地下水水源热泵区域供热供冷系统的设计

根据吐鲁番地区的气候特征和区域供热供冷特点,在地下水取水、回灌、水温和水量获得保证的条件下,在设计上采取了一系列提高系统能效的措施,包括尽量缩小水源热泵系统的作用半径,并采用高效循环泵,控制输送水泵的耗电输热比;选择水源侧大温差且高效的热泵机组,优化机组设计参数等,实施方案在注重节能效益的同时也使系统的经济性有所提高。     

莱钢型钢炼铁厂提高原料场冬季翻卸车效率的生产实践

针对原料区域冬季生产困难,分析了影响冬季翻卸车的主要因素以及采取的具体措施。     

Luminescence quantum efficiency at 1.5 μm of Er3+-doped tellurite glass determined by thermal lens spectroscopy

Erbium doped tellurite glasses (TeO₂ + Li₂O + TiO₂) were prepared by conventional melt-quenching method to study the influence of the Er³⁺ concentration on the luminescence quantum efficiency (η) at 1.5 μm. Absorption and luminescence data were used to characterize the samples, and the η parameter was measured using the well-known thermal lens spectroscopy. For low Er³⁺ concentration, the measured values are around 76%, and the concentration behavior of η shows Er–Er and Er–OH⁻ interactions, which agreed with the measured lifetime values.     

Policy options towards an energy efficient residential building stock in the EU-27

The EU-27 residential building stock offers high potential for energy efficiency gains. The policies already in place or proposed to improve the energy efficiency and thus the environmental performance focus on new buildings and major renovations of existing buildings. However, there might be additional measures that could lead to further energy efficiency improvements. In particular, the installation of roofs or windows that show a high thermal efficiency outside major renovations offer a large improvement potential. In this study, the potential environmental and economic impacts of two types of such policy options were analysed: first, measures that require high energy efficiency standards when roofs or windows have to be replaced; and, second, measures that accelerate the replacement of building elements. The results suggest that the two policies offer the potential for substantial additional energy savings. In addition, the installation of energy efficient building elements comes at negative net cost. When the replacement of building elements is accelerated, however, the additional costs do not outweigh the energy cost savings.     

In vitro comparative evaluation of monolayered multipolymeric films embedded with didanosine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: a potential buccal drug delivery system for ARV therapy

Drug delivery via the buccal route has emerged as a promising alternative to oral drug delivery. Didanosine (DDI) undergoes rapid degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, has a short half-life and low oral bioavailability, making DDI a suitable candidate for buccal delivery. Recent developments in buccal drug delivery show an increased interest toward nano-enabled delivery systems. The advantages of buccal drug delivery can be combined with that of nanoparticulate delivery systems to provide a superior delivery system. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the preparation of novel nano-enabled films for buccal delivery of DDI. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were prepared via hot homogenization followed by ultrasonication and were characterized before being incorporated into nano-enabled monolayered multipolymeric films (MMFs). Glyceryl tripalmitate with Poloxamer 188 was identified as most suitable for the preparation of DDI-loaded SLNs. SLNs with desired particle size (PS) (201?nm), polydispersity index (PDI) (0.168) and zeta potential (?18.8?mV) were incorporated into MMFs and characterized. Conventional and nano-enabled MMFs were prepared via solvent casting/evaporation using Eudragit RS100 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Drug release from the nano-enabled films was found to be faster (56% versus 20% in first hour). Conventional MMFs exhibited higher mucoadhesion and mechanical strength than nano-enabled MMFs. SLNs did not adversely affect the steady state flux (71.63?±?13.54?µg/cm²?h versus 74.39?±?15.95?µg/cm²?h) thereby confirming the potential transbuccal delivery of DDI using nano-enabled MMFs. Nano-enabled buccal films for delivery of DDI can be successfully prepared, and these physico-mechanical studies serve as a platform for future formulation optimization work in this emerging field.     

Uptake of energy efficiency interventions in English dwellings

Little detailed evidence has previously been available regarding the uptake rate or prevalence of energy efficiency interventions among specific household groups. This study uses the Home Energy Efficiency Database (HEED) to investigate both the combination of measures that have been installed, and in which dwellings, according to key neighbourhood socio-demographic variables, including income and tenure. Analysis of 2000–07 data indicates that approximately 40% (9.3 million) dwellings in England had approximately 23.7 million efficiency measures installed, with an average of 2.5 measures per dwelling. Building fabric-related measures were the most frequent (e.g. cavity wall insulation, loft insulation and glazing) with an average of 2.1 million installed each year. Dwellings with the highest number of fabric interventions (the top 20%) were more likely to be found in areas with low income, with more owner-occupied dwellings, experiencing lower winter temperatures, having a lower proportion of flats, and having a slightly higher proportion of older adults and children. Energy efficiency installations have tended to occur among specific types of households or parts of the building stock. These findings have implications for the design of future government programmes for targeting energy efficiency measures to specific household groups or dwelling types.     

宏程序在模具加工中的应用

通过宏程序在模具加工中的运用实践,探讨了模具加工中典型模板生产所存在的问题,提供一种解决的方法,以提高工效,降低成本。     

Assessment of Portuguese thermal building legislation in an energetic and environmental perspective

The aim of this study is to assess the consistency of Portuguese thermal building legislation in terms of energy and environmental performance.To illustrate this, a case study has been carried out for different scenarios of a dwelling home located in an extreme climate zone (I3, V1 north) in Portugal with a T3 typology: four occupants and net floor area of 150 m², modelled according to Regulation Thermal Performance Characteristics of Buildings and a Life Cycle Assessment approach.The results show that the Portuguese thermal building legislation can be considered consistent in terms of energy efficiency and environmental performance if we take the damage categories into account - “human health” or “ecosystem quality” or the impact category - “emission into air”. It cannot be considered consistent if we take the damage category into account - “resources” or the impact category - “CO₂ eq” (equivalent carbon dioxide emissions)/“climate change”/“global warming”.     

建筑业前沿效率研究——以安徽为例

根据C-D生产函数,采用随机前沿分析法(SFA),以安徽省为例测算建筑业的前沿效率值,并对其决定因素进行多元回归分析。结果表明,建筑业前沿效率的提高归因于施工技术改进和设备更新、管理创新、员工素质提高以及资产投入增加等。     

绿色建筑的生态效率评价方法探讨

由于建筑生态效率核算具有跨度时间长、数据信息大、市场价值多变等特殊性,至今还是研究的多,实际应用的少。本文就对建筑生态效率评价的主要指标、主流方案进行了综合性的探讨,以期推动该问题的深入研究,尽快把生态效率评估应用到绿色建筑设计和建设之中。