information, it was suggested that the strengthening of the joint, as well as the changes in thermal properties of the adhesives, are mainly due to physical processes, such as short-range orientation of network chains and an increase in intermolecular interaction between highly polar sites of the network. The possibility that superimposed stressing led to changes in chemical crosslinking was discussed but it seems that no such reactions occurred.