日本办公建筑的绿色生态设计及其评价

介绍了日本2个绿色办公建筑实例及其获得的评价,总结了新建和改建办公建筑的主要绿色技术亮点,阐述了自然采光、可再生能源利用、室内舒适性空调设计等方面的绿色生态设计手法,供国内同行参考与借鉴。     

Synthesis of an aromatic amine derivative with novel double spirobifluorene core and its application as a hole transport material

A synthetic method to prepare a novel double spirobifluorene core structure was developed and a hole transport type exciton blocking material with the double spirobifluorene core was synthesized. A two step ring closing method was used to synthesize the double spirobifluorene core. The double spirobifluorene core based hole transport material showed high glass transition temperature due to rigid structure, and high quantum efficiency in green phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes because of efficient hole injection and triplet exciton blocking properties.     

Characteristics of turbine spacing in a wind farm using an optimal design process

The characteristics of turbine spacing for optimal wind farm efficiency were investigated using combined numerical models. The effects of wakes from upstream turbines were predicted by a model capable of determining velocity distributions on a rotor plane, based on Ainslie's approach. The performance results of a wind farm showed good agreement with measurements. The blade element momentum theory, in combination with a dynamic wake model, was applied. Wake model used the results of aerodynamic analysis as input properties. The optimal distance between wind turbines was predicted using a genetic algorithm to maximize efficiency in a wind farm. The results showed that the spacing between the first and the second turbines had the importance to the entire farm's efficiency.     

600MW机组布袋除尘器综合集成施工技术

阐述了600 MW机组布袋除尘器施工的关键技术,施工过程中把设备部件最大化地面组合后,分单元退吊、配合自制吊具解决了现场吊车站位及起重能力不够的难题,花板梁水平度控制、壳体正压密封试验、花板荧光粉检漏等综合集成技术,保证了整个工程安全、优质、高效地完成,从而提高了布袋除尘器的除尘效率,取得良好的经济效益。     

矩形板在临界频率处的声辐射特性分析

首先建立无限大薄板的声辐射模型,分析其在不同振动频率下的声辐射效率,进而分析有限大矩形板的声辐射效率随激振频率的变化规律,并从相元的角度探究矩形平板在临界频率附近的声辐射效率趋近于1的原因。结果表明,若将板表面划分成活塞小单元,随着频率的增大,对声辐射贡献的活塞单元越多,所以高频时结构的声辐射效率趋近于1。     

A triparametric family of three-step optimal eighth-order methods for solving nonlinear equations

A new triparametric family of three-step optimal eighth-order iterative methods free from second derivatives are proposed in this paper, to find a simple root of nonlinear equations. Convergence analysis as well as numerical experiments confirms the eighth-order convergence and asymptotic error constants.     

An error correction framework for sequences resulting from known state-transition models in Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM), the set of techniques used for disaggregating total electricity consumption in a building into its constituent electrical loads, has recently received renewed interest in the research community, partly due to the roll-out of smart metering technology worldwide. Event-based NILM approaches (i.e., those that are based on first segmenting the power time-series and associating each segment with the operation of electrical appliances) are a commonly implemented solution but are prone to the propagation of errors through the data processing pipeline. Thus, during energy estimation (the final step in the process), many corrections need to be made to account for errors incurred during segmentation, feature extraction and classification (the other steps typically present in event-based approaches). A robust framework for energy estimation should use the labels from classification to (1) model the different state transitions that can occur in an appliance; (2) account for any misclassifications by correcting event labels that violate the extracted model; and (3) accurately estimate the energy consumed by that appliance over a period of time. In this paper, we address the second problem by proposing an error-correcting algorithm which looks at sequences generated by Finite State Machines (FSMs) and corrects for errors in the sequence; errors are defined as state transitions that violate the said FSM. We evaluate our framework on simulated data and find that it improves energy estimation errors. We further test it on data from 43 appliances collected from 19 houses and find that the framework significantly improves errors in energy estimates when compared to the case with no correction in 19 appliances, leaves 17 appliances unchanged, and has a slightly negative impact on 6 appliances.     

An Energy-efficient Switching Scheme with Reduced Switching Transients for a Wind-driven Induction Generator

This article presents a scheme for improving the power output of grid-connected induction generator commonly used in wind energy conversion systems. Generally, the stator of the induction generator is connected in a star with a line voltage of √3 times the rated winding voltage to reduce the line current and, hence, conductor size. To extend the generating operation over a wider speed range, delta-star switchable stator windings are also in vogue. In such cases, the stator is star connected in the lower speed range and switched to a delta connection above a threshold speed. In this study, a new switching scheme is proposed wherein the stator coils are always connected in a star, while the stator is connected to different voltages in low- and high-speed conditions. At low wind speeds, nominal winding voltage is applied to the stator, whereas at higher speeds, the stator applied voltage is √3 times higher than the rated winding voltage. The efficacy of the scheme is demonstrated experimentally with a suitable microcontroller-based switching arrangement. Typical results indicate an increase in output with reduced switching transients. A case study on a 3-Φ, 50-kW induction generator is presented to emphasize the performance improvement with the proposed scheme.     

Simulation and experimental research on energy conversion efficiency of scroll expander for micro‐Compressed Air Energy Storage system

A scroll expander was applied to the Micro‐Compressed Air Energy Storage system, and its energy conversion efficiency was investigated. In order to study the variation mechanism of the volume, mass, pressure and temperature of the air in different chambers, the mathematical model of the expansion process was developed on the base of the geometric model, mass conservation equation, ideal gas equation and energy conservation equation. Then, the mathematical model was implemented in Matlab, and the simulated energy conversion efficiency defined as the ratio between the output shaft power of the scroll expander and the input compressed air power was obtained. Furthermore, a test system was built in order to validate the mathematical model and study the improvement of the energy conversion efficiency. The prototypes of the scroll expander with different cross‐sectional areas of the intake port or the discharge port were fabricated and tested in the experiments. Results show that the simulated torque and energy conversion efficiency agree well with the experimental results. Also, there is a small deviation between the expansion process and the ideal isentropic process due to the gas leakage, intake and discharge loss. In addition, the air supply pressure and the cross‐sectional area ratio of the discharge port to the intake port are two important parameters for the improvement of the energy conversion efficiency. The experiments show that the energy conversion efficiency varies from 23% to 36% at the air supply pressure of 0.35 to 0.65 MPa, indicating that it is proportional to the air supply pressure. It can also be concluded from the experiments that when the air pressure is higher than 0.45 MPa, the ideal ratio range can be determined as 0.6‐0.8. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

气相色谱法在煤化工分析中的应用

目的：随着煤化工的发展，煤化工需要通过检查煤气内各种气体的含量与使用率。方法：色相气谱仪在煤化工逐渐运用起来，其通过分离气体，检测气体等方法。结果：分析气相色谱法能够获得整个煤气的气体成分。结论：煤气是多种气体混合体，它可以通过气相色谱法进行区分。