重庆市农民收入与工业化的区域差异及阈值效应研究

为了能更准确地把握区域工业化发展给农民收入带来的影响,综合运用计量经济学方法研究了重庆市农民收入与工业化之间的非线性关系。结果发现：重庆市农民收入水平存在连片集聚现象,区域间工业化发展极不平衡,且二者之间不存在长期均衡的协整关系,工业化水平的提高并不能带来农民收入的长期持续增长。工业化对农民收入的影响具有双面阈值效应,在不同工业化阶段,对农民收入的影响弹性先快速增加后逐渐减弱;在不同区域,工业化的影响呈现出倒“U”和“U”两种类型。     

长江三角洲地区城乡收入差距测度

基于GE指数相关理论,测度了长江三角洲的城乡收入差距,测算和分析各种收入来源对城乡之间收入差距的影响度,得出了经营性收入对城乡收入差距的贡献率最大、工资性收入其次、财产性收入和转移性收入贡献率最小等结论。     

采用TTT变换的混联系统预防维修策略分析

在年龄更换策略的基础上,考虑复杂的混联系统,以平均期望损失和系统的平均可用度2个指标构建一个预防维修周期的目标优化模型。重点运用TTT变换函数精确求解该目标优化模型,从而确定出混联系统的预防周期。以数值实例阐述了该决策过程,说明该方法的正确性和可行性。     

居民平均可支配收入评价的定量分析

针对居民平均可支配收入的评价,以泰尔指数为切入点,综合运用变异系数、多元回归分析等多种方法,建立泰尔指数模型、标准收入模型和指数函数模型,运用Matlab、Excel等软件编程,得出了居民收入贫富差距现象的主要原因和各年居民平均收入数据的基本规律：马太效应。     

论我国没收程序的没收对象问题

我国违法所得没收的特别程序规定的没收对象是违法所得及其他涉案财产,我国程序法规定的没收对象与实体法规定的没收对象有所不同,也与国际公约所规定的犯罪所得不一致.在分析违法所得与犯罪所得区别的基础上,认为我国刑事诉讼法新增违法所得没收程序的没收对象应该进一步明确和完善.     

How purchase intention consummates purchase behaviour: the stochastic nature of product valuation in electronic commerce

This study challenges the conventional assumption that online customers with high purchase intention routinely move to the purchase stage. To this end, the process of how online customers form purchase intention and behaviour is examined. On the basis of product value distribution (PVD), we propose that the hypothetically expected product value (i.e. PVD average) determines purchase intention, whereas the actual probability of attaining the expected product value (i.e. PVD variance) moderates purchase behaviour. This proposal indicates that the expected product value has significance only when repeated purchase is assumed given that most consumers do not repeatedly purchase the same product in reality. Thus, the actual probability of attaining the expected product value more critically affects customer behaviour than does its expected value. The effectiveness of the research model is verified by conducting a survey on 300 online mall shoppers in Korea. The results confirm model effectiveness.     

Automatic generation algorithm of expected results for testing of component-based software system

ContextA component-based software (CBS) system is a typical example of a composite component, which is composed of two or more atomic components. In the test of a CBS system, it is necessary to automatically generate expected results because they are compared with the actual results.ObjectiveThis paper proposes an automatic generation algorithm of expected results for the testing of a CBS system.MethodThe algorithm analyzes Input/Output (I/O) relationships of a CBS system to identify inputs that influence its outputs. Then, the algorithm uses test cases of atomic components for each input and automatically generates expected results. To evaluate the proposed approach, we compare the proposed approach with the other I/O relationship based approach via two case studies which are the CBS systems for guide robot. The comparison shows the effectiveness of our approach.ResultsTo verify effectiveness of the proposed approach, we measure the cost of manual generation of expected results for each case study. The costs are from 0.001 to 0.015 in the first case study, and are from 0.590 to 0.998 in the second case study.ConclusionThis proposed approach reduces the time-consuming and error-prone task which manually generates expected results for the testing of a CBS system.     

含储能参与的日前市场价值公平分配机制

现有的节点边际电价机制中,由于传统发电商具有市场操控力,当储能独立参与市场出清时,各发电商采取策略性报价,打压并挤占储能电站的市场份额,阻碍了储能电站参与市场出清,间接导致市场出清总成本增大。为此,文中提出一种包含传统机组以及储能电站参与的市场竞争机制。首先,分析现有市场结算机制的弊端以及阻碍储能参与市场出清的原因;其次,建立含储能参与的市场出清模型,采用样本均值近似求解二阶段随机规划模型;接着,基于VCG结算机制,提出适应储能参与的日前市场价值分配机制;最后,提出解决激励相容而造成的系统收支不平衡问题的策略。文中采用修改后的IEEE30节点为例,证明该机制满足激励相容、收支平衡以及削弱传统发电商的市场操控力等性质,同时储能的参与将会减小系统出清总成本,降低市场价格剧烈波动的风险。     

高低压旁路改造技术在热电联产机组灵活性改造中的应用实践

为主动适应促进清洁能源消纳政策,提高机组供热期深度调峰能力和供热能力,某区域电网对某公司热电联产机组开展了高低压旁路技术改造。旁路技术改造的应用,彻底解决了该公司机组“以热定电”传统运行方式造成的供暖期调峰能力不足的难题,保证了机组全采暖期、全时域参与电网深度调峰,提高了调峰辅助服务补偿收益。     

Can twice weekly hemodialysis expand patient access under resource constraints?

The convention of prescribing hemodialysis on a thrice weekly schedule began empirically when it seemed that this frequency was convenient and likely to treat symptoms for a majority of patients. Later, when urea was identified as the main target and marker of clearance, studies supported the prevailing notion that thrice weekly dialysis provided appropriate clearance of urea. Today, national guidelines on hemodialysis from most countries recommend patients receive at least thrice weekly therapy. However, resource constraints in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) have resulted in a substantial proportion of patients using less frequent hemodialysis in these settings. Observational studies of patients on twice weekly dialysis show that twice weekly therapy has noninferior survival rates compared with thrice weekly therapy. In fact, models of urea clearance also show that twice weekly therapy can meet urea clearance “targets” if patients have significant residual function or if they follow a protein‐restricted diet, as may be common in LMIC. Greater reliance on twice weekly therapy, at least at the start of hemodialysis, therefore has potential to reduce health care costs and increase access to renal replacement therapy in low‐resource settings; however, randomized control trials are needed to better understand long‐term outcomes of twice versus thrice weekly therapy.