Upper bound limit analysis of roof collapse in shallow tunnels with arbitrary cross sections under condition of seepage force

The analytical solutions for predicting the exact shape of collapse mechanisms in shallow tunnels with arbitrary excavation profiles were obtained by virtue of the upper bound theorem of limit analysis and variation principle according to Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The seepage force was included in the upper bound limit analysis, and it was computed from the gradient of excess pore pressure distribution. The seepage was regarded as a work rate of external force. The numerical results of roof collapse in square and circular tunnels with different rock parameters were derived and discussed, which proves to be valid in comparison with the previous work. The influences of different parameters on the shape of collapsing blocks were also discussed.     

Limiting drainage criterion for groundwater of mountain tunnel

Large amount of groundwater discharging from tunnel is likely to cause destruction of the ecological environment in the vicinity of the tunnel, thus an appropriate drainage criterion should be established to balance the tunnel construction and groundwater.To assess the related problems, an limiting drainage standard ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 m3/（m·d） was suggested for mountain tunnels based on survey and comparative analysis. After that, for the purpose of verifying the rationality of the standard, a calculated formula for dewatering funnel volume caused by drainage was deduced on the basis of the groundwater dynamics and experience method.Furthermore, the equation about the relationship between water discharge and drawdown of groundwater table was presented. The permeability coefficient, specific yield and groundwater table value were introduced, and then combined with the above equation, the drawdown of groundwater table under the proposed limiting drainage criterion was calculated. It is shown that the proposed drainage standard can reach the purpose of protecting ecological environment under the following two conditions. One is the permeability coefficient ranges from 10-4 to 10-5 m/s and the specific yield ranges from 0.1 to 0.001. The other is the permeability coefficient varies from 10-6 to 10-8 m/s and the specific yield varies from 0.1 to 0.01. In addition, a majority of common geotechnical layers are involved in the above ranges. Thus, the proposed limiting drainage standard which ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 m3/（m·d） for mountain tunnel is reasonable.     

金沙遗址博物馆文物英译名探究

通过对金沙遗址博物馆文物英译名的分析,探讨了文物名称翻译的标准和方法,以期为规范文物名称翻译和推动中华文化的对外交流及传播工作提供借鉴。     

屈服准则与重力坝超载安全系数的相关分析

有限元法的计算精度与可靠性和屈服准则的适当选择直接相关。因此,在坝体稳定性数值分析中,屈服准则的选择对重力坝超载安全系数影响较大。为了研究屈服准则与重力坝超载安全系数的本质关系,进而给数值计算中屈服准则适当选择提供理论依据,运用应力解法推导了屈服准则随着罗代角的变化与重力坝超载安全系数之间的函数关系,并运用有限元法对向家坝水利工程大坝深层抗滑稳定性进行验证与研究。研究表明内切圆锥屈服准则使得超载安全系数取得极小值,坝体最容易发生塑性流动失稳,而扩展锥屈服准则下的超载安全系数最大,坝体不容易发生塑性流动失稳     

Prediction of forming limit in hydro-mechanical deep drawing of steel sheets using ductile fracture criterion

It has been observed that the forming limit curve at fracture (FLCF) of steel sheets, with a relatively higher ductility limit have linear shapes, similar to those of a bulk forming process. In contrast, the FLCF of sheets with a relatively lower ductility limit have rather complex shapes approaching the forming limit curve at neck (FLCN) towards the equi-biaxial strain paths. In this study, the FLCFs of steel sheets were measured and compared with the fracture strains predicted from specific ductile fracture criteria, including a criterion suggested by the authors, which can accurately describe FLCFs with both linear and complex shapes. To predict the forming limit for hydro-mechanical deep drawing of steel sheets, the ductile fracture criteria were integrated into a finite element simulation. The simulation, results based on the criterion suggested by authors accurately predicted the experimetal, fracture limits of steel sheets for the hydro-mechanical deep drawing process.     

铝液充型过程水模拟技术的研究

以相似理论为理论基础，采用计算机可视化技术，分别进行了铝液、水、0．215％聚丙烯酰胺水溶液的充型可视化试验，拍摄、记录了试验过程。试验结果表明：以水作为模拟介质，从宏观上反映铝液的流动状态是可行的；但在水模拟流场的计算中，要想用水模拟流场客观真实的反映铝液的流场，使其具有更好的相似性，要适当地调整水的黏度，会使计算结果更可靠。     

双回转送进二辊冷轧管机凸轮设计研究

本文提出了双回转送进二辊冷轧管机凸轮理论轮廓曲线的新设计方法 ,其轮廓曲线加速度与跃度呈梯形 ,且跃度边界连续 ,给出了针对双回转送进二辊冷轧管机的两个过渡段具有等加速度和跃度的设计准则     

MODEL OF CLEAVAGE CRACK PROPAGATION ACROSS BOUNDARY

In the light of analysis of the features of cleavage fractographs of low carbon steel,the stresscriterion for cleavage crack propagation across ferrite grain boundary was established on thesupposition that resistance to the propagation results from an arbitrary mutual orientation ofthe cleavage plans in the neighbouring grains.On the basis of concept of statistical distribu-tion of cleavage plane in space,the probabilistic characteristic of cleavage process was ex-pounded,and the fracture stress of the cracked specimen over temperature range in whichfracture is initiated by cleavage mechanism was calculated by means of finite element analysisprogram and the calculated result was found to be in agreement with that measured.     

Lode应力参数与应力参量之间的内在联系及屈服准则的推广

从塑性力学应力Ｌｏｄｅ参数着手，深入研究了应力Ｌｏｄｅ参数与各应力参量之间的内在联系，并对塑性理论中屈服准则进行了合理推广。对塑性理论及其应用具有重要意义。     

解理裂缝过界扩展模型

根据对低碳钢解理断裂显微特征分析的结果,以相邻解理系统失配作为裂纹过界扩展的阻力源,建立了解理裂纹过界扩展的临界条件,并根据解理系统的空间分布的统计特性,对裂缝试样的解理断裂行为进行了计算模拟。计算结果与实验结果一致。