测量不确定度与误差的区别及在评定中应注意的问题

介绍了测量不确定度与测量误差的区别以及在评定中应注意的几个问题。文中结合当前国际上的一些动态就可忽略的不确定度来源、标准差的安全因子、A类评定和B类评定的应用、Up和U的选用、测量不确定度评定的简化建议等问题进行了讨论。     

汽车保险杠支架成形模设计

分析了汽车保险杠支架的成形工艺 ,制定了合理的工艺方案 ,解决了模具工作中工件成形产生扭曲和偏移及模具的加工问题     

Deformation behavior ofA6063 tube with initial thickness deviation in free hydraulic bulging

Experiment on seamless tubes of aluminum alloy A6063 with initial thickness deviation of 0-20% was conducted through a free hydraulic bulging with tube ends free. The influence of initial thickness deviation on the cross-section profile, thickness distribution, maximum internal pressure and maximum radial expansion was investigated. FEM simulation was also performed in order to examine and help explaining the experimental results. The results indicate that the internal pressure and maximum internal pressure appear to be little influenced by the initial thickness deviation, and that the cross-section profile of the bulged tube changes diversely and can not be a perfect circle. The results also suggest that the increase in initial thickness deviation may lead to a remarkable decrease in maximum radial expansion, and a rapid increase in thickness deviation and the center eccentricity of the inner and outer profiles.     

基于惩罚因子的多约束剪枝QoS路由算法

为满足新一代互联网上各业务的服务质量( QoS)要求,设计一种多约束剪枝QoS路由算法PF-MCP,采用剪枝算法思想,综合考虑带宽、时延和抖动多重QoS约束,引入惩罚因子进行综合评价找出多条有效路径并从中选取最优路径。采用固定和随机网络层拓扑进行仿真实验,结果表明,与合成优先权值路由算法相比,PF-MCP算法在QoS满意度、服务节点计算能力及时间复杂度方面性能较优,具有路由运算量小、网络恢复能力强及选取的最优路径可信性高的特点,并且在覆盖网QoS路由方面适用范围广。     

基于嵌入式视觉的子机器人入舱方法

提出一种基于嵌入式视觉的子机器人入舱方法, 用于子母式机器人系统中对子机器人的回收. 子机器人基于自身嵌入式平台捕获和处理入口处的引导标识图像, 根据局部颜色排布特征快速提取出标识中心, 利用最小二乘法拟合水平颜色交界线的成像斜率, 基于成像斜率-视偏角模型判别出子机器人航向与入口平面的法线关系, 从而进行运动决策使二者重合以完成入舱. 该方法无需摄像头标定和航迹测量即可准确入舱, 仿真实验验证了所提出方法的有效性.

     

天然气长输管道燃驱机组控制系统优化技术

燃气轮机驱动的压缩机组被广泛地应用在天然气长输管道,其控制系统优化技术的大范围深度应用在管道行业尚数首次,及时消除生产瓶颈的同时,也为涉及燃机的控制专业同行提供了技术借鉴,更重要的是为管道行业燃机运行提供了安全保障。     

基于隧道磁阻传感器的三维电子罗盘设计

针对现有电子罗盘在地磁场检测时易受到外界磁场干扰而导致测量精度不高的问题,设计了基于隧道磁阻传感器( TMR)的三维电子罗盘并完成样机制作。研究了实际环境中电子罗盘的误差特性,经椭球拟合校正后,采用基于椭圆假设的椭圆拟合方法对误差进行补偿,补偿后其方位角精度可达0.85°,有效降低94.81%的方位角误差。实验结果验证了TMR传感器在电子罗盘应用的可行性。     

一种多维度的O2O电子商务声誉计算模型

移动通信技术与可信支付技术的成熟,使得近年来O2O商务飞速发展。声誉管理是交易双方建立信任关系的坚实基础,但目前针对O2O商务特点的声誉研究却几近于无,已有的P2P、B2C、C2C商务的声誉研究又无法反映O2O商务模式的特点,不适用于O2O商家的声誉计算。针对这些问题,提出了一种新的O2O商家声誉计算模型ESRep。模型根据O2O本地服务业的特点进行多维度思考,对商家的运营时间、客流量等因素进行分析,同时也考虑客户的评价、交易价格偏离度、交易双方空间距离等因素,充分体现了O2O商务线上和线下的特点。仿真结果表明,模型能够有效反映O2O商家的真实声誉,降低恶意节点的评价作用,遏制节点的声誉共谋行为。对比实验表明该模型具有良好的性能和精度。     

Solving linear generalized Nash equilibrium problems numerically

This paper considers the numerical solution of linear generalized Nash equilibrium problems (LGNEPs). Since many methods for nonlinear problems require the nonsingularity of some second-order derivative, standard convergence conditions are not satisfied in our linear case. We provide new convergence criteria for a potential reduction algorithm (PRA) that allow its application to LGNEPs. Furthermore, we discuss a projected subgradient method (PSM) and a penalty method that exploit some known Nikaido–Isoda function-based constrained and unconstrained optimization reformulations of the LGNEP. Moreover, it is shown that normalized Nash equilibria of an LGNEP can be obtained by solving a single linear program. All proposed algorithms are tested on randomly generated instances of economic market models that are introduced and analysed in this paper and that lead to LGNEPs with shared and with non-shared constraints. It is shown that these problems have some favourable properties that can be exploited to obtain their solutions. With the PRA and in particular with the PSM we are able to compute solutions with satisfying precision even for problems with up 10,000 variables.     

Continuum electrostatic approach for evaluating positions and interactions of proteins in a bilayer membrane

Orientations of proteins in the membranes are crucial to their function and stability. Unfortunately the exact positions of these proteins in the lipid bilayer are mostly undetermined. Here, the spatial orientation of membrane proteins within the lipid membrane was evaluated using a Poisson–Boltzmann solvent continuum approach to calculate the electrostatic free energy of the protein solvation at various orientations in an implicit bilayer. The solvation energy was obtained by computing the difference in electrostatic energies of the protein in water and in lipid/water environments, treating each as an implicit solvent model. The optimal position of transmembrane proteins (TMP) in a lipid bilayer is identified by the minimum in the “downhill” pathway of the solvation energy landscape. The energy landscape pattern was considerably conserved in various TMP classes. Evaluation of the position of 1060 membrane proteins from the orientations of proteins in membranes (OPM) database revealed that most of the polytopic and β-barrel proteins were in good agreement with those of the OPM database. The study provides a useful scheme for estimating the membrane solvation energy made by lipid-exposed amino acids in membrane proteins. In addition, our results tested with the bacterial potassium channel model demonstrated the potential usefulness of the approach in assessing the quality of membrane protein models. The present approach should be applicable for constructing transmembrane proteins–lipid configuration suitable for membrane protein simulations and will have utility for the structural modeling of membrane proteins.